<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine</title>
			<title_fa></title_fa>
			<short_title></short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2228-7930</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2228-7949</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year></year>
				<month></month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year></year>
				<month></month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume></volume>
			<number></number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Micromeria biflora in alleviating hindgut mucosal injury in type 1 diabetic rats</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Research Article</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Objective: This study investigated the alleviating effect of Micromeria biflora on hindgut mucosal damage in rats with type 1 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (NC, n=15), a diabetic rat group (DC, n=15), and a Micromeria biflora treatment group (MbT, n=15, 300 mg/kg/day for 21 days). Changes in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, and gene and protein expression of related signaling pathway components in the caecal mucosa were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), PCR, and Western blot, respectively.
Results: Compared with the DC group, M. biflora treatment significantly increased mRNA expression levels of CCND2 (1.4-fold, p&lt;0.05) and MKI67 (1.9-fold, p&lt;0.05), and increased protein expression of CCND2 (1.7-fold, p&lt;0.05) and Sox9 (1.6-fold, p&lt;0.05). It elevated β-defensin protein levels (40% increase, p&lt;0.05) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) content (60% increase, p&lt;0.05), and enhanced COX-2 activity (35% increase, p&lt;0.05) as compared to the DC group. Treatment also increased local PGE2 content (75% increase, p&lt;0.05) and membrane prostaglandin receptor 4 (EP4) levels (2.3-fold, p&lt;0.05) as compared to the DC group. Furthermore, it upregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA expression (1.5-fold, p&lt;0.01) and increased protein abundances of phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) (2.0-fold, p&lt;0.05) and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) (1.8-fold, p&lt;0.05) as compared to the DC group. No significant change in phosphorylated ERK (pERK) was observed.
Conclusion: M. biflora ameliorates diabetic hindgut injury by specifically activating the PGE2/EP4 signaling axis, evidenced by increased COX-2 activity (35%), PGE2 synthesis (75%), and EP4 receptor levels. This activation drives downstream phosphorylation of CREB and AKT, ultimately promoting epithelial proliferation and enhancing mucosal barrier function.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Micromeria biflora, Type 1 diabetes, Hindgut mucosa, Damage, Prostaglandin E2 signaling</keyword>
				<start_page>0</start_page>
				<end_page>0</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_27030.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Jing</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Zhang</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>jingzhang666999@163.com</email>
				<code>118667</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Ye</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Wang</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>16589535@qq.com</email>
				<code>118668</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Lihong</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Chen</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>2511608961@qq.com</email>
				<code>118669</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zhengsheng</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>LI</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>1043766986@qq.com</email>
				<code>118670</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Liang</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Yang</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>yangliang472@gzy.edu.cn</email>
				<code>118671</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Yinan</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Yang</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>477935578@qq.com</email>
				<code>118672</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Jie</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Xu</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>1249309129@qq.com</email>
				<code>118673</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Huishui County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>