Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
Otostegia persica (Lamiaceae): A review on its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology
79
88
EN
Zahra
Sadeghi
Agricultural Research Center, High Educational complex of Saravan, I. R. Iran
sadeghi.phytochem@gmail.com
Maryam
Akaberi
Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
akaberim911@mums.ac.ir
Jafar
Valizadeh
Department of Biology, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan, I. R. Iran
walisade@hamoon.usb.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2014.2161
Abstract <br/>Objective: The current study summarizes the updated information concerning the ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and pharmacology of <em>Otostegia persica</em> Boiss. (Lamiaceae), an endemic medicinal plant in south and southeast of Iran. <br/>Materials and Methods: Information was collected through bibliographic investigation from scientific journals, books, theses, reports, and electronic search (databases SCOPUS, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct). Moreover, documentation from unpublished resources and ethnobotanical surveys has been used. The present review covers the literature available from 2003 to 2013. <br/>Results: In traditional systems of medicine, this plant is reputed for treating diabetes, arthritis, gastric discomfort, headache, rheumatism, sedative activities, regulating blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia. Phytochemical screening of active components and mineral element evaluation of this species have been reported. Several types of diterpenoids and flavonols including morin, kaempferol, and quercetin are identified from the plant. Most of the pharmacological activity of this plant resides in its flavonoid fraction which causes antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Various pharmacological studies on <em>O. persica</em> show antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-aphid, and hepatoprotective activities. <br/>Conclusion: Being an endemic plant of Iran, this species is an important medicinal herb which can be used for various purposes. This review might be helpful for scientists and researchers to find new chemical entities responsible for its claimed traditional uses and discover new lead compounds for diseases mentioned.
Otostegia,Pharmacology,Phytochemistry,Toxicity,Therapeutics,Traditional Medicine
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2161.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2161_9e5779fd4a4ab6f8eb80501572f77ac9.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
Identification of phenolic antioxidants in Ipomoea mauritiana jacq. using spectrophotometric and mass spectroscopic studies
89
96
EN
Cheruthazhakkat
Sulaiman
Centre for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala Kottakkal-676503, Kerala, India
slmnct@gmail.com
Sivadasan Pillai
Geetha
Centre for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala Kottakkal-676503, Kerala, India
Balachandran
Indira
Centre for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala Kottakkal-676503, Kerala, India
10.22038/ajp.2014.1104
Objective: <em>Ipomoea mauritiana</em> is used in both Ayurveda and folk medicine systems. The tuberous roots are known to be diuretic, depurative, carminative, and anthelmintic. The objective of the current study was to identify phenolic antioxidants from <em>I.</em><em> mauritiana</em> using spectrophotometric and LC-MS analysis. <br/>Materials and Methods: An activity-guided fractionation and purification process was used to identify the antioxidative components from <em>I.</em><em> mauritiana </em>tuber. Dried mature tubers of <em>I.</em><em> mauritiana</em> were extracted with 80% methanol and then partitioned by chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol. The acetone fraction showed the strongest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity among four fractions and was subjected to separation and purification using preparative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). <br/>Results: Two compounds were separated from the acetone fraction using preparative LC fraction collector. The purified compounds were screened for their antioxidative potential using DPPH assay. The compounds were subjected to LC-MS analysis in ESI negative mode. One of the compounds was identified as Caffeoyl glucose based on the mass fragmentation. <br/>Conclusion: The acetone fraction showed highest radical scavenging activity and the phytoconstituents of the same were identified by LC-MS/MS analysis.
Ipomoea mauritiana,Phenolics,DPPH,LC-ESI-MS
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1104.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1104_d2642c095162fe73fde6fc3d0407a676.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
Investigation of total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of Azadirachta indica roots
97
102
EN
Md. Delowar
Hossain
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
Md. Shahid
Sarwar
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
Syed Masudur
Rahman Dewan
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
Md. Shohel
Hossain
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
A. F. M.
Shahid-Ud-Daula
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
Mohammad
Safiqul Islam
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh
research_safiq@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2014.749
Objective: The present study was an attempt to study total phenolic content and antioxidant property of the crude ethanolic extract of the roots of <em>Azadirachta indica</em> (<em>A. indica</em>). <br/>Materials and Methods: To evaluate the antioxidant properties of the crude extract, some complementary test systems, namely DPPH free radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, and ferrous ion chelating ability and determination of total phenolic content were conducted. <br/>Results: In DPPH free radical scavenging test, IC<sub>50</sub> value of the crude extract was found to be fairly significant (13.81±0.06 μg/ml) while compared with that of the reference standards, ascorbic acid and BHA (2.12±0.02 and 4.87±0.05 μg/ml, respectively). In reducing power assay, the maximum absorbance for the extract was found to be 1.523 ±0.026 at 100 μg/ml compared with standard ascorbic acid and BHA (2.811±0.013 μg/ml and 2.031±0.019 μg/ml, respectively). The IC<sub>50</sub> value of the extract as percentage of Fe<sup>++ </sup>ion chelating ability was determined as 19.01±0.024 μg/ml where EDTA showed 8.87±0.035 μg/ml. The total phenolic amount was also calculated quite high in the extract (238.81±0.98 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent). <br/>Conclusion: The assays showed the presence of significant antioxidant properties of the crude sample, which would justify its traditional use. However, it would be very interesting to investigate the possible causes and their mechanisms responsible for the antioxidant property of the plant <em>A. indica</em>. <br/>
Azadirachta indica,Antioxidant,Activities DPPH Free Radical Scavenging,Total Penolic Content
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_749.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_749_a16696866fbe577364506cdd0d558127.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
Effects of saffron (Crocus sativus) petal ethanolic extract on hematology, antibody response, and spleen histology in rats
103
109
EN
Atefeh
Babaei
0000-0002-1140-7426
Department of Animal Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, I. R. Iran
atefeh.babaie@gmail.com
Javd
Arshami
Department of Animal Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, I. R. Iran
arshami007@gmail.com
Alireza
Haghparast
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
alireza.haghparast@gmail.com
Mohsen
Daneshmesgharan
Department of Animal Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, I. R. Iran
danesh@um.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2014.1912
Objective: Saffron petal is a by-product that contains flavonoids and anthocyanins. In order to study the effects of saffron petal extract (SPE) on blood parameters, immune system, and spleen histology, five treatments (n=6) were used in a completely randomized design. <br/>Materials and Methods: The treatments were 0, 75, 150, 225, and 450 mg/kg body weight of SPE. The SPE was injected intraperitoneally to 30 rats (10-week old, weighing 225±15 g) for 14 days. Immunization was performed using 1×10<sup>8</sup> sheep red blood cells (SRBC) on days 0 and 7 subcutaneously in all treatment groups. On day 15, blood was collected from the heart of rats after anesthesia. One part of samples were poured in heparinized tubes for counting whole blood cells (CBC) and different white blood cells (WBC) and the other part was used to measure IgG using ELISA technique. The spleen was stained by hematoxylin- eosin for histological study. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA program and the means evaluation was done using Tukey’s test. Results are presented as mean±SD. <br/>Results: Results showed no significant difference between treatments and control group regarding the amount of RBC, HGB, HCT, and PLT. The level of IgG at 75 mg/kg was significantly increased in comparison with other groups. No changes were observed in spleen histology. <br/>Conclusion: The results indicate that use of SPE at dose of 75 mg/kg causes an increase in antibody response without any change in hematological parameters and spleen histology.
Hematology,Immune system,Rat,Saffron petal extract
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1912.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1912_0b165242fd9399503faec3513799b63e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
Effect of the aqueous extract of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) on the kidney in experimental PCOS female rats
110
117
EN
Somayyeh
Sadrefozalayi
Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
sfozala@gmail.com
Farah
Farokhi
Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
f.farokhi@urmia.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2014.1824
Objective: <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> seed (<em>F. vulgare)</em> is a herbal plant which is used with phytoestrogene compounds for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) treatment. In this research, renoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of <em>Foeniculum vulgare </em>(AEF) in experimental PCOS female rats is studied. <br/>Materials and Methods: Forty female rats were randomly divided into five groups. The first group served as control,was injected with an equivalent volume (0.2 ml) of normal saline, and received normal diet. Animals in the second group were non poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats which were treated with intragastric administration of aqueous extract of <em>F. vulgare </em>(150 mg/kg b.w.). In the third group, the rats were treated with intraperitoneal injection of estradiolvalerate (EV) (4 mg in 0.2 ml of sesame oil). The fourth groups were treated with EV and AEF (150mg/kg bw) with the same route. The fifth groups were treated with EV and AEF (100mg/kg bw). After 4 weeks of study, all of the rats were sacrificed, their kidneys tissues were processed for light microscopy, and some biochemical parameters of serum were measured. <br/>Results: The mean values of blood urea nitrogen in PCOS rats treated with low dose of AEF and EV and non-treated, was significantly (p<0.05) increased compared with non-PCOS and PCOS rats treated with high dose of AEF. Moreover, histopathological changes of kidney samples were comparable in PCOS rats with respect to treated groups with AEF. <br/>Conclusion: Aqueous extract of fennel seed showed the beneficial effect (especially at dose of 150 mg/kg b.w.) on renal function in PCOS rats.
Estradiol-Valerate,Foeniculum vulgare,Kidney,Rat
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1824.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1824_6ed88551a54a829cd0568120d8015606.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
Effect of Bunium persicum aqueous extract plus endurance exercise on cardiorespiratory capacity and serum lipid profile
118
126
EN
Mohammad
Khaksari
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, I. R. Iran
Mohsen
Ahmadi
Department of Physical Education, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, I. R. Iran
mkhaksari@kmu.ac.ir
Hamid
Najafipour
0000-0002-8030-8704
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, I. R. Iran
najafipourh@yahoo.co.uk
Nader
Shahrokhi
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
shahrokhisa@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2014.2074
Objective(s): We examined the effects of endurance exercise in the presence of <em>Bunium persicum</em> extract administration on lipid profile and cardiorespiratory capacity in hypercholesterolemic male mice. <br/>Materials and Methods: Forty male hypercholesterolemic mice were divided into four groups: Vehicle, Endurance exercise (EE), <em>Bunium persicum</em> extract (BPE), and EE + BPE. The exercise protocol was performed at a speed of 18 m/min, 40 min/day, and 5 days/week for 6 weeks. The BPE was administered orally by a dose of 20 mg/Kg/day. <br/>Results: The results indicated that the 6-week endurance training accompanied by <em>Bunium Persicum</em> extract administration increased cardiorespiratory capacity significantly (601±39 <em>vs.</em> 293±20 meters, p<0.001). Total cholesterol level was significantly reduced in EE + BPE compared with Vehicle and EE groups (p<0.05). LDL-c was lower in EE + BPE compared with the Vehicle (p<0.01). HDL-c in BPE and EE + BPE groups was significantly higher than Vehicle (pConclusion: The results suggested that <em>Bunium persicum</em> extract is very useful in improvement of lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic animals. Supplementation of the extractto exercise significantly increased the cardiorespiratory capacity.
Bunium persicum extract,Cardiorespiratory capacity,Endurance Exercise,Hypercholesterolemia,lipid profile
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2074.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2074_3a963936a180a49fd40f30f7dfcf6a2e.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
Anti-inflammatory effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds on acetic acid-induced acute colitis in rats
127
136
EN
Mohsen
Minaiyan
0000-0002-2129-6299
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran.
minaiyan@pharm.mui.ac.ir
Gholamreza
Asghari
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
asghari@pharm.mui.ac.ir
Diana
Taheri
Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
Mozhgan
Saeidi
Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
Salar
Nasr-Esfahani
School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
10.22038/ajp.2014.1072
Objective: Anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, and antioxidant properties of <em>Moringa oleifera </em>Lam. suggest that it might have beneficial effects on colitis. The present study was performed to investigate the anticolitis effect of <em>Moringa </em><em>oleifera</em> seeds hydro-alcoholic extract (MSHE) and its chloroform fraction (MCF) on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. <br/>Materials and Methods: Both MSHE and MCF with three increasing doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were administered orally to separate groups of male Wistar rats, 2 h before ulcer induction (using acetic acid 4%) and continued for 5 days. Prednisolone (4 mg/kg) and normal saline (1 ml/kg) were used in reference and control groups, respectively. All rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last dose (at day 6) and tissue injuries were assessed macroscopically and pathologically. <br/>Results: Extracts with three doses mentioned before were effective to reduce weight of distal colon (8 cm) as a marker for inflammation and tissue edema. Three doses of MSHE and two greater doses of MCF (100 and 200 mg/kg) were effective to reduce ulcer severity, area, and index as well as mucosal inflammation severity and extent, crypt damage, invasion involvement, total colitis index, and MPO activity compared with controls. MCF (50 mg/kg) was not significantly effective in reducing evaluated parameters of colitis compared with controls. <br/>Conclusion: It is concluded that MSHE and MCF were both effective to treat experimental colitis and this might be attributed to their similar major components, biophenols and flavonoids. Since the efficacy was evident even in low doses of MSHE, presence of active constituents with high potency in seeds is persuasive.
Acetic acid,Colitis,Inflammation,Moringa oleifera Lam,Rats,Seeds Extract
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1072.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1072_60363089750b9c601a40e25a11db8c6c.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
4
2
2014
03
01
The effects of aqueous extract of Aloe vera leaves on the gastric acid secretion and brain and intestinal water content following acetic acid- induced gastric ulcer in male rats
137
143
EN
Zakieh
Keshavarzi
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bojnurd University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, I. R. Iran
zakieh_keshavarzi@yahoo.com
Taha Mohammad
Rezapour
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, I. R. Iran
Mehran
Vatanchian
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bojnurd University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, I. R. Iran
Mohammad Zare
Hesari
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, I. R. Iran
Hadi
Nabizade Haghighi
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, I. R. Iran
Mostafa
Izanlu
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, I. R. Iran
mostafaizanlu: @gmail.com
Maryam
Sabaghian
Department of Physiology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, I. R. Iran
maryam.sabaghian@gmail.com
Kaveh
Shahveisi
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
shahveisik871@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2014.1909
Objective: Gut–brain axis (GBA) is very important in creation and modulation of gastrointestinal problems.<em> Aloe vera</em> gel has gastroprotective properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of <em>Aloe vera </em>leaves on the gastric acid secretion and brain and intestinal water content following acetic acid gastric ulcer induction. <br/>Materials and Methods: Gastric ulcer was induced by injection of 20% acetic acid into the subserosal layer in male rats. Rats were randomly assigned into three groups: intact group, gastric ulcer group and <em>Aloe vera</em> group (treatment with <em>Aloe vera</em> following gastric ulcer induction). The acid levels and brain and intestinal water content of each sample were measured eight days after the gastric ulcer induction. <br/>Results: Gastric acid levels were significantly decreased in <em>Aloe vera</em> group when compared with gastric ulcer group (p<0.05). However, there were no differences in acid output between gastric ulcer and <em>Aloe vera</em> groups with intact group. After <em>Aloe vera</em> administration, the amount of brain water content had no difference with intact and gastric ulcer groups (p<0.05). The duodenal water content in <em>Aloe vera</em> group was significantly reduced compared with intact group (p<0.05) but gastric ulcer group had no significant difference with intact and <em>Aloe vera</em> group. <br/>Conclusions: The administration of <em>Aloe vera</em> has an inhibitory effect on the gastric acid output.
Aloe vera,Brain water content,Gastric acid secretion,Peptic ulcer
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1909.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1909_c29256ed9e4ec6d4b06560c168c07d7b.pdf