Abou Ghalia AH, Fouad IM. 2000. Glutathione
and its metabolizing enzymes in patients
with different benign and malignant
diseases. Clin Biochem, 33: 657-662.
Adebowale YA, Adeyemi A, Oshodi AA. 2005.
Variability in the physicochemical,
nutritional and antinutritional attributes of
six Mucuna species. Food Chem, 89: 37-
48.
Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM. 1963. Improved
method for the determination of blood
glutathione. J Lab Clin Med, 61: 882-888.
Burnett AL. 2006. The role of nitric oxide in
erectile dysfunction: implications for
medical therapy. J Clin Hypertens, 8: 53-
62.
CPCSEA guidelines for laboratory animal
facility. 2003. Ind J Pharmacol, 35: 257-
274.
Das SK, Vasudevan DM. 2006. Effect of
lecithin in the treatment of ethanol
mediated free radical induced
hepatotoxicity. Indian J Clin Biochem, 21:
62-69.
Dhale D, Sanskruti P. 2010. Pharmacognostic
Evaluation of Mucuna Pruriens (L) Dc.
(Fabaceae). Int J Pharma World Res, 1: 1-
13.
Ellman GL. 1959. Tissue sulfhydryl groups.
Arch Biochem Biophys, 72: 70-77.
Fong KL, McCay PB, Poyer JL, Keele BB,
Misra H. 1973. Evidence that peroxidation
of lysosomal membranes is initiated by
hydroxyl free radicals produced during
flavin enzyme activity. J Biol Chem, 25:
7792-7797.
Garjani A, Azarmiy Y, Zakheri A, Allaf Akbari
N, Andalib S, Maleki-Dizaji N. 2011.
Vascular dysfunction in short-term
hypercholesterolemia despite the absence
of atherosclerotic lesions. J Cardiovasc
Thorac Res, 3: 73-77.
Gokkaya SC, Ozden C, Ozdal OL, Koyuncu
HH, Guzel O, Memis A. 2008. Effect of
correcting serum cholesterol levels on
erectile function in patients with
vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. Scand J
Urol Nephrol, 42: 437-440.
Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jakoby WB, William B.
1974. Glutathione S-Transferases the first
enzymatic step in mercapturic acid
formation. J Biol Chem, 249: 7130-7139.
Harborne JB, 1973. Phytochemical Methods. A
Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant
Analysis., pp. 105-185, Chapman and Hall
International, London.
Hariri N, Thibault L. 2010. High-fat dietinduced obesity in animal models. Nutr
Res Rev, 23: 270-299.
Hsieh HJ, Liu CA, Huang B, Tseng AH, Wang
DL. 2014. Shear-induced endothelial
mechanotransduction: the interplay
between reactive oxygen species (ROS)
and nitric oxide (NO) and the
pathophysiological implications. J Biomed
M. pruriens on high-fat diet induced reproductive disorder
AJP, Vol. 12, No. 5, Sep-Oct 2022 501
Sci, 13: 3.
Hu X, Wang T, Luo J, Liang S, Li W, Wu X,
Jin F, Wang L. 2014. Age-dependent
effect of high cholesterol diets on anxietylike behavior in elevated plus maze test in
rats. Behav Brain Funct, 10: 30.
Hurt RT, Kulisek C, Buchanan LA, McClave
SA. 2010. The obesity epidemic:
challenges, health initiatives, and
implications for gastroenterologists.
Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y), 6: 780-792.
Kanazawa K, Sakakibara H. 2000. High content
of dopamine, a strong antioxidant, in
cavendish banana. J Agric Food Chem, 48:
844-888.
Kannan S, Srinivasan D, Raghupathy PB,
Bhaskaran RS. 2019. Association between
duration of obesity and severity of ovarian
dysfunction in rat-cafeteria diet approach.
J Nutr Biochem, 71: 132-143.
Kora T, Sugimoto M, Ito K. 1996. Cellular
distribution of glutathione -transferase-P
gene expression during rat
hepatocarcinogenesis by
diethylnitrosamine. Int Hepatol Commun,
5: 266-273.
Lampariello LR, Cortelazzo A, Guerranti R,
Sticozzi C, Valacchi G. 2012. The magic
velvet bean of Mucuna pruriens. J Tradit
Complement Med, 2: 331-339.
Saez Lancellotti TE, Boarelli PV, Romero AA,
Funes AK, Cid-Barria M, Cabrillana ME,
Monclus MA, Simón L, Vicenti AE,
Fornés MW. 2013. Semen quality and
sperm function loss by
hypercholesterolemic diet was recovered
by addition of olive oil to diet in rabbit.
PLoS One, 8: e52386.
Marklund S, Marklund G. 1974. Involvement
of the superoxide anion radical in the
autoxidation of pyrogallol and a
convenient assay for superoxide
dismutase. Eur J Biochem, 47: 469-474.
Misra L, Wagner H. 2004. Alkaloidal
constituents of Mucuna pruriens seeds.
Phytochem, 65: 2565-2567.
Murugesan P, Senthilkumar J,
Balasubramanian K, Aruldhas MM,
Arunakaran J. 2005. Impact of
polychlorinated biphenyl Aroclor 1254 on
testicular antioxidant system in adult rats.
Hum Exp Toxicol, 24: 61-66.
Ohara Y, Peterson TE, Harrison DG. 1993.
Hypercholesterolemia increases
endothelial superoxide anion production. J
Clin Invest, 91: 2546-2551.
Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. 1979. Assay for
lipid peroxides in animal tissues by
thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal
Biochem, 95: 351-358.
Olfert ED, Cross BM, McWilliam AA. 1993.
Guide to the care and use of experimental
animals. Volume 1. 2nd ed. Canadian
Council for Animal Care.
Pacher P, Beckman JS, Liaudet L. 2007. Nitric
oxide and peroxynitrite in health and
disease. Physiol Rev, 87: 315-424.
Pandey G. 1998. Chamatkari Jadi-Butiyan.
Bhasha Bhavan, Mathura, India.
Pandey U. 1999. Chamatkari Paudhe. Bhagwati
Pocket Books, Agra, India.
Pathania R. Chawla P, Khan H, Kaushik R,
Khan MA. 2020. An assessment of
potential nutritive and medicinal
properties of Mucuna pruriens: a natural
food legume. Biotech, 10: 261.
Podczasy JJ, Wei R. 1988. Reduction of
iodonitrotetrazolium violet by superoxide
radicals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun,
150: 1294-12301.
Pollin TI, Quartuccio M. 2013. What We Know
About Diet, Genes, and Dyslipidemia: Is
There Potential for Translation? Curr Nutr
Rep, 2: 236-242.
Prakash S, Prithiviraj E, Suresh S. 2007.
Developmental changes of seminiferous
tubule in prenatal, postnatal and adult
testis of bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata).
Anat Histol Embryol, 37: 19-23.
Pulikkalpura H, Kurup R, Mathew PJ, Baby S.
2015. Levodopa in Mucuna pruriens and
its degradation. Sci Rep, 5: 11078.
Puntarulo S, Cederbaum AI. 1988. Production
of reactive oxygen species by microsomes
enriched in specific human cytochrome
P450 enzymes. Free Radic Biol Med, 24:
1324-1330.
Ramaswamy S, Weinbauer GF. 2015.
Endocrine control of spermatogenesis:
Role of FSH and LH/ testosterone.
Spermatogenesis, 26: e996025.
Ratnawati H, Widowati W. 2011.
Anticholesterol activity of velvet bean
(Mucuna pruriens L.) towards
hypercholesterolemic rats. Sains
Malaysiana, 4: 317-321.
Rotruck JT, Pope AL, Ganther HE, Swanson
AB, Hafeman DG, Hoekstra WG. 1973.
Selenium: biochemical role as acomponent
of glutathione peroxidase. Science, 179:
Murugesan et al.
AJP, Vol. 12, No. 5, Sep-Oct 2022 502
588-590.
Saez F, Drevet JR. 2019. Dietary cholesterol
and lipid overload: Impact on male
fertility. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 6:
4521786.
Sathiyanarayanan L, Arulmozhi S. 2007.
Mucuna pruriens Linn. - A
Comprehensive Review. Pharmacogn
Rev, 1: 157-162.
Sèdes L, Thirouard L, Maqdasy S, Garcia M,
Caira F, Lobaccaro JM, Beaudoin C, Volle
D. 2018. Cholesterol: A gatekeeper of
male fertility? Front Endocrinol
(Lausanne), 9: 369.
Seppan P, Muhammed I, Mohanraj KG,
Premavathy D, Muthu SJ, Wungpam K,
Sathyanathan SB. 2018. Therapeutic
potential of Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) on
ageing induced damage in the dorsal nerve
of the penis and its implication on erectile
function: An experimental study using
albino rats. Aging Male, 23: 313-326.
Shukla KK, Mahdi AA, Ahmad MK, Jaiswar
SP, Shankwar SN, Tiwari SC. 2010.
Mucuna pruriens reduces stress and
improves the quality of semen in infertile
men. Evid Based Complement Alternat
Med, 7: 137-144.
Shukla KK, Mahdi AA, Ahmad MK,
Shankhwar SN, Rajender S, Jaiswar SP.
2009. Mucuna pruriens improves male
fertility by its action on the hypothalamuspituitary-gonadal axis. Fertil Steril, 92:
1934-1940.
Siddhuraju P, Becker K. 2005. Nutritional and
antinutritional composition, in vitro amino
acid availability, starch digestibility and
predicted glycemic index of differentially
processed mucuna beans (Mucuna
pruriens var. utilis): an under-utilised
legume. Food Chem, 91: 275-286.
Sinha AK. 1972. Colorimetric assay of catalase.
Anal Biochem, 47: 389-394.
Skeldon SC, Detsky AS, Goldenberg SL, Law
MR. 2015. Erectile dysfunction and
undiagnosed diabetes, hypertension, and
hypercholesterolemia. Ann Fam Med, 13:
331-335.
Stanworth R, Jones T. 2009. Testosterone in
obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2
diabetes. Front Horm Res, 37: 74-90.
Suleiman JB, Mohamed M, Bakar ABA. 2019.
A systematic review on different models of
inducing obesity in animals: Advantages
and limitations, J Adv Vet Anim Res, 7:
103-114.
Suresh S, Prakash S. 2011. Effect of Mucuna
pruriens (Linn.) on oxidative stressinduced structural alteration of Corpus
cavernosum in streptozotocin-induced
diabetic rat. J Sex Med, 8: 1943-1956.
Suresh S, Prakash S. 2012. Effect of Mucuna
pruriens (Linn.) on sexual behavior and
sperm parameters in streptozotocininduced diabetic male rat. J Sex Med, 9:
3066-3078.
Suresh S, Prithiviraj E, Prakash S. 2009. Doseand time-dependent effects of ethanolic
extract of Mucuna pruriens Linn. seed on
sexual behaviour of normal male rats. J
Ethnopharmacol, 122: 497-501.
Suresh S, Prithiviraj E, Prakash S. 2010. Effect
of Mucuna pruriens on oxidative stress
mediated damage in aged rat sperm. Int J
Androl, 33: 22-32.
Suresh S, Prithiviraj E, Venkata Lakshmi N,
Karthik Ganesh M, Ganesh L, Prakash S.
2013. Effect of Mucuna pruriens (Linn.)
on mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA
damage in epididymal sperm of
streptozotocin induced diabetic rat. J
Ethnopharmacol, 145: 32-41.
Tripathi YB, Upadhyay AK. 2002. Effect of the
alcohol extract of the seeds of Mucuna
pruriens on free radicals and oxidative
stress in albino rats. Phyther Res, 16: 534-
538.
Whitfield M, Pollet-Villard X, Levy R, Drevet
JR, Saez F. 2015. Posttesticular sperm
maturation, infertility, and
hypercholesterolemia. Asian J Androl, 2:
742-748.
)