Renal Effects of Anchomanes difformis Crude Extract in Wistar Rats

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Anatomy, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Nigeria

2 Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

Abstract

Objective:  Anchomanes difformis is a member of the plant family Araceae which is used as a diuretic but also has other medicinal applications. This study investigates the dietary effects of A. difformis on the kidneys of adult wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: Sixteen rats were used and were weighed, before and after the experiment. All rats were randomly divided into four groups. All groups were treated with the following regimen for two weeks. The control group (A) was fed on feed mash and water ad libitum throughout the period. The treatment groups B, C, and D received feed mash mixed with crude extract of A. difformis in the following proportions: 25:75(g), 50:50(g), and 75:25(g), respectively. The kidneys of the experimental animals were histologically examined for morphologic changes.
Results: Results showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the kidney weight of the treatment groups compared with the control. Histological examination of the renal tissues also showed considerable lesions such as inflammation, focal cortical and interstitial hemorrhage, and fibrosis in the treated rats compared with the control.
Conclusion: The current study results suggest renal toxicity with excessive consumption of A.difformis.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Gilani AH, Rahman AU. 2005. Trends in Ethnopharmacology. J. Ethnopharmacol, 100:43-49
Busson  F. 1963. Food Plants of Tropical West Africa. Qual. Plant. Mat. Veg, 10: 109-132.
Canadian Council of Animal Care, 1985. Guide to the handling and use of Experimental Animals. Vol. 23, pp 45-47, NH Publications, Ottawa, USA.
Corazo JLS, Losada LO, Sanjuan VP. 1999. Tratamientoactual de las micose superficiales. Revista Iberoamericana de micologia, 16: 26-30.
Czygan FC. 1993. Kulturgeschicte und mystik des Johanniskrautes. Zeitschrift Fur Phytotherapie, 5: 276-282
Dalziel JM.1937. The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa, pp 18-22, Crown Agents for the Colonies, London.
Duncan, D. B (1957). Multiple Range Test for Correlated and Heteroscedastic Means.  Biometrics, 13:  164 – 176.
Farber JL, Chien KR Mittnacht Jr. S. 1981. The Pathogenesis of Irreversible Cell Injury in Ischemia. Am. J Pathol, 102:271-281.
Hack SK. 2006. Do not put too much value on conventional medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol, 100:37-39.
Hall JE. 2011. The body fluids and kidneys: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12thed,pp 285-371, Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia.
Joanne B, Habib G, Marie-Caroline J, Michel F, Fernand Gbanguidi, Patrick D, Mansourou M, Joelle Q. 2009. Invitro antiplasmodial activity of plants used in Benin in traditional medicine to treat malaria. J. Ethnopharmacol, 122:439-444.
Kochnar SL. 1981. Tropical crops: A text book of Economy Botany, pp 268-271, Macmillan publishers limited, London.
Lacson Jr E, Kuhlman MK, Shah K, Yoshino M, Levin NW. 2005. Outcomes and Economies of ESRF. In: El Nahas AM.(ed.) Kidney diseases in the developing world and ethnic minorities. pp 15-37, Taylor and Francis NewYork.
 
Morton JK. 1961. West Africa lilies and orchids. In: savory, H.J (Ed), The Useful Plants of West Africa, pp 196.
 Nitta T, Arai T, Takamatsu H, Inatomi Y, Murata H, Linuma M, Tanaka T, Ito T, Asai F, Ibrahim I, Nakanishi T, Wakabe, K. 2002. Anti-bacteria activity of extracts prepared from tropical and sub-tropical plants on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J. Health Science, 48: 273-276.
Okeke IN, Lamikanra A, Edelman R. 1999. Socioeconomic and behavioral factors leading to acquired bacterial resistance to antibiotics in developing countries. Emerging infectious diseases 5: 18-27
 Oyetayo VO. 2007. Comparative Studies of the Phytochemical and Antimicrobial properties of the leaf, stem and tuber of Anchomanes difformis. Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2 (4): 407 – 410.
 Plowman T. 1969. Folk uses of New World aroids. Econ Bot, 23:97-122
Rizwan AH. 2006. The burden of chronic kidney disease is rising rapidly worldwide. BMJ 332 (7541): 563-564.
 
Tchiakpe L, Balansard G, Benard P, Placidi M. 1980. Chemical and Toxicological study of Anchomanes difformis (Engl). Herba hungarica, 19: 55-63.
Walker AR, Sillans R. 1953. Les Plantes Utiles du Gabon, pp 117-118, Paul Lechevalier, Paris.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
January and February 2015
Pages 17-25

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics