Licorice extract and carbenoxolone protect PC12 cells against serum/glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis through modulation of caspase-3 and PARP activation

Hosseinzadeh, Hossein; Ramazani, Elham; Bakhshi, Soheyla; Tayarani Najjaran, Zahra

doi:10.22038/ajp.2024.25252

Licorice extract and carbenoxolone protect PC12 cells against serum/glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis through modulation of caspase-3 and PARP activation

Document Type : Short communication

Authors

Hossein Hosseinzadeh ¹

Elham Ramazani ²

Soheyla Bakhshi ¹

Zahra Tayarani Najjaran ³

¹ Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

² Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

³ Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

10.22038/ajp.2024.25252

Abstract

Objective: Serum/glucose deprivation in cultured PC12 cells is considered an appropriate model for investigating detailed mechanisms of ischemia-induced brain injury. Here, we aimed to study the anti-apoptotic effects of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) root extract and carbenoxolone on PC12 cells cultured in the serum/glucose deprivation (SGD) condition.
Materials and Methods: Cells were incubated with the different concentrations of the G. glabra methanol extract (5-320 µg/ml) and carbenoxolone (0.5-32 µM) for 2 hr before being deprived of serum/glucose. Protection against cytotoxicity, increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis was analyzed with resazurin, dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), and western blot, respectively.
Results: Serum/glucose deprivation induced cell death and apoptosis in PC12 cells. Pretreatment with the G. glabra methanol extract at 5-20 µg/ml and carbenoxolone at 0.5-2 µM for 2 hr significantly decreased the cytotoxicity (p<0.05), and pretreatment with the G. glabra methanol extract (5-160 µg/ml) and carbenoxolone (0.5 μM) significantly decreased the ROS content. Pretreatment with the G. glabra methanol extract and carbenoxolone at 5-20 µg/ml significantly prevented from the Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 cleavage.
Conclusion: Taken together, this study confirms the protective and free radical-scavenging potency of licorice extract and carbenoxolone in in vitro model of ischemia. Overall, it seems that pretreatment with the licorice extract and carbenoxolone may potentially slow the progression of brain ischemia.

Keywords

Licorice extract

Carbenoxolone

Apoptosis

Ischemia

PC12 cells

Subjects