Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
1. Doctoral Program of Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia.
2
Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Sleman Regency, 55284, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dharmahusada Permai no. 1, Surabaya, 60115, East Java, Indonesia
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Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Pekalongan University, Jl. Sriwijaya no. 3 Pekalongan, 51119, Central Java, Indonesia
5
1. Center for Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Farmako Sekip Utara, Sleman Regency, 55284, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 2. Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of
10.22038/ajp.2025.26886
Abstract
Objective: Avicennia is a genus of coastal plants used in Indonesian folk medicine to treat diseases. This systematic review aimed to summarize and evaluate recent findings on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Avicennia species, and explore their possible mechanisms in combating inflammation and oxidative stress.
Materials and Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, literature search was conducted using databases (Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, PubPharm, and LILACs). Keywords such as “Avicennia,” “anti-inflammatory,” and “antioxidant” were used. Risk of bias was assessed using OHAT and SYRCLE’s RoB tool.
Results: From 587 articles, 16 were selected for analysis (13 in vivo studies and 3 in vitro studies). The anti-inflammatory properties of Avicennia species have been associated with regulating cytokines levels, reducing nitric oxide production, and promoting lymphocyte proliferation. The PI3K/Akt and mTOR pathways emerged as central mechanisms. The antioxidant effects were observed through reduced lipid peroxidation, lower reactive oxygen species, and regulation of enzymatic antioxidants. Study quality varied in design, methods, and depth of mechanistic insights.
Conclusion: This review supports the traditional use of Avicennia for treating inflammation and oxidative stress. However, further research, especially on mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics, is needed before clinical trials can be pursued for its therapeutic development.
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