Objective: Despite advances in conventional kidney stone treatments, limitations such as recurrence and side effects of the treatments necessitate the investigation of alternative treatments. Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens), a medicinal plant known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may offer therapeutic benefits in the management of urinary tract stones. This study investigates the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Devil's claw on urinary stones induced by ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride in male rats and evaluates its effect on biochemical, histological, and inflammatory markers.
Materials and Methods: A total of 40 male Wistar rats were divided into eight experimental groups including a control group, a kidney stone-induced control group, a kidney stone-induced group, and groups receiving Devil's claw extract (150 or 300 mg/kg) or Cystone® (750 mg/kg) via oral gavage for prevention (28 days) or treatment (days 14-28). Urinary, serum, and histological parameters were evaluated to determine the efficacy of the extract.
Results: Devil’s claw extract significantly reduced urinary calcium and phosphorus levels, improved markers of kidney function, and reduced oxidative stress-related damage. The high dose showed better effects in reducing tubulointerstitial changes and minimizing kidney stone formation. The extract also modulated cytokine levels, reducing inflammatory markers such as Interleukin 1 beta and Tumor necrosis factor alpha while increasing IL-10.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that Devil's claw extract has nephroprotective and anti-kidney stone properties, demonstrating its potential as a natural alternative for kidney stone management.