ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Malus domestica fruit extract from Kashan area
Objective: Many species of plants present noticeable potency against human bacterial and fungal pathogens. Materials and Methods: In the current study, antimicrobial activity of the fresh fruits of 4 cultivars (A to D) of Malus domestica cultivated in the Qamsar area of Kashan, Iranwas investigated. The disk diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluation antimicrobial activity tests were performed. Results: The samples showed moderate antimicrobial activities with inhibition zones from 11 to 16 mm in these tests. Cultivar D with inhibition zones of 16, 14, and 12 mm for E. coli, S. epidermidis and K. pneumoniae, respectively exhibited the best results in these tests. Cultivar A also showed a zone of inhibition of 11 mm against P. aerouginosa. Conclusion: Moderate antimicrobial activities were observed for the studied apple cultivars.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_6_a8cc4fb23fb60c35b3815eca9040d468.pdf
2012-12-01
1
6
10.22038/ajp.2012.6
Apple
Antimicrobial
Extract
Malus domestica
Sara
Jelodarian
sjelodarian@yahoo.com
1
Department of Hortiscience, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdolrasoul
Haghir Ebrahimabadi
2
Essential Oils Research Institute, University of Kashan, Kashan, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Fereshteh
Jookar Kashi
3
Department of Hortiscience, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Alberto MR, Canavosio MAR, De nadra MCM. 2006. Antimicrobial effect of polyphenols from apple skins on human bacterial pathogens. Electronic J Biotechnol, 9: 3.
1
Alberto MR, Farías ME, Manca De Nadra, M. C. 2002. Effect of wine phenolic compounds on Lactobacillus hilgardii 5w viability. J Food Prot, 65: 211-213.
2
Alberto MR, Gómez-Cordovés C, Manca De Nadra MC. 2004. Metabolism of gallic acid and catechin by Lactobacillus hilgardii from wine. J Agri Food Chem, 52: 6465-6469.
3
Alberto MR, Farías ME, and Manca De Nadra MC. 2001. Effect of gallic acid and catechin on Lactobacillus hilgardii 5w growth and metabolism of organic compounds. J Agri Food Chem, 49: 4359-4363.
4
Ceylan E, Fung DYC, and Sabah JR. 2004. Antimicrobial activity and synergistic effect of cinnamon with sodium benzoate or potassium sorbate in controlling Escherichia coli O157:H7 in apple juice. J Food Sci, 69: 102-106.
5
Gulluce M, Sokmen M, Sahin F, Sokmen A, Adiguzel A, Ozer H. 2004 Biological activities of the essential oil and methanolic extract of Micromeria fruticosa (L) Druce ssp. Serpyllifolia (Bieb) PH Davis plants from the eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. J Sci Food Agric, 84: 735-741.
6
Harris LJ, Farber JN, Beuchat LR, Parish ME, Suslow TV, Garrett EH, et al. 2003. Outbreaks associated with fresh produce: Incidence, growth, and survival of pathogens in fresh and fresh-cut produce. In Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety pp. 78-141. Iowa: Blackwell Publishing Professional.
7
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8
Jeong MR, Kim HY, and Jeong-Dan Cha JD. 2009. Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from Ficus carica leaves against oral bacteria. J Bacteriol Virol, 39: 97 – 102.
9
Miller LG, and Kaspar CW. 1994. Escherichia coli O157:H7 acid tolerance and survival in apple cider. J Food Prot, 57: 460-464.
10
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11
Raybaudi-Massilia R, Mosqueda-Melgar J, and Martín-Belloso O. 2006. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils on Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua in fruit juices. J Food Prot. 69: 1579-1586.
12
Raybaudi-Massllia R, Osqueda-Melgar J, Martin-Belloso O. 2009. Antimicrobial activity of malic acid against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterritidis and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in apple, pear and melon juices. Food Control, 20: 105-112.
13
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14
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15
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16
NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards). 1997. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Test, sixth ed. Approved Standard. M2-A6, Wayne, PA.
17
Vaya J, Mahmood S. 2006. Flavonoid content in leaf extracts of the fig (Ficus carica L.), carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) and pistachio (Pistacia lentiscus L.). Biofactors, 28. 169-175.
18
Yigit D, yigit N, and Mavi A. 2009. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of bitter and sweet apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) kernels. Braz J Med Biol Res, 42: 346-352.
19
Xiangyang Qi. 2003. Study on antibacterial effect of apple-polyphenol extracts. Food Sci, 05.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
In vitro capacity and in vivo antioxidant potency of sedimental extract of Tinospora cordifolia in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes
Objective: The role of herbs against the free radicals have been put forth recently in combating many diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the in vitro capacity and in vivo antioxidant properties of sedimental extract of Tinospora cordifolia (SETc). Materials and Methods: SETcwas subjected to in vitro chemical analysis such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion radicals scavenging respectively and finally drugs reductive ability in order to elucidate the antioxidant capacity of the test drug before introducing it into the biological membrane. The resulting capacity was evaluated in vivo by analyzing enzymic (SOD, CAT) and non-enzymic (vitamin C & E) antioxidant levels in the homogenized samples of major organs isolated from streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats after 30th day of SETc (1000 mg/kg/p.o.) treatment. Finally, the histopathological evaluation was done using cut portion of the respective organs prone to free radical mediated cell destruction with STZ in order to study their micro anatomical changes. Results: Chemical analysis with SETc in vitro for its IC50 proves a key evident for its total antioxidant capacity of around 2046 times, in 1000 mg/kg of fixed dose per oral for in vivo analysis. In contrast to the above, the lipid peroxide levels and in vivo enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant levels were found to possess most significant difference (p<0.001) and moderate difference (p<0.01) with diabetic non-treated animals which was an supporting contribution for those in vitro parameters studied and have proved that SETc (1000 mg/kg/p.o.) was a potent drug to elevate the antioxidants levels and further healing of damaged organs as compared with that of diabetic and standard drug treated groups. Conclusions: Finally, it was concluded that, the presence of antioxidant potentials in SETc was about 2046 time as an effective scavenger of free radicals in vitro and as a potent healer in ameliorating many signs of tissue damages in vivo in long term complicated diseases such as diabetes.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_7_a201991e7b0e8485a4abba56e8c0ea85.pdf
2012-12-01
7
24
10.22038/ajp.2012.7
Antioxidants
Sedimental Extract of Tinospora Cordifolia (SETc)
Streptozotocin (STZ)
Type 2 diabetes
Ramachandran
Kannadhasan
ramkhannasolutions@gmail.com
1
Research Associate, Dr.C.L.Baid Metha Foundation for Education and Research, Thoraipakkam, Chennai-600 097, Tamil nadu, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Subramaniam
Venkataraman
2
Research Associate, Dr.C.L.Baid Metha Foundation for Education and Research, Thoraipakkam, Chennai-600 097, Tamil nadu, India
AUTHOR
Arulmozhi S, Mazumder PM, Purnima A, Sathiya Narayanan L. 2007. In Vitro antioxidant and Free radical scavenging activity of Alstonia scholaris Linn. R.Br. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 6: 191-196.
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32
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33
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34
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35
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36
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38
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39
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41
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47
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antioxidant activities of two sweet pepper Capsicum annuum L. varieties phenolic extracts and the effects of thermal treatment
Objectives: Sweet peppers Capsicum annuum L. (C. annuum) are an excellent source of vitamins A and C as well as phenolic compounds, which are important antioxidant components that may reduce the risk of diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate their antioxidant activity under various temperatures. Materials and Methods: To compare the antioxidant activity in various temperatures (20, 35, 50, and 65 °C), two different types of colored (red and green) sweet bell peppers C annuum were selected. The red peppers were selected from those cultivated in Shahreza, Esfahan and the green peppers with the local name of Gijlar were selected from those cultivated in Urmia, West Azarbayjan. The experiments were carried out to measure the total phenolic and flavonoid content, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), chain-breaking activity, scavenging activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydrogen peroxide radicals. Results: Total phenol and flavonoid contents of pepper extracts were enhanced with increasing temperature to 65 °C. Scavenging capacity of DPPH radical of red pepper extract was enhanced because of putting at 50 °C for 30 min and for Gijlar pepper extract scavenging capacity was increased at 65 °C. Scavenging capacity of hydrogen peroxide radical of extracts was the highest at 35 °C. Chain-breaking activity of red pepper extract was increased for 60 min at 35 °C. FRAP (C) of red pepper extract was significantly different (p<0.05) in compare with Gijlar pepper. Conclusion: An appropriate temperature maintained a high antioxidant activity of phenolic compound, which could be due to the combined effect of non enzymatic reaction and phenolic compound stability.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_8_3f15ba26b95b905553a68ad95ec8d02b.pdf
2012-12-01
25
34
10.22038/ajp.2012.8
Antioxidant activity
Capsicum annuum L
Phenolic extracts
Temperature
Narmin i
Yazdizadeh Shotorban
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Rashid
Jamei
r.jamei@urmia.ac.ir
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reza
Heidari
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Akowuah GA, Mariam A, Chin JH. 2009. The effect of extraction temperature on total phenols and antioxidant activity of Gynura procumbens leaf. Pharmacogn Mag, 5: 81-85.
1
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3
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4
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24
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25
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28
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31
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32
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33
Vega-Galvez A, Di Scala K, Rodriguez K, Lemus-Mondaca R, Miranda M, Lopez J, Perez-Won M. 2009. Effect of air-drying temperature on physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacity, colour and total phenolic content of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. Hungarian). Food Chem. 117: 647-653.
34
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35
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36
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37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cellular antioxidative, cytotoxic, and antileishmanial activities of Homalium letestui
Objective: Homalium letestui Pellegr (Flacourtiaceae) is used in traditional medicine in parts of Nigeria for the treatment of malaria, ulcer, and inflammatory diseases and as an aphrodisiac. This investigation was aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic, immunomodulatory, and antileishmanial properties of stem extract and fractions of Homalium letestui (H. letestui). Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells was done using sulphorhodamine (SRB) method and DNA interaction activity using gel electrophoresis. Immunomodulatory activity of the extract in whole blood, neutrophils, and macrophages was also investigated using luminol/lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. The extract and fractions were similarly screened for antileishmanial activity against promastigotes of Leishmania major in vitro. The GCMS analysis of the most active fraction against HeLa cells was carried out. Results: The stem extract exerted prominent cytotoxic activity with the dichloromethane fraction exhibiting the most pronounced effect (GI50 -5.12±1.45 µg/ml, LC50- 57.3±2.33 µg/ml, TGI -12.6±0.87 µg/ml). The crude extract and the fractions did not interact with DNA when investigated using electrophoresis. The extract significantly ((pLeishmania major in vitro. GCMS analysis of active fraction revealed pharmacologically active compounds. Conclusion: These results suggest that the stem extract/fractions of H. letestuipossess cytotoxic, immunomodulatory, and antileishmanial activities.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_9_d3043c22b2ad3701cb6fca6cebcd4b5b.pdf
2012-12-01
35
44
10.22038/ajp.2012.9
Antileishmanial
Antioxidant
Cytotoxic
Homalium letestui
Immunomodulatory
Jude Efiom
Okokon
judeefiom@yahoo.com
1
Department Of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahsana Dar
Farooq
2
International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University Of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Mohammed Iqbal
Choudhary
3
International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University Of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
AUTHOR
Adams RP. 2001. Identification of Essential oils by Gas Chromatography Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. Allured Publishing Corporation, Carol Stream, USA.
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32
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34
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35
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37
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38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of fresh, aged and cooked garlic extracts on short- and long-term memory in diabetic rats
Objective: The present study was hypothesized to investigate the beneficial effects of fresh, aged, and cooked garlic extracts on blood glucose and memory of diabetic rats induced by streptozocine (STZ). Material and Methods: Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight). An oral dose of 1000 mg/kg of each garlic extract was given daily for 4 weeks after diabetes induction. Five days after STZ injection, five groups were formed: Control (intact) rats (Cont) + Vehicle of garlic extract (normal saline) (Veh), STZ + Veh, STZ + Fresh (row) garlic (FG), STZ + Aged garlic (AG), and STZ + cooked (boiled) garlic (CG). In order to assess the passive avoidance memory, rats were gently placed on the wooden platform, and latency to step-down (SDL) was recorded as initial phase, after then a light electrical shock [0.3 mA, 3 sec, Alternative current (AC)] was delivered to their foot paw. The retrieval tests were done for short- and long-term memories, respectively. Blood glucose was assayed by glucometer before and after treatment with STZ and garlic extracts. Results: Hyperglycemia induced by STZ decreased short-term memory in both diabetic males and females rats significantly compared with the controls (pConclusions: STZ causes elevation of the blood glucose and resulted in memory deficits, possibly viafree radicals production in brain tissue. Garlic has some bioactive chemicals including allicin and sulfur compound (OSC) which could lower the blood glucose during chronic hyperglycemia, inhibit free radicals production in brain, and improve short-term (but not long-term) memory.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10_1f9337d9432aa7475ab64b020f2030f0.pdf
2012-12-01
45
55
10.22038/ajp.2012.10
Garlic
Hyperglycemia
Memory
Rats
Streptozotocin
Alireza
Sarkaki
1
Physiology Research Center (PRC), Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Saeed
Valipour Chehardacheric
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Izeh branch, Khouzestan, I.R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yaghoub
Farbood
3
Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Physiology Research Center (PRC), Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Mohammad Taghi
Mansouri
4
Department of Pharmacology, Medicine Faculty, Physiology Research Center (PRC), Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Bahareh
Naghizadeh
5
Department of Pharmacology, Medicine Faculty, Physiology Research Center (PRC), Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Effat
Basirian
6
Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Agrawal R, Tyagi E, Shukla R, Nath C. 2011. Insulin receptor signaling in rat hippocampus: a study in STZ (ICV) induced memory deficit model. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 21: 261-273.
1
Belviranli M, Gokbel H, Okudan N, Buyukbas S. 2012. Oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status in diabetic rat liver: Effect of plant polyphenols. Arch Physiol Biochem (In press).
2
Bhutada P, Mundhada Y, Bansod K, Tawari S, Patil S, Dixit P, Umathe S, Mundhada D. 2011. Protection of cholinergic and antioxidant system contributes to the effect of berberine ameliorating memory dysfunction in rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Behav Brain Res, 220: 30-41.
3
Borek C, 2001. Antioxidant health effects of aged garlic extract. J Nutr, 131: 1010S-1015S.
4
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5
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6
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7
Chauhan NB, and Sandoval J. 2007. Amelioration of early cognitive deficits by aged garlic extract in Alzheimer's transgenic mice. Phytother Res, 21: 629-640.
8
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9
Efendy JL, Simmons DL, Campbell GR, and Campbell JH. 1997. The effect of the aged garlic extract, 'Kyolic', on the development of experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis, 132: 37-42.
10
Gorinstein S, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Drzewiecki J. Najman K, Katrich E, Barasch D, Yamamoto K, and Trakhtenberg S. 2006. Raw and boiled garlic enhances plasma antioxidant activity and improves plasma lipid metabolism in cholesterol-fed rats. Life Sci, 78: 655-663.
11
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12
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13
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14
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15
Idan-Feldman A, Schirer Y, Polyzoidou E, Touloumi O, Lagoudaki R, Grigoriadis NC, and Gozes I. 2011. Davunetide (NAP) as a preventative treatment for central nervous system complications in a diabetes rat model. Neurobiol Dis, 44: 327-339.
16
Jalal R, Bagheri SM, Moghimi A, and Rasuli MB. 2007. Hypoglycemic effect of aqueous shallot and garlic extracts in rats with fructose-induced insulin resistance. J Clin Biochem Nutr, 41: 218-223.
17
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18
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19
Li XH, Li CY, Xiang ZG, Zhong F, Chen ZY, and Lu JM. 2010. Allicin can reduce neuronal death and ameliorate the spatial memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease models. Neurosciences (Riyadh), 15: 237-243.
20
Lin GH, Lee YJ, Choi DY, Han SB, Jung JK, Hwang BY, Moon DC, Kim Y, Oh KW, Jung HS, Leem JY, Shin HK, and Hong JT. 2012. Anti-Amyloidogenic Effect of Thiacremonone, through Anti-Inflamation In Vitro and In Vivo Models. J Alzheimers Dis, 29: 13.
21
Mahmoud AM, Ashour MB, Abdel-Moneim A, and Ahmed OM. 2012. Hesperidin and naringin attenuate hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine production in high fat fed/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. J Diabetes Complications, Epub ahead of print.
22
McNay EC, Ong CT, McCrimmon RJ, Cresswell J, Bogan JS, and Sherwin RS. 2010. Hippocampal memory processes are modulated by insulin and high-fat-induced insulin resistance. Neurobiol Learn Mem, 93: 546-553.
23
Moriguchi T, Saito H, and Nishiyama N. 1996. Aged garlic extract prolongs longevity and improves spatial memory deficit in senescence-accelerated mouse. Biol Pharm Bull, 19: 305-307.
24
Morihara N, Sumioka I, Moriguchi T, Uda N, and Kyo E. 2002. Aged garlic extract enhances production of nitric oxide. Life Sci, 71: 509-517.
25
Nakagawa S, Masamoto K, Sumiyoshi H, and Harada H. 1984. [Acute toxicity test of garlic extract]. J Toxicol Sci, 9: 57-60.
26
Nishimura H, Higuchi O, Tateshita K, Tomobe K, Okuma Y, and Nomura Y. 2006. Antioxidative activity and ameliorative effects of memory impairment of sulfur-containing compounds in Allium species. Biofactors, 26: 135-146.
27
Pearson-Leary J, and McNay EC. 2012. Intrahippocampal administration of amyloid-beta (1-42) oligomers acutely impairs spatial working memory, insulin signaling, and hippocampal metabolism. J Alzheimers Dis, 30: 413-422.
28
Ray B, Chauhan NB, and Lahiri DK. 2011. Oxidative insults to neurons and synapse are prevented by aged garlic extract and S-allyl-L-cysteine treatment in the neuronal culture and APP-Tg mouse model. J Neurochem, 117: 388-402.
29
Saadipour K, Sarkaki A, Alaei H, Badavi M, and Rahim F. 2009. Forced exercise improves passive avoidance memory in morphine-exposed rats. Pak J Biol Sci, 12: 1206-1211.
30
Subramanian S, and John M. 2012. Intranasal administration of insulin lowers amyloid-beta levels in rat model of diabetes. Indian J Exp Biol, 50: 41-44.
31
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32
Taleb-Senouci D, Lacaille-Dubois MA, and Bouchenak M. 2012. Ajuga iva aqueous extract improves reverse cholesterol transport in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. J Pharm Pharmacol, 64: 1188-1194.
33
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34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The preventive effect of Brassica napus L. oil on pathophysiological changes of respiratory system in experimental asthmatic rat
Objective: Asthma is an airway complex disease defined by reversible airway narrowing and obstruction, chronic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and tissue remodeling. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Brassica napus L. (B. napus) on airway pathologic changes in a rat model of asthma. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: control, asthmatic, asthmatic treated with 0.5 mg/kg B. napus oil, and asthmatic treated with 0.75 mg/kg B. napus oil. To induce the experimental asthma, rats in groups 2, 3, and 4 received an i.p. injection of ovalbumin and aerosolized ovalbumin. Simultaneously, rats in groups 3 and 4 received B. napus oil daily by gavage. After 31 days, in all groups, thoracotomy was done and lung tissue samples were taken. For pathological evaluation, microscopic slides were prepared. The eosinophil numbers in the submucosal layer and thicknesses of smooth muscle layer of bronchioles were detected. Results: Eosinophil numbers in the submucosal layer, as well as smooth muscle layer thicknesses were significantly lower in the rat group treated with 0.75 mg/kg B. napus oil as compared with asthmatic group (p<0.01, p<0.05). Conclusion: B. napus could be useful as adjuvant therapy in rat model of asthma. This effect was probably related to its antioxidants componentsthat reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11_beff811b8140cb06543d87d045acc9cd.pdf
2012-12-01
56
63
10.22038/ajp.2012.11
Airway Remodeling
Asthma
Brassica napus
Eozinophil
Inflammation
Rat
Sensitization
Mehdi
Kabiri rad
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Neamati
aneamati@mshdiau.ac.ir
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Boskabady
3
Applied Physiology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Naser
Mahdavi-Shahri
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Mahmoudabady
5
Applied Physiology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Boskabady MH, Amery S, Vahedi N, Khakzad MR. 2011. The effect of vitamin E on tracheal responsiveness and lung inflammation in sulfur mustard exposed guinea pigs. Inhal Toxicol, 23: 157-165.
1
Broughton KS, Johnson CS, Pace BK, Liebman M, Kleppinger KM. 1997. Reduced asthma symptoms with n-3 fatty acid ingestion are related to 5-series leukotriene production. Am J Clin Nutr, 65: 1011-1017.
2
Charavaryamath C, Janardhan KS, Townsend HG, Willson P, Singh B. 2005. Multiple exposures to swine barn air induce lung inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness. Respir Res, 6:50.
3
Cohn L, Elias JA, Chupp GL. 2004. Asthma: mechanisms of disease persistence and progression.Annu Rev Immunol, 22: 789-815.
4
Elhiti M, Yang C, Belmonte MF, Gulden RH, Stasolla C. 2012. Transcriptional changes of antioxidant responses, hormone signalling and developmental processes evoked by the Brassica napus SHOOTMERISTEMLESS during in vitro embryogenesis. Plant Physiol Biochem, 58: 297-311.
5
Fritsche S, Wang X, Li J, Stich B, Kopisch-Obuch FJ, Endrigkeit J, Leckband G, Dreyer F, Friedt W, Meng J, Jung C. 2012. A Candidate Gene-Based Association Study of Tocopherol Content and Composition in Rapeseed (Brassica napus). Front Plant Sci, 3: 129.
6
Hakim A, Adcock IM, Usmani OS. 2012. Corticosteroid resistance and novel anti-inflammatory therapies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current evidence and future direction. Drugs, 72: 1299-312.
7
Halwani R, Al-Muhsen S, Hamid Q. 2010. Airway remodeling in asthma. Current Curr Opin Pharmacol, 10: 236-245.
8
Hashimoto A, Katagiri M, ToriiS, Dainaka J, Ichikawa A, Okuyama H.1988. Effect of dietary α-linolenate/linoleate balance on leukotriene production and histamine release in rats. Prostaglandins, 36: 3-16.
9
Higashi A, Kumlin M, Higashi N, Daham K, Gaber F, Lindeberg A, James A, Skedinger M, Delin I, Gyllfors P, Dahlén SE, Dahlén B. 2012. Challenge of isolated sputum cells supports in vivo origin of intolerance reaction to aspirin/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 158: 299-306.
10
Horie S, Okuda C, Yamashita T, Watanabe K, Kuramochi K, Hosokawa M, Takeuchi T, Kakuda M, Miyashita K, Sugawara F, Yoshida H, Mizushina Y. 2010. Purified canola lutein selectively inhibits specific isoforms of mammalian DNA polymerases and reduces inflammatory response. Lipids, 45:713-721.
11
Jiang Q, Amesb N. 2003. γ-Tocopherol, but not α-tocopherol, decreases proinflammatory eicosanoids and inflammation damage in rats. FASEB J, 17: 816-822.
12
Li-Weber M, Giaisi M, Treiber MK, Krammer PH. 2002. Vitamin E inhibits IL-4 gene expression in peripheral blood T cells. Eur J Immunol, 32: 2401-2408.
13
Ma Y, Ma AG, Peng Z. 2007. A potential immunotherapy approach: Mucosal immunization with an IL-13 peptide-based virus-like particle vaccine in a mouse asthma model. Vaccine, 25: 8091-8099.
14
Martin JG, Tamaoka M. 2006. Rat models of asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease. Pulm Pharmacol Ther, 19: 377-385.
15
Murdoch JR, Lloyd CM. 2010. Chronic inflammation and asthma. Mutat Res, 690: 24-39.
16
Park HS, Kim SR, Kim JO, Lee YC. 2010. The Roles of Phytochemicals in Bronchial Asthma. Molecules, 15: 6810-6834.
17
Ram A, Mabalirajan U, Singh SK, Singh VP, Ghosh B. 2008. Mepacrine alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Int Immunopharmacol, 8: 893-899.
18
Randolph DA, Stephens R, Carruthers CJL. 1999. Cooperation between Th1 and Th2 cells in a murine model of eosinophilic airway inflammation. J Clin Invest, 104: 1021-1029.
19
Sagols E, Priymenko N. 2011. Oxidative Stress in Dog with Heart Failure: The Role of Dietary Fatty Acids and Antioxidants. Vet Med Int, 6:180206.
20
Scheerens J, van Gessel SBE, Nijkamp FP, Folkerts G. 2002. Eotaxin protein levels and airway pathology in a mouse model for allergic asthma. Eur J Pharmacol, 453: 111-117.
21
Schuster M, Tschernig T, Krug N, Pabst R. 2000. Lymphocytes migrate from the blood into the bronchoalveolar lavage and lung parenchyma in the asthma model of the brown Norway rat. Am J Respir Crit Care Med; 161: 558-566.
22
Simopoulos AP. 2009. The Importance of the Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio in Cardiovascula Disease and Other Chronic Diseases. 2008. Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 233: 674-688.
23
Szelenyi I. 2000. Animal models of bronchial asthma. Inflamm. Res, 49: 639-654.
24
Von Hertzen LC, Haahtela T. 2000. could the risk of asthma and atopy is reduced by a vaccine that induces a strong T-helper type 1 response? (See comments). Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 22: 139-142.
25
Xue Z, Yu W, Liu Z, Wu M, Kou X, Wang J. 2009. Preparation and antioxidative properties of a rapeseed (Brassica napus) protein hydrolysate and three peptide fractions. J Agric Food Chem, 57:5287-5293.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An ethnobotanical survey on hormozgan province, Iran
Objective: The present study is based on an ethnobotanical research project conducted in Hormozgan province that is located in south of Iran, bordering waters of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. This survey was carried out in order to recover the ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal knowledge of the residents of this province. They are using medicinal and functional plants for treating or preventing several diseases. Materials and Methods: Ethnobotanical data sheets were run with the native inhabitants and people of the province by arranging frequent field trips to different parts of the province and direct interviews with them especially those who were more familiar with the plants and their usage. Results: A total of 150 plant species belonging to 53 families were recorded for their ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal uses among the people of province. The records were developed byscientific names, family names, local names, medicinal parts used, different ways of their application, and traditional uses of the plants. There was high compliance in the use of plants in painful disorders, gastrointestinal, and dermatological diseases. Conclusion: This study revealed that the people of Hormozgan province have a rich knowledge of natural resources. The use and consumption of medicinal plants are still important parts of their life.Rational use of native medicinal plants may benefit and improve their living standards and quality of life. The results of this study can be used as a basis for selecting herbs for further pharmacological, phytochemical, and pharmacognostical studies.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12_a1e094024d837716419346dbf0b0b352.pdf
2012-12-01
64
81
10.22038/ajp.2012.12
Ethnobotany
Hormozgan
Iran
Medicinal Plants
Persian Gulf
Omid
Safa
1
Bandar Abbas School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Amin
Soltanipoor
2
Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, Bandar Abbas, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Soheil
Rastegar
3
Bandar Abbas School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mahnaz
Kazemi
4
School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Khadijeh
Nourbakhsh Dehkordi
5
District One Education Department, Isfahan Education Administration, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Ghannadi
6
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amin Gh. 1991. Popular medicinal plants of Iran, Tehran, Publications of the Iranian Research Institute of Medicinal Plants.
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54
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Aqueous extract of Berberis integerrima root improves renal dysfunction in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Objective: Barberry root extract contains various alkaloids that are considered as antioxidants. Beneficial effect of aqueous extract of Berberis integerrima root (AEBIR) was evaluated for renal function in diabetic rats induced by STZ. Material and Methods: Diabetes was induced by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg bw) to rats, after 15 h of fasting. Diabetic rats were randomly grouped and treateddaily with AEBIR and glibenclamide by gavage for 42 days. After 6 weeks of study, all the rats were sacrificed and some biochemical parameters of serum and urine were measured and their kidneys tissues were processed for light microscopy. Results: Streptozotocin induced a significant rise in fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine glucose, urine protein, urine albumin, and water intake and a significant decrease in body weight, serum protein, urine urea, and urine creatinine. There was a significant restoration of these parameters to near normal after administration of the AEBIR and also by glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg bw). The activity of the extract at dose of 500 mg/kg in all parameters except blood glucose and urine glucose was more than that of the standard drug, glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg, p.o.). Histopathological changes of kidney samples were comparable with respective control. Conclusion: These results suggested that aqueous extract of Berberis Integerrima root improves renal dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through controlling blood glucose and renal protective effects.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13_7bb56082416f3ff7cd71580708e23342.pdf
2012-12-01
82
90
10.22038/ajp.2012.13
Berberis integerrima
Diabetes Mellitus
Renal protective
Streptozotocin
Hossein
Ashraf
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reza
Heidari
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Nejati
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Minoo
Ilkhanipoor
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmed MH, Osman MM. 2006. Improving laboratory diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy with the use of glomerular filtration rate. Diabetes Technol Ther, 8: 688-690.
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Alderson NL, Chachich ME, Frizzell N, Canning P, Metz TO et al. 2004. Effect of antioxidants and ACE inhibition on chemical modification of proteins and progression of nephropathy in streptozotocin diabetic rat. Diabetologia, 47: 1385-1395.
3
Arayne MS, Sultana N ,Bahadur SS. 2007. The berberis story: Berberis vulgaris in therapeutics. Pak J Sci, 20: 83-92.
4
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Esteghamati A, Gouya MM, Abbasi M, Delavari A, Alikhani S, et al. 2008. Ptevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in the adult population of iran:National Survey of Risk Faktors for Non Communicable Diseases of Iran. Diabetes-care, 31: 96-98.
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Li WL, Zheng HC, Bukuru J, De KN. 2004. Natural medicines used in the traditional Chinese medical system for therapy of diabetes mellitus. J Ethnopharmacol, 92: 1-21
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Liu W, Hei Z, Nie H, Tang F, Huang H, et al. 2008. Berberine ameliorates renal injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by suppression of both oxidative stress and aldose reductase. Chin Med J, 121: 706-712.
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30
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33
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37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Coriandrum sativum on rat appetite
Objective: Losing weight in consequence of appetite loss can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. Currently, the most widely prescribed medication for anorexia is cyproheptadine hydrochloride. However, the clinical use of cyproheptadine hydrochloride is limited by its side effects. In Iranian traditional medicine, Coriandrum sativum stimulates the appetite. Therefore, the effect of Coriandrum sativum (coriander) hydroalcoholic extract was investigated on food intake in rats. Material and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Two control groups were used, one group received 0.5 ml water per day (vehicle group), and another group did not receive anything (control group). The other 3 groups were daily treated by 50, 100 or 150 mg/kg of coriander for 7 days, respectively. The daily amount of the food eaten by each rat was measured for 10 days. The amount of energy intake of each rat was also calculated for 7 days during the intervention. The difference in energy intake was calculated and compared between groups. Result: There was no significant change in energy intake between control and vehicle groups. The change in energy intake after treatment by 100 and 150 mg/kg of the extract was significantly higher than other groups (p=0.030 and p=0.007) Conclusion: This study indicated that coriander had positive effects on appetite of rats. Future studies are needed to evaluate the mechanisms of the effects of this plant on appetite.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_14_775d4da7807c10ae1cb5b486f8142e90.pdf
2012-12-01
91
97
10.22038/ajp.2012.14
Coriandrum sativum
Appetite
Energy intake
Rat
Mohsen
Nematy
1
Department of Nutrition, Biochemistry of Nutrition, Endoscopic & Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Cancer Research Centers, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Kamgar
2
Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Mohammad Reza
Mohajeri
3
Medical Student, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Azita
Aghaei
4
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan
Rakhshandeh
5
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Habibollah
Esmaily
EsmailyH@mums.ac.ir
6
Health Sciences Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Majid
Ghayour-Mobarhan
7
Cardiovascular Research Center and Biochemistry of Nutrition Research center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Michael
Patterson
8
Nutrition & Dietetics Research Group, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS UK
AUTHOR
British National Formulary BMJ Group . 2009.
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of ethanolic extract of green tea on decreasing the level of lipid profile in rat
Objective: The aim of the present study was to elucidate the possible biochemical improving effect in lipid metabolic that may result from continuous treatment with Green Tea extract in normal albino rats and those rendered hyperlipidemic by long term supplementation of fat-enriched diet. Materials and Methods: Fifty male albino rats aged six weeks with 200±10 g weight were randomly divided into five groups: Group A (negative control), groups B (positive control), Group C (treatment with drug), Group D (treatment with extract), and Group E (prevention with extract). All groups except Group A were received fat-enriched diet throughout the study. Group C received 25 mg/kg/day of the nicotinic acid from day 28 to the end of study. Group D was also treated with 100 mg/kg/day of the extract from day 28 to the end of study and finally group E was also treated with 100 mg/kg/day of the extract from the start of the study to the end. Lipid levels were determined weekly. Data were expressed as mean±SEM which were calculated using SigmaPlot® software. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Student's t–test. Results: In group (D), total cholesterol, LDLc, HDLc, and triglyceride levels were significantly decreased by 33.3%, 30.2%, 40%, respectively, compared with the group C (pConclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the extract of green tea has a hyperlipidemic lowering effect.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_15_f2c246616c060a097b7b19058a79eb0e.pdf
2012-12-01
98
105
10.22038/ajp.2012.15
Anti-hyperlipidemic
Aqueous extract
Cholesterol
green tea
Nicotinic acid
Farjad
Amanolahi
f-amanolahi@razi.tums.ac.ir
1
Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal plant Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hasan
Rakhshande
2
Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal plant Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
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