Methanol leaf extract of Azadirachta indica mitigates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction through the modulation of oxidative stress, and PPARα and BCL2 signaling in rats

Yusuf, Amirah Folashade; Ajibade, Temitayo Olabisi; Esan, Oluwaseun Olanrewaju; Asenuga, Racheal Ebunoluwa; Onoja, Moyinoluwa; Akpan, Matthew Obot; Badejo, Joseph Ayotunde; Omobowale, Temidayo Olutayo; Oyagbemi, Ademola Adetokunbo; Adedapo, Adeolu Alex; Oguntibeju, Oluwafemi Omoniyi; Yakubu, Momoh Audu

doi:10.22038/ajp.2024.25277

Methanol leaf extract of Azadirachta indica mitigates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction through the modulation of oxidative stress, and PPARα and BCL2 signaling in rats

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

¹ Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA

² Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

³ Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

⁴ Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

⁵ Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

⁶ Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

⁷ Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

⁸ Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

⁹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa

¹⁰ Department of Environmental & Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering & Technology, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA

10.22038/ajp.2024.25277

Abstract

Objective: Evaluation of Azadirachta indica’s potential on the modulation of blood pressure parameters, antioxidant defense status, as well as immunohistochemical expressions of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) in rats exposed to isoproterenol was the objective of this study.
Materials and Methods: Fifty rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain were used, with myocardial infarction induced by intraperitoneal administration of isoproterenol (ISO) for two consecutive days. Cardiac and renal biomarkers of oxidative stress, blood pressure parameters, electrocardiography, and immunohistochemical staining of PPARα and BCL2 were performed.
Results: ISO toxicity heightened blood pressure parameters, aggravated oxidative processes, declined antioxidant defense system, and decreased immunohistochemical expressions of PPARα and BCL2. Interestingly, A. indica improved antioxidant status, lowered free radical generation, mitigated serum myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase activities, respectively.
Conclusion: Mitigation of oxidative mechanisms and antihypertensive effects of Azadirachta indica suggest a positive modulatory role for the medicinal plant in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction.

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