ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating contact toxicity of Geranium and Artemisia essential oils on Bemisia tabaci Gen.
Objective: Sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gen. (B. tabaci), is one of the most important pests of various greenhouse crops in Iran. Nowadays, chemical insecticides are broadly used for control of the pests that causes risk to consumer's health. For the first time, contact toxicity of Pelargonium roseum Andrews and Artemisia sieberi Besser essential oils on B. tabaci and its possible application against the whitefly was evaluated in 2012. Materials and Methods: Essential oil with concentrations of 2500, 1250, 125, and 12 ppm were used. Infested leaves of greenhouse cucumber were treated by mentioned concentrations. After 24 hours, mortality of B. tabaci was recorded and compared after correcting by Abbot's formula. Results: Results showed that all concentrations of the essential oil could significantly reduce population of B. tabaci compared with the control treatment. Phytotoxicity of the treated leaves were recorded after 24, 48, and 72 hours and compared with the control. Concentrations of 2500, 1250, and 125 ppm caused severe phytotoxicity on greenhouse cucumber leaves and therefore are not suitable for greenhouse application. Phytotoxicity of 12 ppm was relatively low. Conclusions: This data implicated suitable protective effects of the essential oils to the pest infestation. Therefore, essential oils distillated from Geranium and Artemisia could be applied to control B. tabaci in greenhouse cucumber at V/V 12 ppm.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_256_526464bb8117d431867e330c0852b9e9.pdf
2013-03-01
106
111
10.22038/ajp.2013.256
Greenhouse Cucumber
Essential oils
Pelargonium roseum
Artemisia sieberi
Organic Product
Potato Whitefly
Sweet
Fatemeh
Yarahmadi
1
Department of Plant Protection, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Rajabpour
a_rajabpour2000@yahoo.com
2
Department of Plant Protection, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, I.R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nooshin
Zandi Sohani
3
Department of Plant Protection, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Leila
Ramezani
4
Department of Plant Protection, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Aslan I, Ozbek H, Calmasure O, Sahin, F. 2004. Toxicity of essential oil vapoures to two greenhouse pests, Tetranychus urticae Koch. and Bemisia tabaci Genn. Ind Crops and Prod 19: 167-173.
1
Cock MJN. 1986. Bemisia tabaci literature survey on the cotton whitefly with an annotated bibliography. FAO/CAB Inter. Ins Bio Contr , Ascot, UK, 21pp.
2
Dittrich VSUk, Ernst GH. 1990. Chemical control and insecticide resistance of whiteßies, pp. 263Ð285. In D. Gerling [ed.], Whiteflies: their bionomics, pest status and management. Intercept Ltd., Andover, United Kingdom.
3
Ebadollahi A. 2010. Iranian plant essential oils as sources of natural insecticide agents. Inter J Bio Chem, 5: 266-290. Garcio MR, Sanchez EE, Rables PE, Sanchez EA. 2007. Toxicity of Petiveria alliaceae L. on greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodews vaporariorum). Injerciencia, 32:121-124.
4
Hayes WJ, Laws ER. 1991. Handbook of pesticide toxicology, vol. 1. Academic, San Diego, CA.
5
Isman MB. 2000. Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Prot, 19: 603-608.
6
Isman MB. 2006. Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Ann Rev Entomol, 51: 45-66.
7
Khanjani M. 2007. Vegetable pests in Iran. (Third Edition). Bu-Ali Sina University Press, 465 p.( In Persian) Kim SI, Chae SH, Youn HS, Yeon SH, Ahn YJ. 2011. Contact and fumigant toxicity of plant essential oils and efficacy of spray formulations containing the oils against B- and Q-biotypes of Bemisia tabaci. Pest Manag Sci, 67:1093-1099.
8
Koul O, Walia S, Dhaliwal D. 2008. Essential Oils as Green Pesticides: Potential and Constraints. Biopesticide. Int, 4: 63-64.
9
Mound LA, Halsey SH. 1978. Whitefly of the World: a Systematic Catalogue of the Aleyrodidae (Homoptera) with Host Plant and Natural Enemy Data. Wiley, New York, 340pp.
10
Oliviera MRV, Henneerry TJ, and Andreson P. 2001. History, current status, and collaborative research projects for Bemisia tabaci. Crop Prot, 30: 709-723.
11
Omid Bakhsh M, Jemsi GR, Kocheili F. 2010. Effect of common pesticides on sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) in fall cucumber at Ahwaz. Plant Prot J, 2: 1-11
12
Price JF, Schuster DF, Short DT. 1986. Managing sweetpotato whitefly. Greenhouse Grower, 55-57
13
Roditakis E, Roditakis NE, Tsagkarakou A. 2005. Insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) populations from Crete. Pest Manag Sci,61: 577-582.
14
Suthisut D, Fields PG, Chandrapatya A. 2011. Contact toxicity, feeding reduction, and repellency of essential oils from three plants from the Ginger Family (Zingiberaceae) and their major components against Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum. J Eco Entomol, 104: 1445-1454.
15
Thompson, W.M.O. 2011. The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Interaction with Gemnivirus-infected host plants. Springwe, Netherland. Pp: 77-78.
16
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17
Yang NW, Li AL, Wan FH, Liu WX, Johnsom D. 2010. Effects of on essential oils on immature and adult sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci biotype B. Crop prot, 29: 1200-1207.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of Piper betle leaves
Objective:The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities ofthe methanolic extract of Piper betle leaves (MPBL). Materials and Methods: MPBL was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model. Analgesic activity of MPBL was evaluated by hot plate, writhing, and formalin tests. Total phenolic and flavonoids content, total antioxidant activity, scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, peroxynitrate (ONOO-) as well as inhibition of total ROS generation, and assessment of reducing power were used to evaluate antioxidant potential of MPBL. Results: The extract of MPBL, at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg, produced a significant (p<0.05) increase in pain threshold in hot plate method whereas significantly (p<0.05) reduced the writhing caused by acetic acid and the number of licks induced by formalin in a dose-dependent manner. The same ranges of doses of MPBL caused significant (p<0.05) inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema after 4 h in a dose-dependent manner. In DPPH, ONOO-, and total ROS scavenging method, MPBL showed good antioxidant potentiality with the IC50 value of 16.33±1.02, 25.16±0.61 , and 41.72±0.48 µg/ml, respectively with a significant (p<0.05) good reducing power. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggested that MPBLhas strong analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, conforming the traditional use of this plant for inflammatory pain alleviation to its antioxidant potentiality.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_16_54cb0f98a7ee0e5768a3b2253dfac9cb.pdf
2013-03-01
112
125
10.22038/ajp.2013.16
Analgesic
Antioxidant
Anti-inflammatory
Piper betle
Badrul
Alam
1
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Fahima
Akter
2
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Nahida
Parvin
3
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Rashna
Sharmin Pia
4
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Sharmin
Akter
5
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Jesmin
Chowdhury
6
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Kazi
Sifath-E-Jahan
7
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Ekramul Haque
Haque
haque_md.ekramul@yahoo.com
8
Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
LEAD_AUTHOR
Adzu B, Amos S, Kapu SD, Gamaniel KS. 2003. Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of Sphaeranthus senegalensis. J Ethnopharmacol,84: 169-174.
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66
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Phytochemical screening and evaluation of Monechma ciliatum (black mahlab) seed extracts as antimicrobial agents
Objective: Tribes in Nubia Mountains regions of Sudan used Monechma ciliatum seeds for common cold and other chest allergic conditions as a traditional medicine. The aim of this paper is to validate this traditional practice scientifically. Materials and Methods: Monechma ciliatum seeds were screened for major phytochemical groups using standard methods. Different extracts were bioassayed in- vitro for their bioactivity to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Results: Phytochemical screening results showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, triterpens, and anthraquinones. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be sensitive to both water extract with zones of inhibition 22 – 26 mm at concentrations of 50 and 100mg/ml and ethanol extract 17 mm at concentration of 100 mg/ml. The growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited by ethanol extract with zones of inhibition equal to 16, 26, and 33 mm at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/ml, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was insensitive to all extracts used. Similarly, all used fungi were found to be insensitive to extracts used. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts against microorganisms were ranged from 12.5 to 25 mg/ml. Conclusion: The findings of the current study support the traditional uses of the plant's seed in the therapy of respiratory tract infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_232_c2c7976c585cd44704c8d5992e4d7822.pdf
2013-03-01
126
134
10.22038/ajp.2013.232
Bacteria
Extract
Fungi
Monechma ciliatum Seeds
Murtada
Ahmed Oshi
oshipharm@hotmail.com
1
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdelkarim
Mohmmed Abdelkarim
2
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
AUTHOR
Ahmed I, Agil F, Owais M. 2006. Modern Phytomedicine: Turning Medicinal Plants into Drugs, pp. 200, Wieleyvch Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
1
Anas K, Jayasree PR, Vijayakumar T, Manish- Kumar PR. 2008. In- vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava Linn leaf extract on clinical isolates of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Indian J Exp Biol, 46: 41- 46.
2
Ayoub SM. 1981. Component fatty acids from the oils from Monechma ciliatum. Fitoterapia, 2: 251- 253.
3
Harvey RA, Champe PC. 2000. Pharmacology, pp.337, New York, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
4
Hassan SA, Sirat HM, Sakina M, Yagi A, Waleed SK et al. 2011. In vitro Antimicrobial activities of chloroformic, hexane and ethanolic extracts of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (Wild melon). J Med. Plants Res, 5: 1338-1344.
5
Fabry W, Okemo P, Ansorg R. 1996. Fungistatic and fungicidal activity of East African medicinal plants. Mycoses, 39: 67-70.
6
Fathi E, Sefidkon F. 2012. Influence of Drying and Extraction Methods on Yield and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Eucalyptus sargentii. J Agri Sci and Tech, 14: 1035-1042.
7
Jonathan SG, Fasidi IO. 2003. Antimicrobial activities of two Nigerian Edible Macro- Fungi Lycoperdon pusilum (Bat. Ex) and L.giganteum. Afr J of Biomed Res, 6: 85- 90.
8
Kumar P, Clark M. 2002. Basic Clinical Medicine, pp. 21, London W.B. Saunders, by path press Limited.
9
Lopez CM, Nitisinprasert S, Wanchaitanawong P, Poovarodom N. 2003.Antimicrobial activity of medicinal plant extract against food borne spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. Kasetsart J Nat Sci, 37: 460-467.
10
Mariod AA, Aseel KM, Mustafa AA, Ibrahim S. 2009. Characterization of the Seed Oil and Meal from Monechma ciliatum and Prunus mahaleb Seeds. J Am Oil Chem Soc, 86: 749-755.
11
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12
Omolola O. 2011. The Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa From Septic Sore Using Some Biological Tests. Int J Food Safety, 13: 188-190.
13
Padmanabhan P, Jangle SN. 2012. Evaluation of in- vitro anti- inflammatory activity of herbal preparation, a combination of four medicinal plants. Int J App Basic Med Res, 2: 109-116.
14
Sheng GW, Hua JD, Hui YM, Min SH, Bo LI. 2012. Mechanisms, clinically curative effects and antifungal activities of cinnamon oil and pogostemon oil complex against three species of Candida. J Trad Chinese Med, 32: 1-2.
15
Sofowora A. 1993. Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa, pp. 289, Ibadan, Spectrum Books Ltd., Sunshine House.
16
Tatiya A, Tapadiya G, Kotecha S, Surana S. 2011. Effect of solvents on total phenolics, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Bridelia retusa Spreng stem bark. Indian J Nat Pro and Res, 2: 442-447.
17
Uguru MO, Evan F. 2002. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on Monechma ciliatum. J Ethnopharmacol, 73: 289- 292.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Foeniculum vulgare ethanol extract on osteogenesis in human mecenchymal stem cells
Objective: Osteoporosis or silent disease is a major bone disorder in elderly women in current century. Estrogen has an important role in osteogenesis and prevention of bone fractures. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is usually accompanied by such effects as breast and ovary cancers. Thus, there is an increasing demand for replacement with plant phytoestrogens. This study is focused on determining the effects of Foeniculum vulgare extract on proliferation and osteogenesis progress in human mesenchymal stem cells. Material and Methods: Human mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and treated with different amount of plant extracts (0.5 to 100 µg/ml). Extract cytotoxicity was measured using MTT assay. The alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity was measured to evaluate the differentiation progress. Results: Results of MTT assay and alkaline phosphatase activity showed that Foeniculum vulgare extract, at range of 5 to 50 µg/ml, may positively affect cell proliferation and mineralization. The most proliferation and enzyme activity were seen with dose of 5 µg/ml. Conclusions: Foeniculum vulgare has been used in Iranian folk medicine for many years. Our in vitro study showed that Foeniculum vulgare extract has osteoprotective effects.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3_cac82024147d1bb192e88b9a187b92b8.pdf
2013-03-01
135
142
10.22038/ajp.2013.3
Alkaline phosphatase
Foeniculum vulgare
Osteogenesis
Proliferation
Zahra
Mahmoudi
1
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of New Technologies and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Masoud
Soleimani
Soleimani.masoud@gmail.com
2
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbas
saidi
3
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of New Technologies and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Khamisipour
4
Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Boushehr University of Medical Science, Boushehr, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Arezoo
Azizsoltani
5
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamedan, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Adams M, Gmünder F, et al. 2007. Plants traditionally used in age related brain disorders-A survey of ethnobotanical literature. J Ethnopharmacol, 113: 363-381.
1
Amjad H. and Jafary HA. 2000. Foeniculum vulgare therapy in irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol, 95: 2491.
2
Bhargavan B, Gautam AK, et al. 2009. Methoxylated isoflavones, cajanin and isoformononetin, have non-estrogenic bone forming effect via differential mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. J Cell Biochem, 108: 388-399.
3
Choi EM and Hwang JK. 2004. Antiinflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of the fruit of Foeniculum vulgare. Fitoterapia, 75: 557-565.
4
Christensen C , Christensen MS, et al. 1982. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Estrogen Effect on Bone Metabolism. Dose-Response Relationships in Early Postmenopausal Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 55: 1124-1130.
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6
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8
Jaffary F, Ghannadi A, Najafzadeh H, et al. 2006. Evaluation of the Prophylactic Effect of Fennel Essential Oil Experimental Osteoporosis Model in Rats. Int J Pharmacol,2: 588-592.
9
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12
Meunier PJ, Delmas PD, et al. 1999 . Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: Clinical guidelines. Clinl Ther, 21: 1025-1044.
13
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14
Namavar Jahromi B, Tartifizadeh A, et al . 2003. Comparison of fennel and mefenamic acid for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Int J Gynecol Obstet, 2: 80: 153.
15
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16
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17
Oktay M, Gülçin İ, et al. 2003. Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed extracts. LWT - Food Sci Technol, 36: 263-271.
18
Ostad SN, Soodi M, et al. 2001. The effect of Fennel essential oil on urine contraction as a model for dysmenorrhea, pharmacology and toxicology study. J Ethnopharmacol, 76: 299-304.
19
Özbek H, Uğraş S, et al. 2003. Hepatoprotective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil. Fitoterapia, 74: 317-319.
20
Peretz A, Moris M, et al. 1996. Is bone alkaline phosphatase an adequate marker of bone metabolism during acute corticosteroid treatment? Clin Chem, 42: 102-103.
21
Rather M, Dar AB, et al. 2012. Foeniculum vulgare: A comprehensive review of its traditional use,phytochemistry, pharmacology, and safety. Arab J Chem, Article in press.
22
Rubin C, Turner AS, et al. 2001. Anabolism: Low mechanical signals strengthen long bones. Nature, 412: 603-604.
23
Setchell KD, Lydeking-Olsen E. 2003. Dietary phytoestrogens and their effect on bone: evidence from in vitro and in vivo, human observational, and dietary intervention studies. Am J Clin Nutr, 78: 593-609.
24
Singh G, Maurya S, et al. 2006. Chemical constituents, antifungal and antioxidative potential of Foeniculum vulgare volatile oil and its acetone extract. Food Control, 17: 745-752.
25
Suh SJ, Yun WS , et al. 2007. Stimulative effects of Ulmus davidiana Planch (Ulmaceae) on osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. J Ethnopharmacol, 109: 480-485.
26
Tielens S, Wymeersch F, et al. 2008. Effect of 17β-estradiol on the in vitro differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells into the osteogenic lineage. In Vitro Cell Dev-An, 44: 368-378.
27
Tognolini M, Ballabeni V, et al. 2007. Protective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and anethole in an experimental model of thrombosis. Pharmacol Res, 56: 254-260.
28
Wei Y, Tsai K, et al. 2011. Catechin stimulates osteogenesis by enhancing PP2A activity in human mesenchymal stem cells. Osteoporos Int, 22: 1469-1479.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Histophatologic changes of lung in asthmatic male rats treated with hydro-alcoholic extract of plantago major and theophylline
Objective: Plantago major (P. major) is one of the medicinal crops in the world which has therapeutic properties for treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. Theophylline is commonly used for the treatment of respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of P. majoron lung in asthmatic male rats. Materials and Methods: 32 male adult rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: The control group (C) received normal saline; Asthma (A) group received a normal diet; Asthma group treated with Theophylline (200 mg/kg b.w.) (T); Asthma group which received p.major (100 mg/kg b.w.) (P). Asthma was induced by citric acid, 0.1 mg in form of spraying. The injection of P.major extract and theophylline was administered intraperitoneally for four weeks. At the end of the treatment, all of the rats were sacrificed and lungs were taken out, fixed, and stained with H&E, toluidine blue, and PAS, then histological studies were followed with light microscope. Results: Results showed that, in asthmatic group, the mean number of mast cells was significantly increased (p<0.05). Thickness of alveolar epithelium and accumulation of glycoprotein in airways was increased. Moreover, in some of alveolar sac hemorrhaging was observed. Administration of p.major extract in asthmatic rats restored these changes towards normal group. Conclusion: The present study revealed that P. major compared with theophylline, has a protective effect on lung in asthmatic rats.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4_b363a3ea24b25a9683cf70f0f8d2c5ef.pdf
2013-03-01
143
151
10.22038/ajp.2013.4
Asthma
Lung
male rats
Plantago major
Theophylline
Farah
Farokhi
f.farokhi@urmia.ac.ir
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fereshteh
Khaneshi
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Asthmatic airways and induces human bronchial fibroblasts to produce cytokines. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 108: 430-438.
1
Bartlett NW, Walton RP, Edwards MR, Aniscenko J, Caramori G, Zhu J, Glanville N, Choy KJ, Jourdan P, Burnet J, et al. 2008. Mouse models of rhinovirus-induced disease and exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation. Nat Med, 14: 199-204.
2
Boskabady M, Ouladi MR. 2002. Children's medication regimen Comparison of the effects bronchodilators. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 1:26-21.
3
Boskabady MH, Rakhshandah H, Afiat M, Aelami Z, Amiri S. 2006. Anti tussive effect of Plantago lanceolata in guinea pigs. Iran J Med Sci, 31: 143-146.
4
Boyce JA, Austen KF. 2005. No audible wheezing: nuggets and conundrums from mouse asthma models. J Exp Med, 201: 1869-1873.
5
Duke James. 2001. Handbook of Edible Weeds.CRC Press.p.151.ISBN.
6
Fatemi1 F, Allameh1 A, Khalafi H, Rezaei MB, Seyhoon M. 2010. The effect of essential oils and hydroalcoholic extract of caraway seed on oxidativestress parameters in rats suffering from acute lung inflammation before and after γ-irradiation. Iran J Med Aromatic Plant, 25: 44-49.
7
Galvez M, Cordero MC, Cortes F, Ayus MY. 2003. Cytotixic effect of Plantago spp.on canceralllins. J Ethopharmacol, 88: 125-130.
8
Green, James. 2000. The Herbal Medicine Maker's Handbook: A Home Manual. Chelsea Green Publishing. pp. 3: 14-315.
9
Hellings PW, Kasran A, Liu Z, Vandekerckhove P, Wuyts A. 2003.Interleukin-17 Orchestrates the Granulocyte Influx into Airways after Allergen Inhalation in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 28: 42-50.
10
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11
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12
Makhlogh E, MohseniA, Bagheri B, Fatahian E. 2006. The investigation of the effect of theophylline on the contrast of nephropathy results from the angiography of corner vessels. Med sci Mazandaran, 16: 27-34.
13
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14
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15
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16
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17
Pour Ismail Z, Shouri BidgoliR, Zaragari E. 2009. The effect of the suspension the plantago's leaf in prevention of the inflammation of mouth which is the result of the chemotherapy. J med sci Shahid Beheshti Univ, 3: 175-179
18
Pouraboli I, Hajizadeh S, Najafipour H, Khoshbaten A, Rasaei M. 2008. Does PGE2 mediate indomethacin and theophylline effects on joint diameter and vascular response to saphenous nerve stimulationin chronically inflamed rat knee joint. Physiol Pharmacol, 12: 68 - 75
19
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20
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21
Samuelsen AB. 2000. The traditionaluses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Plantago major L. Rev J Ethnopharmacol, 71: 1-21.
22
Sanati A, Sadegiyan H. 2009. Theophylline effects in patients with syndrome x. J Med Sci Tehran, 3: 20-23
23
Scordamaglia A, Ciprandi G, Ruffoni S. 1988. Theophylline and the immune response: in vitro and in vivo effects. Clin Immunol Immunopathol, 48: 238-246.
24
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25
Sohrabi M, Alaedini A, Javanbakht M, Sarban M, Marandi P. 2009. The approach of exchanging and spectrophotometry to analyze Hemezman teophillin and gabaphizin in drug formulation. Appl chem publication, 9: 15-20.
26
Sullivan P, Bekir S, Jaffar Z, Page C, Jeffery P, Costello J. 1994. Anti-inflammatory effects of low-dose oral theophylline in atopic asthma. Lancet.343:1006-1008.
27
Tilford M, Gregory L. 1997. Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West . Mountain Press. p. 112.
28
Tilford Gregory L and Gladstar Rosemary . 1998. From Earth to Herbalist Conscious Guide to Medicinal Plants. Mountain Press. p. 160.
29
Velasco-Lezama R, Tapia Aguilar R, Roman-Ramos R, Vega-Avila E, Perez-Gutiierrez Ma. 2006. Effect of Plantago major on cell proliferation in vitro .J Ethnopharmacol, 103: 36-42.
30
Wagelie steffen AL, Kavanaugh AF, Wasserman IS. 2006 .Biologic Therapies for the Treatmentof Asthma. Clin Chest Med, 103: 36-42
31
Welton AF and Simko BA. 1980. Regulatory role of adenosine in antigen-induced histamine release from the lung tissue of actively sensitized guinea pigs. Biochem Pharmacol, 29: 1085-1092.
32
Zhou Y, McLane M, Levitt RC. 2001. Th2 cytokines and asthma. Interleukin-9 as a therapeutictarget for asthma. Respir Res, 2: 80-84.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Nigella sativa on the kidney function in rats
Objectives: Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is an amazing herb which is used in traditional medicine for a wide range of illnesses including bronchial asthma, dysentery, gastrointestinal problems, as well as beneficial effect on blood lipids, lowering blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides level. This study aimed to determine the toxic effect of N. sativa powder on the kidney function which was evaluated by serum urea and creatinine and through histopathological examination of kidney tissue. Methods and Materials: In this study, 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (six each). The rats were kept in the separate cage with three rats per cage. The treatment groups were given rat pellet containing N. sativa dose at 0.01, 0.10, and 1.00 g/kg body weight which were considered as low, normal, and high dose for five weeks while control group fed with rat chow pellet without supplementation. At the end of 35 days, the rats were sacrificed to take the blood sample and to remove the kidney organ for toxicity evaluation. Statistical analyses were done through one-way ANOVA using SPSS. Results: The finding revealed that there was no significant difference in serum urea of treatment groups compared with the control group. The results showed a significant decline in serum creatinine of high dose of Nigella sativa treated compared with low dose treated and control groups (p<0.05). Histopathological examination of kidney tissue showed normal kidney architecture with no tissue degeneration, inflammation, necrosis, and tubular dilation in all groups. Conclusion: With the evidence of normal urea and creatinine level in blood and normal kidney tissue in histology examination for all treatment groups, it is suggested that there is no toxic effect on kidney function of Nigella sativa at different doses for five-week period.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_5_cbd772c4f7947d623a2398176c2938f5.pdf
2013-03-01
152
158
10.22038/ajp.2013.5
Kidney
Nigella Sativa
Rat
Toxicity
Mohammad
Aziz Dollah
1
Department of Biomedical, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia
AUTHOR
Saadat
Parhizkar
parhizkarsa@gmail.com
2
Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences (YUMS), I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Izwan
3
Department of Biomedical, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia
AUTHOR
Al Ameen NM, Altubaigy F. Jahangir T. Mahday IA, Esmaeel Abdurrahman Mohammed EA and Musa OAA. 2011. Effect of Nigella sativa and bee honey on pulmonary, hepatic and renal function in Sudanese in Khartoum state. J Med Plant Res, 5: 6857-6863.
1
Al-Ghamdi MS. 2003. Protective effect of Nigella sativa seeds against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage. Am J Chin Med, 31:721-728.
2
Ali BH and Blunden G. 2003. Pharmacological and toxicological peroperties of Nigella Sativa. J Phytotherapy Res, 17: 299-305.
3
Al Mofleh IA, Alhaider AA, Mossa JS, Al-Sohaibani MO, Al-Yahya MA, Rafatullah S, Shaik SA. 2008. Gastroprotective effect of an aqueous suspension of black cumin Nigella sativa on necrotizing agents-induced gastric injury in experimental animals. Saudi J Gastroenterol, 14: 128-134.
4
Anwar MA. 2005. Nigella sativa: A bibliometric study of the literature on Habbatul-Barakah. Malays J Libr Inf Sci. 10: 1-18.
5
Babazadeh B, Sadeghnia HR, Safarpour Kapurchal E, Parsaee H, Nasri S. and Tayarani-Najaran Z. 2012. Protective effect of Nigella sativa and thymoquinone on serum/glucose deprivation-induced DNA damage in PC12 cells, Avicenna J Phytomed. 2: 125-132.
6
Boskabady MH, Kiani S, Jandaghi P. 2004. Stimulatory Effect of Nigella Sativa On Β2-Adrenoceptors Of Guinea Pig Tracheal Chains. Med J Islamic Rep Iran, 18: 153-158.
7
Boskabady MH and Sheiravi N. 2002. Inhibitory effect of Nigella sativa on histamine (H1) receptors of isolated guinea pig tracheal chains. Pharmaceut Biol, 40: 596-602.
8
Boskabady MH, Keyhanmanesh R, Khameneh S, Doostdar Y, Khakzad MR. 2011. Potential immunomodulation effect of the extract of Nigella sativa on ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 12: 201-209.
9
El-Dakhakhny M, Barakat M, and El-Halim MA. 2000. Effect of Nigella Sativa oil on gastric secretion and ethnol-induced ulcer in rats. J Ethnopharmacol, 72: 299-304.
10
EL-Kholy WM, Hassan HA, Nour SE, Abe Elmageed ZE, Matrougui K. 2009. Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella sativa and bees’ honey on hepatotoxicity induced by administration of sodium nitrite and sunset yellow. FASEB J, 23: 733.
11
Hanafy MS, and Hatem ME. 1991. Studies on the anti-microbial activity of the Nigella Sativa seed (Black Cumin). J Ethnopharmacol, 34: 275-278.
12
Hernández-Ceruelos A, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, and de la Cruz C. 2002. Inhibitory effect of chamomile essential oil on the sister chromatid exchanges induced by daunorubicin and methyl methanesulfonate in mouse bone marrow. Toxicol let, 135: 103-110.
13
Kanter M, Meral I, Yener Z, Ozbek H, Demir H. 2003. Partial regeneration/proliferation of the beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans by Nigella sativa L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Tohoku J Exp Med, 201: 213-219.
14
Le PM, Benhaddou AA, Settaf A, Cherrah Y, Haddad PS. 2004. The petroleum ether extract of Nigella sativa exerts lipid lowering action in the rats. J Ethanopharmacol, 94: 251-259.
15
Parhizkar S, Latiff L, Rahman S, Dollah MA. 2011. Assessing estrogenic activity of Nigella sativa in ovariectomized rats using vaginal cornification assay. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol, 5: 137-142.
16
Rakhshandeh H, Vahdati-Mashhadian N, and khajekaramadini M. 2011. In vitro and in vivo study of the antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa methanol extract in dairy cow mastitis, Avicenna J Phytomed, 1: 29-35.
17
Schwartsmann G, Ratain MJ, Cragg GM, Wong JE, Saijo N, Parkinson DR, Fujiwara Y, Pazdur R, Newman DJ, Dagher R, and Di Leone L. 2002. Anticancer Drug Discovery and Development throughout the World. J Clin Oncol, 20: 47s-59s.
18
Tortora GJ and Derrickson B. 2006. Liver and gallbladder. In Principle of Anatomy and Physiology, 11th ed. pp918-921. United States of America: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
19
Treasure J. 2003. Urtica semen reduces serum creatinine levels. J Am Herbal Guild, 4: 22-25.
20
Turkdogan MK, Agaoglu Z, Yener Z, Sekeroglu R, Akkan HA, and Avci ME. 2001. The role of antioxidant vitamins (C and E), selenium and Nigella sativa in the prevention of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in rabbits: new hopes. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 108: 71-73.
21
Walmsley SJ, Broeckling C, Hess A, Prenni J, Curthoys NP. 2010. Proteomic analysis of brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from purified proximal convoluted tubules. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.298: F1323-F1331.
22
Weber DK, Danielson K, Wright S, and Foley JE. 2002. Hematology and serum biochemistry values of dusky-footed wood rat (neotoma fuscipes). J Wildlife Dis, 38: 576–582.
23
Zaoui A, Cherrah Y, Lacaille-Dubois MA, Settaf A, Amarouch H, and Hassar M. 2000. Diuretic and hypotensive effects of Nigella sativa in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Therapie, 55: 379-382.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Crataegus monogyna fruit aqueous extract as a protective agent against doxorubicin-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats
Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad spectrum chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of several malignancies. The use of DOX in clinical chemotherapy has been restricted due to its diverse toxicities, including reproductive toxicity. Crataegus monogyna (C. monogyna) is one of the oldest medicinal plants that have been shown to be cytoprotective because of scavenging free radicals. The present study was undertaken to determine whether C. monogyna fruits aqueous extract could serve as a protective agent against reproductive toxicity during DOX treatment in a rat model through antioxidant-mediated mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were allocated to four groups. Two groups of rats were treated with DOX at a dose of 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 (accumulated dose of 20 mg/kg). One of the groups received C. monogyna fruits aqueous extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg per day orally for 28 days along with DOX. A vehicle-treated control group and a C. monogyna control group were also included. Results: The DOX-treated group showed significant decreases in the body and organ weights and spermatogenic activities as well as many histological alterations. DOX treatment also caused a significant decrease in sperm count and motility with an increase in dead and abnormal sperms. Moreover, significant decrease in serum levels of testosterone and increased serum concentrations of FSH, LH, LDH, CPK, and SGOT were observed in DOX-treated rats. Notably, Crataegus co-administration caused a partial recovery in above-mentioned parameters. Conclusion: These findings indicated that doxorubicin can adversely damage the testicular tissue, while Crataegus co-administrationcould effectively prevent these adverse effects by effective inhibiting oxidative processes and restoration of antioxidant defense system.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_238_fe348887cadc86447a8c88a9a28aefca.pdf
2013-03-01
159
170
10.22038/ajp.2013.238
Crataegus monogyna
Doxorubicin
Reproductive Toxicity
Ali
Shalizar Jalali
a.shalizar@urmia.ac.ir
1
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shapour
Hasanzadeh
2
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Agarwal A, Saleh RA. 2002. Role of oxidants in male infertility: rationale, significance, and treatment. Urol Clin North Am, 29: 817-827. Atessahin AI, Karahan G, Turk S, Yilmaz S, Ceribasi AO. 2006a. Protective role of lycopene on cisplatin induced changes in sperm characteristics, testicular damage and oxidative stress in rats. Reprod Toxicol, 21: 42-47.
1
Atessahin A, Turk G, Karahan I, Yilmaz S, Ceribasi AO, Bulmus O. 2006b. Lycopene prevents adriamycin-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Fertil Steril, 85: 1216-1222.
2
Bahorun T, Trotin F, Pommery J, Vasseur J, Pinkas M. 1994. Antioxidant activities of Crataegus monogyna extracts. Planta Medica, 60: 323-328.
3
Bahorun T, Gressier B, Trotin F, Brunet C, Dine T, Luyckx M, Vasseur J, Cazin M, Cazin JC, Pinkas M. 1996. Oxygen species scavenging activity of phenolic extracts from hawthorn fresh plant organs and pharmaceutical preparations. Arzneimittel-forschung, 46: 1086-1089.
4
Bechter R, Haebler R, Ettlin RA, Haseman JK, Dixon RL. 1987. Differential susceptibility of immature rat testes to doxorubicin at critical stages of maturation. Arch Toxicol, 60: 415-421. Bergmann M, Behre HM, Nieschlag E. 1994. Serum FSH and testicular morphology in male infertility. Clin Endocrinol, 40: 133-136.
5
Damani MN, Masters V, Meng MV, Burgess P, Turek M, Oates RD. 2002. Postchemotherapy ejaculatory azoospermia: fatherhood with sperm from testis tissue with intracytoplasmic sperm injection. J Clin Oncol, 20: 930-936.
6
Debnath D, Mandal TK. 2000. Study of quinalphos (an environmental oestrogenic insecticide) formulation (Ekalux 25 E.C.)-induced damage of the testicular tissues and antioxidant defence systems in Sprague- Dawley albino rats. J Appl Toxicol, 20: 197-204.
7
Elango C, Jayachandaran KS, Devaraj SN. 2009. Hawthorn extract reduces infarct volume and improves neurological score by reducing oxidative stress in rat brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Int J Dev Neurosci, 27: 799-803.
8
França LR, Russel LD. 1998. The testis of domestic animals. In: Male reproduction; a multidisciplinary overview, pp. 198-219, Madrid, Churchill Communications.
9
Hacker-Klom UB, Meistrich ML, Gohde W. 1986. Effect of doxorubicin and 4'-epi-doxorubicin on mouse spermatogenesis. Mutat Res, 160: 39-46.
10
Hosseinimehr SJ, Azadbakht M, Jahan Abadi A. 2008. Protective effect of hawthorn extract against genotoxicity induced bycyclophosphamide in mouse bone marrow cells. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 25: 51-56.
11
Hou M, Chrysis D, Nurmio M, Parvinen M, Eksborg S, Söder O, Jahnukainen K. 2005. Doxorubicin induces apoptosis in germ line stem cells in the immature rat testis and amifostine cannot protect against this cytotoxicity. Cancer Res, 65: 9999-10005.
12
Howell SJ, Shalet SM. 2001. Testicular function following chemotherapy. Hum Reprod Update, 7: 363-369.
13
Imahie H, Adachi T, Nakagawa Y, Nagasaki T, Yamamura T, Hori M. 1995. Effects of adriamycin, an anticancer drug showing testicular toxicity, on fertility in male rats. J Toxicol Sci, 20:183-193.
14
Jahnukainen K, Hou M, Parvinen M, Eksborg S, Söder O. 2000. Stage-specific inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and induction of apoptosis by antracyclines in cultured rat spermatogenic cells. Biol Reprod, 63: 482-487.
15
Jequier AM. 2000. Primary testicular Disease: a Common Cause of Male Infertility. In: Male Infertility, pp. 121-124, London, Blackwell Science.
16
Kang, J, Lee Y, No K, Jung E, Sung J, Kim Y, Nam S. 2002. Ginseng intestinal metabolite-I (GIM-I) reduces doxorubicin toxicity in the mouse testis. Reprod Toxicol, 16: 291-298.
17
Kato M, Makino S, Kimura H, Ota T, Furuhashi T, Nagamura Y. 2001. Sperm motion analysis in rats treated with adriamycin and its applicability to male reproductive toxicity studies. J Toxicol Sci, 26: 51-59.
18
Katoh C, Kitajima S, Saga Y, Kanno J, Horii I, Inoue T. 2002. Assessment of quantitative dual-parameter flow cytometric analysis for the evaluation of testicular toxicity using cyclophosphamide- and ethinylestradiol-treated rats. J Toxicol Sci, 27: 87-96.
19
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55
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Carthamus tinctorius L. on the ovarian histomorphology and the female reproductive hormones in mice
Objective: Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower) is a member of the asteraceae family which had been classified as a fertility regulator in the traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate its possible effects on the ovarian histomorphology and the levels of female reproductive hormones in the mice. Materials and Methods: Sixty adult female Balb/C mice were selected and randomly divided into one control and three experimental groups (n= 15). The control group received only distilled water, while experimental groups were administered intraperitoneally C. tinctorius extract at doses of 0.7, 1.4, and 2.8 mg/kg/day for 49 consecutive days. In the end of experiments, blood samples were collected and the sera were analyzed for the levels of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone. Ovarian tissue samples were also taken and histomorphological changes of the ovaries were examined using optical microscope. The quantitative results were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. Results: The present findings showed that treatment with different concentrations of C. tinctorius extract reduced the number of ovarian follicles but number of atretic follicles showed an increase. The number and size of the corpora lutea were not affected by extract administration. In addition, in the treated mice with C. tinctorius extract, the thickness of the tunica albuginea was increased but the relative and absolute weights of the ovaries decreased significantly. Furthermore, the blood levels of the FSH and estrogen were decreased in the three experimental groups compared with those of the control animals. Conclusion: The present findings indicated that treatment with C. tinctorius extract has detrimental effects on the ovarian histomorphology and female reproductive hormones therefore popular consumption of this plant should be reconsidered.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_231_36325e24a364c40f302176f83fc3ca81.pdf
2013-03-01
171
177
10.22038/ajp.2013.231
Carthamus tinctorius
Histomorphology
Mice
Ovary
Reproductive Hormones
Ali
Louei Monfared
alm722@gmail.com
1
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Para-Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilam, Ilam, I.R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amir Parviz
Salati
salatia@gmail.com
2
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Kumar D, Kumar A, Prakash O. 2012. Potential antifertility agents from plants: A comprehensive review. J Ethnopharmacol 140: 1-32.
1
Siddiqi EH, Ashraf M, Hussain M, Jamil A. 2009. Assessment of intercultivar variation for salt tolerance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) using gas exchange characteristics as selection criteria. Pak J Bot, 41: 2251-2559.
2
Elias S, Basil S, Kafka R. 2002. Response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to saline soils and irrigation: I. consumptive water use. Agric water manag, 54: 67.
3
Mass EV. 1986. Salt tolerance of plants. Appl Agric Res, 1: 12-26.
4
Jun MS, Ha YM, Kim HS, Jang HJ, Kim YM, Lee YS, Kim HJ, Seo HG, Lee JH, Lee SH, Chang KC. 2011. Anti-inflammatory action of methanol extract of Carthamus tinctorius involves in heme oxygenase-1 induction. J Ethnopharmacol, 133: 524-530.
5
Loo WT, Cheung MN, Chow LW. 2004. The inhibitory effect of a herbal formula comprising ginseng and Carthamus tinctorius on breast cancer. Life Sci, 76: 191-200.
6
Tien YC, Lin JY, Lai CH, Kuo CH, Lin WY, Tsai CH, Tsai FJ, Cheng YC, Peng WH, Huang CY. 2010. Carthamus tinctorius L. prevents LPS-induced TNF alpha signaling activation and cell apoptosis through JNK 1/2-NF kappa B pathway inhibition in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. J Ethnopharmacol, 130: 505-513.
7
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8
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9
Louei Monfared A, Salati AP. 2012.The effects of Carthamus tinctorius L. on placental histomorphology and survival of the neonates in mice. Avicenna J Med Phytomed, 2: 146-152.
10
Nobakht M, Fattahi M, Hoormand M, Milanian I, Rahbar N, Mahmoudian M. 2000. A study on the teratogenic and cytotoxic effects of safflower extract. J Ethnopharmacol, 73: 453-459.
11
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12
Mirhoseini M, Mohamadpour M, Khorsandi L. 2012.Toxic effects of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower) extract on mouse spermatogenesis. J Assist Reprod Genet, 29: 457-461
13
Chen XW, Serag ES, Sneed KB, Zhou SF. 2011. Herbal bioactivation, molecular targets and the toxicity relevance. Chem Biol Interact, 192:161-176.
14
Eisenberg DM, Davis RB, Ettner SL, Appel S, Wilkey S, Van Rompay M, Kessler RC. 1998. Trend in alternative medicine use in the United State, 1990-1997: results of a follow-up national survey. J Am Med Assoc, 280: 1569-1575.
15
Ernst E. 2002. Herbal medicinal products during pregnancy: are they save? Int J Obstet and Gynaeo, 109: 227-235.
16
Roy SK, Albee L. 2000. Requirement for follicle-stimulating hormone action in the formation of primordial follicles during perinatal ovarian development in the hamster. Endocrinol, 141: 4449-4456.
17
Hsueh AJW, Billig H, Tsafriri A. 1994. Ovarian follicle atresia: a hormonally controlled apoptotic process. Endocr Rev, 15: 707-724.
18
Petyim S, Båge R, Forsberg M and Rodríguez-Martínez H. 2001. Effects of repeated follicular punctures on ovarian morphology and endocrine parameters in dairy heifers. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med, 48: 449-463.
19
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20
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21
Li F, Hai-Yu Z, Man X, Lei Z, Hui G, Jian H, Bao-Rong W, De-An G. 2009. Qualitative evaluation and quantitative determination of 10 major active components in Carthamus tinctorius L. by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector. J Chromat A, 1216: 2063-2070.
22
Yoo HH, Park JH, Kwon SW. 2006. An anti-estrogenic lignin glycoside, tracheloside from seeds of Carthamus tinctorius. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 70: 2783-2785.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects of Curcumin on blood parameters, humoral immunity, and jejunum histology in Hy-line hens
Objective: Turmeric (Curcuma Longa Linn) is a medicinal plant that contains curcumin. There is a growing interest in using curcumin powder (CP) as feed additives for antioxidative and antimicrobial properties to improve human health. This study was conducted to determine the appropriate levels of CP on blood parameters, immunity, and histology of jejunum in hens. Materials and Methods: A total of 200, 58-wk-old Hy-line hens were randomly distributed into 4 treatments (0%, 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% CP or 0, 5, 15, and 25 g/kg feed, respectively) with 5 replicates (10 birds each) for 8 weeks using the completely randomized design. Blood samples were taken from 2 birds per replicate at weeks 61 and 65 to evaluate blood parameters. On weeks 63 and 65, two birds from each replicate received 0.5 ml SRBC (25%) injection in breast muscle and 7 days later, blood samples were collected to evaluate total Ig, IgG, and IgM titers in serum. Two hens were sacrificed at week 65 for the histological study of jejunum. Results: Curcumin reduced triglycerides at 1.5% and 2.5% and cholesterol and LDL at 2.5% (p<0.05). Improvement of total Ig and IgG titers after the 1st and 2nd injections were observed. Muscle thickness in jejunum increased (p<0.05) at 1.5% curcumin and the length and surface area of villus were enhanced as well. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that curcumin can be used as an antioxidant at 1.5% and antilipidemic agent at 2.5% in diet.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_72_82455463c3d438bac4df306956af80d3.pdf
2013-03-01
178
185
10.22038/ajp.2013.72
Curcumin
Humoral immunity
Hypolipidemic Agent
Jejunum Histology
Javad
Arshami
arshami007@gmail.com
1
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Pilevar
2
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Aami
Azghadi
3
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad Reza
Raji
4
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Antony S, Kuttan R, Kutta G. 1999. Immunomodulatory activity of curcumin. Immunol. Invest, 28: 291-303.
1
Arshami J, Ruttle JL. 1988. Effects of diets containing gossypol on spermatogenic tissues of young bulls. Theriogenol,30: 507-516.
2
Arun N, Nalini N. 2002. Efficacy of turmeric on blood sugar and polyol pathway in diabetic albino rats. Plant Food Hum Nut, 57: 41-52.
3
Awad WA, Bohm J, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Zentek J. 2005a. In vitro effects of deoxynivalenol on electrical properties of intestinal mucosa of laying hens. Poult Sci, 84: 921-927.
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8
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10
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11
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12
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13
Kijparkorn S, Angkanaporn K. 2003. Effect of turmeric (Curcuma Longa Linn.) as an antioxidant on immune status and growth performances of stressed broilers. M.Sc. Thesis, The Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Veterinary Science.
14
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15
Lee S-H, Jang S, Kim D, Park M, Ionescu C, Bravo D, Lillehoj H. 2009. Effect of dietary cinnamomum cassia and curcuma longa on Eimeria tenella infection in broiler chickens. Poult Sci Assoc, 98th Annual Meeting.
16
Mohammadi A, Sahebkar A, Iranshahi M, Amini M, Khojasteh R, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Ferns GA. 2012. Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in obese patients: A randomized crossover trial. Phytother Res, 26 (11). ISSN 0951-418X.
17
Nishiyama T, Mae T, Kishida H, Tsukagawa M, Mimaki Y, Kuroda M, Sashida Y, Takahashi K, Kawada T, Nakagawa K, Kitahara M. 2005. Curcuminoids and sesquiterpenoids in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) suppress an increase in blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice. J Agric Food Chem, 53:959-963.
18
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19
Park SY, Kim DS. 2002. Discovery of natural products from Curcuma longa that protect cells from Beta-amyloid Insult: a drug discovery effort against Alzheimer's disease. J Nat Prod, 65: 1227-1231.
20
Pilevar M, Arshami J, Golian A, Basami MR. 2011. Effects of dietary n-6: n-3 ratio on immune and reproductive systems of pullet chicks. Poult Sci, 90: 1758-1766.
21
Platel K, Srinivasan K. 2000. Influence of dietary spices and their active principles on pancreatic digestive enzymes in albino rats. Nahrung, 44: 42-46.
22
Radwan NL, Hassan RA, Qota EM, Fayek HM. 2008. Effect of natural antioxidant on oxidative stability of eggs and productive and reproductive performance of laying hens. Int J Poult Sci, 7: 134-150.
23
Sakamoto T, Danzmann RG, Gharbi K, Howard P, Ozaki A, Kean Khoo S, Woram RA, Okamoto N, Ferguson MM, Holm LE, Guyomard R, Hoyheim B. 2000. A microsatellite linkage map of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) characterized by large sex-specific differences in recombination rates. Genetics, 155: 1331-1345.
24
Shankar TNB, Shantha NV, Ramesh HP. 1980. Toxicity studies on turmeric (Curcuma longa): Acute toxicity studies in rats, guinea pigs & monkeys. Indian J Exp Biol, 18: 73-75.
25
Sharma RA, Gescher AJ, Stewart WP. 2005. Curcumin: the story so far. Eur J Cancer, 41: 1955-1968.
26
Sharma V, Sharma C, Sharma S. 2011. Influence of Curcuma Longa and Curcumin on blood profile in mice subjected to aflatoxin B1. Int J Pharma Sci Res, 2: 1740-1745.
27
Singh RK, Rai D, Yadav D, Bhargava A, Balzarini J, Clercq ED. 2010. Synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral properties of curcumin bioconjugates bearing dipeptide, fatty acids and folic acid. Eur J Med Chem, 45: 1078-1086.
28
South EH, Exon JH, Hendrix K. 1997. Dietary curcumin enhances antibody response in rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 19: 105-119.
29
Srinivasan K. 2005. Spices as influencers of body metabolism: an overview of three decades of research. Food Res Int, 38: 77-86.
30
Srinivasan, M. 1972. Effect of curcumin on blood sugar as seen in a diabetic subject. Indian J Med Sci, 26: 269-270.
31
Toda S, Miyase T, Arichi H, Tanizawa H, Takino Y. 1985. Natural antioxidant III. Antioxidative components isolated from rhizome of Curcuma longa L. Chem and Pharma Bull, 33: 1725-1728.
32
Wuthi-Udomler M, Grisanapan W, Luanratana O, Caichompoo W. 2000. Anti-fungal activities of plant extracts. South East Asian J Trop Med Public Health,31 Suppl, 1: 178-182.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analgesic effect of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of clove
Objective: The beneficial effects of clove on toothache have been well documented. We have also previously shown the analgesic effects of clove essential oil. The present work was done to investigate the analgesic effects of the aqueous extract of clove using hot plate test. The possible role of opioid receptors in the analgesic effects of clove was also investigated using naloxone. Materials and Methods: Ninety male mice were divided into nine groups: (1) Saline, (2-4) Aaqueous (Aq 50, Aq 100, and Aq 200) groups which were treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of aqueous extract of clove, respectively, (5-7) Ethanolic (Eth 50, Eth 100, and Eth 200) groups which were treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of clove, respectively, and (8-9) Aq 100- Naloxone and Aq 200- Naloxone which were pretreated with 4 mg/kg of naloxone before injection of 100 or 200 mg/kg of the aqueous extract. The hot plate test was performed as a base record 10 min before injection of drugs and consequently repeated every 10 minutes after the injection. Results: The maximal percent effect (MPE) in the animal groups treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of aqueous extract was significantly higher than the control group. Pretreatment with naloxone reduced the analgesic effects of both 100 and 200 mg/kg of the aqueous extract. Administration of all three doses of the ethanloic extract also non-significantly increased the MPE. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that aqueous extract of clove has analgesic effect in mice demonstrated by hot plate test which is reversible by naloxone. The role of opioid system in the analgesic effect of clove might be suggested. However, more investigations are needed to elucidate the exact mechanism(s).
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_17_5796b7f53d7bda6e3e311316a7575e0d.pdf
2013-03-01
186
192
10.22038/ajp.2013.17
Analgesia
Clove
Extract
Hot plate
Mice
Naloxone
Mina
Kamkar Asl
1
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ashraf
Nazariborun
2
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Hosseini
Hosseinim@mums.ac.ir
3
Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Anderson WG, McKinley RS, Colavecchia M. 1997. The use of clove oil as an anesthetic for rainbow trout and its effects on swimming performance. N Am J Fish Manag, 17: 301-307.
1
Aoshima H, Hamamoto K. 1999. Potentiation of GABAA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes by perfume and phytoncid. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 63: 743-748.
2
Arung ET, Matsubara E, Kusuma IW, Sukaton E, Shimizu K, Kondo R. 2011. Inhibitory components from the buds of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) on melanin formation in B16 melanoma cells. Fitoterapia, 82: 198-202.
3
Avicenna A. 1988. In: Ghanoon dar Teb. Soroosh, Tehran, 244-251.
4
Baytop T. 1999. Therapy with medicinal plants in Turkey (Past and Present). No. 3255 (2nd ed., pp. 244-245). Istanbul: Publications of the Istanbul University.
5
Cai L, Wu CD. 1996. Compounds from Syzygium aromaticum possessing growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogens. J Nat Prod, 59: 987-990.
6
Chaieb K, Hajlaoui H, Zmantar T, Kahla Nakbi AB, Rouabhia M, Mahdouani K, Bakhrouf A. 2007. The chemical composition and biological activity of clove essential oil, Eugenia caryophyllata (Syzigium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): a short review. Phytother Res, 21: 501-506.
7
Cho JS, Kim TH, Lim JM, Song JH. 2008. Effects of eugenol on Na+ currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Brain Res, 1243: 53-62.
8
Dallmeier K, Carlini EA. 1981. Anesthetic, hypothermic, myorelaxant and anticonvulsant effects of synthetic eugenol derivatives and natural analogues. Pharmacol Pharmacol, 22: 113-127.
9
Damiani CEN, Rossoni LV, Vassallo DV. 2003. Vasorelaxant effects of eugenol on rat thoracic aorta. Vasc pharmacol, 40: 59-66.
10
Daniel AN, Sartoretto SM, Schmidt G, Caparroz-Assef SM, Bersani-Amado CA, Cuman R KN. 2009. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities A of eugenol essential oil in experimental animal models. Rev Bras Farmacogn, 19: 212-217.
11
Diaz MR, Sembrano JM. 1985. A comparative study of the efficacy of garlic and eugenol as palliative agents against dental pain of pulpal origin. J Philipp Dent Assoc, 35: 3-10.
12
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Urtica dioica leaf extract in animal models
Objective: This study was aimed to examine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Urtica dioica leaf extract in animal models. Materials and Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of the plant leaves was prepared by percolation method. Male Swiss mice (25-35 g) and male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were randomly distributed in control, standard drug, and three experimental groups (n=6 in each group). Acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin test, and carrageenan-induced paw edema were used to assess the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. Results: The extract dose-dependently reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal twitches. In formalin test, the extract at any of applied doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) could not suppress the licking behavior of first phase while doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly inhibited the second phase of formalin test. In carrageenan test, the extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg significantly inhibited the paw edema by 26%. Conclusion: The results confirm the folkloric use of the plant extract in painful and inflammatory conditions. Further studies are needed to characterize the active constituents and the mechanism of action of the plant extract.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_73_1fd2d1a7252a5645545880390eda1ba9.pdf
2013-03-01
193
200
10.22038/ajp.2013.73
Anti-inflammatory
Antinociceptive
Extract
Urtica dioica
Valiollah
Hajhashemi
vhajhashemi@gmail.com
1
Department of Pharmacology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vahid
Klooshani
2
Department of Pharmacology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
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