Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil against lead acetate-induced toxicity on the hippocampus and bone marrow in rats

Alavi, Mohaddeseh Sadat; Hosseini, Azar; Torabi, Fereshte; Rayati Banadkooki, Mitra; Taghadosi, Zahra; Boroushaki, Mohammad Taher

doi:10.22038/ajp.2025.26495

Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil against lead acetate-induced toxicity on the hippocampus and bone marrow in rats

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi ¹

azar Hosseini ¹

Fereshte Torabi ²

Mitra Rayati banadkooki ³

Zahra Taghadosi ³

Mohammad Taher Boroushaki ⁴

¹ Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

² Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

³ Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

⁴ Pharmacology

10.22038/ajp.2025.26495

Abstract

Objective: Lead poisoning is one of the oldest occupational and environmental diseases in the world. It can enter the body by being absorbed in water, air, and food. Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms responsible for lead toxicity. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are the primary effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO). This research is designed to determine the impact of PSO on damage to the hippocampus, bone, and bone marrow in rats triggered by lead acetate.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult male rats were subjected to this study. The animals were divided into four groups at random after they had acclimated. The control group received 1 ml/kg of normal saline for 21 days. Animals in the Pb group received 500 ppm of lead acetate in drinking water for 21 days. Pb+ PSO 0.4 ml/kg and Pb+ PSO 0.8 ml/kg received 0.4 or 0.8 ml/kg of PSO intraperitoneally, concomitant with exposure to lead acetate for 21 days. Blood, bone, bone marrow, and hippocampus samples were taken after the treatment for measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), thiol content and superoxide dismutase (SOD).
Results: Our results revealed that 0.8 ml/kg of PSO significantly decreased malondialdehyde in bone marrow, serum, and hippocampus. It also could increase thiol in serum and superoxide dismutase in bone marrow.
Conclusion: PSO could protect against lead-induced damage in bone, bone marrow, and hippocampus of treated animals through reduction of oxidative stress.

Keywords

Pomegranate seed oil

Lead acetate

Oxidative stress

Hippocampus

Bone marrow

Subjects