Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
The effects of Artemisia deserti ethanolic extract on pathology and function of rat kidney
371
376
EN
Ali
Noori
Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
ali.noori55@gmail.com
Leila
Amjad
0000-0003-4290-5396
Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
amjad.leila@gmail.com
Fereshteh
Yazdani
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
fereshteh67yazdani@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2014.3259
Objectives: Medicinal plants played an important role in human health. The kidney is a major organ for elimination the additional materials of body. Some of metabolic waste products are excreted through the kidneys, give us useful information about kidney health. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the effects of <em>A. deserti</em> flowering tips extract on kidney. <br/>Materials and Methods: Three groups of animal were studied. Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 was injected with saline, group 2 and 3 were injected with extract, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The animals were anesthetized, blood samples were collected 2 days after the last injection, then urea, uric acid and creatinine levels were assayed. Also, the kidney histology was studied. <br/>Results: No significant changes in urea and uric acid were observed. But, creatinine concentration was changed significantly in group 3 compared to other groups. The extract caused histologic changes in the kidney, including, glomerular atrophy, congestion of inflammatory cells and degeneration of the renal tubules. <br/>Conclusion: The results showed that <em>A. deserti </em>extract was able to damage the kidney tissue. However, the reason for these histopathological changes remains to be clarified.
Artemisia deserti,Extract,Kidney,Rat
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3259.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3259_82452ac3d61b0b6db430a37670c2e6b9.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
Khaya senegalensis inhibits piroxicam mediated gastro-toxicity in wistar rats
377
384
EN
Fatima Nnawodu
Ishaq
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria-Nigeria.
ishaq.fatima@yahoo.com
Abdulkadir
Umar Zezi
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, P M B 1045, Zaria-Nigeria
Temidayo Olutoyin
Olurishe
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, P M B 1045, Zaria-Nigeria
10.22038/ajp.2014.3370
Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of piroxicam co-administration with ethanolic stem-bark extract of <em>Khaya senegalensis </em>on biomarkers of oxidative stress and gastro-toxicity in Wistar rats. <br/>Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy male and female Albino Wistar rats (190-220 g) were grouped into six (n = 5) with designated treatments including: Normal saline, piroxicam (20 mg/kg), extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) alone and both doses of the extract co-administered with piroxicam. The drugs were administered orally to all the rats for fourteen consecutive days and on the fifteenth day, they were euthanized with chloroform inhalation. Blood samples and the stomachs were isolated for evaluation of the oxidative stress biomarkers and gastro integrity, respectively. <br/>Results: The results of the study revealed that the levels of oxidative stress markers didn’t differ significantly between the groups receiving the extract alone, the extract in combination or piroxicam alone. Gross and histological observations of the stomach showed gastric mucosal changes and mild atrophic lesions in the piroxicam group only. <br/>Conclusion: This study illustrates the interaction of <em>Khaya senegalensis </em>and piroxicam results in the gastro-protective beneficial effects. The extract’s outcome on various prostaglandin levels and synthesis is being considered towards possible elucidation regarding the exact mechanism of cytoprotection. <br/>
Drug interaction,Gastro-toxicity,Khaya senegalensis,Piroxicam
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3370.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3370_20ce022a8481e2076fb808b683b16581.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
The efficacy of hydro alcoholic extract of Seidlitzia rosmarinus on experimental zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions in murine model
385
391
EN
Maryam
Ahmadi
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Emam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, I. R. Iran
ahmadim883@mums.ac.ir
Abdolmajid
Fata
0000-0002-5175-529x
Research Center for Skin Diseases & Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
fataa@mums.ac.ir
Ali
Khamesipour
Centre for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran.
khamesipour_ali@yahoo.com
Hasan
Rakhshandeh
0000-0002-2118-1096
Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal plant Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir
Akram
Mohammadi
Centre for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran.
miramin48@yahoo.com
Ghodratollah
Salehi
Research Center for Skin Diseases & Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
salehig1@mums.ac.ir
Hadi
Monavari
Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal plant Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
10.22038/ajp.2014.3429
Objective: Leishmaniasis is one of the most important parasitic infectious diseases in the world. Since last century, many efforts have been made to control and treat the disease, but appropriate vaccines, pesticides and medicines are not available or even eligible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of <em>Seidlitzia rosmarinus</em> on the lesions of experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Balb/c mice. <br/>Materials and Methods: The population study was 60 Ballb/c mice which divided to 6 groups, all infected with <em>Leishmania major</em> [MRHO/75/IR]. Soon after the ulcer started to appear in the early stage, a dose of provided herbal extract with 5, 10 and 15% concentration applied on each lesion. The surface area of the lesions measured during an interval of 10 days. Direct Giemsa stained smears prepared two and four weeks after treatment. <br/>Results: Increasing the mean size of the lesions was statistically significant compared to those in control group (p>0.001). Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) developed in all of the mice including the control group that received Eucerine alone. Survival rate in group receiving 15% <em>S. rosmarinus</em> extracts showed significantly higher compared to mice in control group (p<0.001). <br/>Conclusion: Hydro-alcoholic extracts of <em>S.rosmarinus</em> with concentrations below15% did not show a therapeutic effect on experimental CL ulcers of Balb/c mice. Further studies with higher concentrations or nano particles are recommended.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis,Hydro-alcoholic extract,Leishmania major,Seidlitziarosmarinus
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3429.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3429_2e96aeda99c09912514f9c8f64a19fae.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
Renoprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Rheum ribes root in diabetic female rats
392
401
EN
Shokri
Hamzeh
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
Farah
Farokhi
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
f.farokhi@urmia .ac.ir
Reza
Heydari
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
r.heydari@urmia.ac.ir
Ramin
Manaffar
Artemia and Aquatic Animals Research Institute of Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
raminmanaffar@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2014.3371
Objective: Medical plants, as rich sources of natural antioxidants with antidiabetic effects, are used worldwide to diminish a variety of symptoms and many diseases. <em>R. ribes </em>L., which belongs to the family of polygonaceae, can provide symptomatic relief and assist in the prevention of the secondary complications of the diabetes. <br/>Material and Methods: 36 female adult rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6. Normal Control groups treated with normal saline. Positive control groups treated with hydroalcohlic extract of <em>R. ribes</em> root (150 mg/kg) daily by gavages for 4 consecutive weeks. Diabetes was inducedby injection of 120 mg/kg alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally. Two diabetic groups were treated with different doses of <em>R. ribes</em> root extract. The sixth diabetic groups were treated with glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg). At the end of 28 days, blood samples were collected and their kidney tissues were processed for light microscopy. <br/>Results: The results showed that hydro-alcoholic extract of <em>R. ribes </em>decreased the level of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea and creatinine in diabetic rats (p<0.05) in compared with diabetic rats, while the level of HDL increased at the same group (p<0.05). Histopathological changes of kidney samples were comparable with respective control. In diabetic rats, kidney sections showed atrophy of glomerular capillaries with increased Bowman's space and acute tubular necrosis. The groups that were treated with <em>R. ribes</em> root were improved towards normal condition. <br/>Conclusion: It is interesting to note that hydroalcohlic extract of <em>R. ribes </em>root improves renal dysfunction in alloxan-induced diabetic rats through controlling blood glucose and renal protective effects.
Alloxan,Diabetes Mellitus,R. ribes root extract
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3371.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3371_b2fbde3a61b50ede07f8690d4ed195db.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used in Arjan – Parishan protected area in Fars Province of Iran
402
412
EN
Mehdi
Dolatkhahi
Department of Biology, Bushehr Branch, Payam Noor University, Bushehr, I. R. Iran
dolatkhahi.m@gmail.com
Ali
Dolatkhahi
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
dolatkhahi11@gmail.com
Javad
Bagher Nejad
Section of Agriculture, Management of Kazeroon Jahad Keshavarzi, Fars province, I. R. Iran
javadbmt@gmail.com
10.22038/ajp.2014.3387
Objective: Today, medicinal plants are widely used in remedies for several ailments and improvement of human health because of their pharmaceutical properties. This study aimed to document important useful medicinal plants and their medicinal characteristics for treatment of human ailments in the Arjan <sup>_</sup> Parishan protected area in Fars province of Iran during 2010-2012. <br/>Materials and Methods: Data were obtained using direct interviews with 80 informants particularly those who were more familiar with the herbs and their medicinal properties. Collected plants were recognized and families, genera, and species determined using indispensable references. In this paper, scientific name, local name, parts used, and ways of application and ailments treated using traditional medicinal plant species have been provided. <br/>Results: We documented 85 plant species belonging to 39 families and 78 genera used for treating ailments. Among which, Asteraceae with 13 species was the most frequently used family and fruits and leaves were the favored parts for local users. Our results indicated that in this area, the highest compliance in the use of plants in treating ailments were related to the intestinal digestive system (40.8%). <br/>Conclusion: The present study is the first contribution to the ethnobotany of this region. Our results showed that some plants are used for medicinal purposes in this region, either for the same or for different purposes. Generally, the results of the present investigation can be used as a basis for selecting useful medicinal plants and also help to preserve precious information that may otherwise be lost to future generations.
Arjan – Parishan area,Ethnobotany,Fars province,Medicinal Plants,Pharmacological,Iran
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3387.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3387_85a4e2c36be0582e267b225719bec5fa.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
Effects of Hypericum perforatum extract on IgG titer, leukocytes subset and spleen index in rats
413
419
EN
Tahereh
Aghili
Graduate Student in Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
Javad
Arshami
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
arshami007@gmail.com
Abdol Mansur
Tahmasbi
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
Ali Reza
Haghparast
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi of University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
10.22038/ajp.2014.3166
Objectives: <em>Hypericum perforatum L</em>. is a medicinal plant containing many polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids with antidepressant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was investigated the effects of <em>Hypericum perforatum</em> extract (HPE) on immunity, body weight (BW), and spleen index (SI) in rats. <br/>Materials and Methods: A total of 24 Wistar male rats were randomly received 4 different doses (6 rats each) of HPE (0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW) intraperitoneally for 14 days using a completely randomized design. On days 1 and 7, rats were received 0.5 ml SRBC (10%) injection. Blood samples were collected on day 14 to evaluate IgG titer and leukocyte count. On days 1, 7 and 14, the BW and on day 14 spleen were weighted for SI. <br/>Results: The IgG titer increased with higher doses of HPE. The HPE increased number of lymphocytes at 200 mg but decreased at 400 mg, number of neutrophils decreased at 200 mg but increased at 400 mg, and number of monocytes increased at 100 mg and 200 mg but decreased at 400 mg (p<0.01). Increasing doses of HPE lowered BW (p<0.01). The HPE increased SI at 100 mg and 200 mg but decreased at 400 mg (p>0.072). <br/>Conclusions: The results showed that HPE slightly improved IgG titer but significantly increased the number of leukocytes and monocytes at 200 mg, and neutrophils at 400 mg. The HPE decreased BW at 100 mg and 200 mg with no damage on spleen.
Hypericum perforatum,Immune system,Spleen index,Rats
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3166.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3166_f2d7d9fef13b98c6d0850dab1c8d45fa.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
Evaluation of possible toxic effects of spearmint (Mentha spicata) on the reproductive system, fertility and number of offspring in adult male rats
420
429
EN
Fatemeh
Nozhat
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), IRAN
yfnozhat@yahoo.com
Sanaz
Alaee
Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
s.alaee@sbmu.ac.ir
Khodabakhsh
Behzadi
Department of Biology, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
behzadikh@yahoo.com
Najmeh
Azadi Chegini
Biology Group, Department of Education, Fars, I. R. Iran
chegin_2004@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2014.3165
Objective: In this study we investigated the effects of spearmint (<em>Mentha spicata </em>Labiatae) on the reproductive system, fertility and number of offspring in adult male rats. <br/>Materials and Methods: Adult Wistar male rats in one control (C) and three experimental groups (I, II and III) received 0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg spearmint extract orally for 45 days, respectively. Following this treatment, the animals’ weights, and the standard weight of reproductive tissues, sperm count, sperm motility and serum testosterone concentration were measured, and reproductive tissues were examined histopathologically. To evaluate the effects of spearmint on fertility of male rats and growth of their offspring, male rats of the control and experimental groups mated with untreated female rats. <br/>Results: Results showed that spearmint did not affect the rats’ body and reproductive tissue weights. The sperm count, fast and slow progressive motility of sperm and serum testosterone concentration decreased while number of non-progressive sperm and immotile sperm increased in the experimental groups compared to the control group, but none of these changes were statistically significant. Histopathological studies showed no severe changes in reproductive tissues between control and experimental groups. Number and growth of offspring born from mating of male rats with untreated female rats showed no difference. <br/>Conclusion: We concluded that spearmint has no significant toxic effect on the reproductive system, fertility and number of offspring in adult male rats at the above mentioned dose levels. However high levels of this extract may have adverse effects on male fertility.
Fertility,Male,Spearmint,Sperm,Toxicity
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3165.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3165_490611b8b507821651390ae9fa61d2fc.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
6
2014
11
01
Evaluation of thrombolytic potential of three medicinal plants available in Bangladesh, as a potent source of thrombolytic compounds
430
436
EN
Md.
Ramjan
Ali
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
ramjan_phr@yahoo.com
Marjan
Hossain
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
m.shornaly@yahoo.com
Jannatul
Ferdous
Runa
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
jaopakhi11@gmail.com
Md.
Hasanuzzaman
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
hasanprdu@gmail.com
Md.
Mahmodul
Islam
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
mmislam44@gmail.c0m
10.22038/ajp.2014.3226
Objective: The present study is aimed to investigate <em>in vitro</em> thrombolytic activity of three Bangladeshi medicinal plants <em>Averrhoa bilimbi</em> (Oxalidiaceae), <em>Clerodendrum viscosum</em> (Verbanaceae) and <em>Drynaria quercifolia</em> (Polypodiaceae). <br/>Materials and methods: Each the plant was extracted with methanol at room temperature and the concentrated methanolic extracts (MEF) were fractionated by the modified Kupchan partitioning method to render pet-ether soluble fraction (PESF), carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction (CTSF), chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) and aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF). To observe their thrombolytic potential, a prompt and swift method was involved where streptokinase and water were used as positive and negative control, respectively. <br/>Result: Among the three plants, AQSF and PESF of <em>D. quercifolia </em>with CTSF of <em>C. viscosum </em>exhibited highest thrombolytic activity by clot lysis of 34.38%, 34.27% and 28.64%, respectively. Among other extracts <em>A. bilimbi</em>, <em>C. viscosun</em> and <em>D.quercifolia </em>showed significant percentage (%) of clot lysis compared to standard streptokinase (41.05%) while the negative control water revealed 3.31 % lysis of clot. <br/>Conclusion: From our findings it is observed that all the plants revealed remarkable thrombolytic activity. Therefore, steps should be taken to observe <em>in vivo</em> clot dissolving potential and to isolate active component(s) of these extracts.
In vitro,Streptokinase thrombolytic activity,% Clot lysis
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3226.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3226_d1e29ea198d0c745549e7303b7c5eef5.pdf