Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Umbelliprenin, a bioactive constituent from the genus Ferula has cytotoxic and apoptotic activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner
1
2
EN
Seyed Ali
Ziai
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
saziai@gmail.com
Omid
Gholami
0000-0002-6757-4303
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
omidghphd@gmail.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13567
Umbelliprenin,Apoptosis,Dose-Response
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13567.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13567_5051de673fc3fee1bf84b57228beb621.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
In vitro antibacterial activity of curcumin-meropenem combination against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria isolated from burn wound infections
3
10
EN
javad
Yasbolaghy sharahi
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
j.yasbolaghi@gmail.com
zahra
Ahovan
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ahovanzahra@gmail.com
Donya
Taghizadeh Maleki
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
donya92.tm@gmail.com
Zahra
Riahi Rad
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
z.riahi_rad@yahoo.com
Zohreh
Riahi Rad
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
z_riahi_rad@yahoo.com
Mehdi
Goudarzi
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
gudarzim@yahoo.com
Aref
Shariati
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
arefshariati0111@gmail.com
Narjess
Bostanghadiri
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ghadiri_n10@yahoo.com
Elham
Abbasi
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
elhamabasi69@yahoo.com
Ali
Hashemi
0000-0002-7258-5541
Depratment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
hashemi1388@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13465
Objective: Burn wound infection is a severe complication of thermal injury. Patients with severe burn injuries need urgent care to diminish complications after severe burns. Wound infections are commonly considered one of the most serious burn complications, particularly those that are caused by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria with few therapeutic choices. The objective of this study was to determine in vitro activity of meropenem and curcumin, alone and in combination, against antibiotic-susceptible Gram-positive, and antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic susceptible gram-negative bacteria isolated from burn wound infections. <br /> Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activity of meropenem and curcumin was investigated alone and in combination, against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacterial (XDR) strains isolated from burn patients. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of curcumin on human’s epithelial cell lines, was determined.<br /> Results: In this study, minimum inhibitory concentrations of meropenem decreased considerably in the presence of curcumin (2- to 16-fold reductions), with synergy observed. Curcumin exerted no cytotoxic effect at concentrations 256-512 µg/ml on human epithelial cell lines.<br /> Conclusion: We suggest that curcumin-antibiotic combinations may provide an alternative approach for treating infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria.
Curcumin,Meropenem,Extensively drug-resistant (XDR),Antibacterial,Wound,Infections
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13465.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13465_a625c074febc1f42afd489928be717e5.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Molecular mechanisms underlying gallic acid effects against cardiovascular diseases: An update review
11
23
EN
Ghaidafeh
Akbari
0000-0003-0454-2002
Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
ghaidafehakbari@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13537
<strong>Objective: </strong>The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is growing. CVDs are the major cause of mortality and have become one of the most important health challenges in developing countries. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural phytochemical which has been widely used against multiple conditions. The present review was designed to evaluate molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of this agent against CVDs.<br /> <strong>Material and Methods: </strong>Data discussed in this review were collected from the articles published in databases such as Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Scientific Information Database between 1993 and 2018.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> According to the experimental studies, GA has protective actions against CVDs through increasing antioxidant enzymes capacity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and decreasing serum levels of cardiac marker enzymes, modulation of hemodynamic parameters, recovery of electrocardiogram aberrations, and preservation of histopathological changes.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>GA has potential cardioprotective action. Therefore, it has been suggested that this agent can be administered in underlying of CVDS.
Gallic acid,Cardiovascular diseases,Molecular mechanisms
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13537.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13537_224ed8cfa35db55961189a06ba48be2d.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Comparison of Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 ratios between wet and dry cupping therapies in Persian medicine
24
34
EN
reza
Soleimani
0000-0002-1789-7526
Department of Persian medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
soleimanir911@mums.ac.ir
Mojgan
Mohammadi
Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Seyed Ahmad
Saghebi
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
saghebia@mums.ac.ir
Ali
Taghipour
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
taghipoura@mums.ac.ir
Ali
Khorsand Vakilzadeh
Department of Complementary and Chinese Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Jalil
Tavakkol Afshari
Immunology Research Center, School of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
10.22038/ajp.2019.13469
Objective: In Persian medicine (PM), wet-cupping therapy (WCT) is the most utilized approach. WCT is mostly done between the shoulders, which is referred to as “hejamt-e-aam” in the Persian language. CD4+T cells also refer to T helper lymphocytes play a critical role in the immune system. Naïve CD4+ T cells differentiate into at least four subsets, T helper 1 (Th1), T helper 2 (Th2), T helper 17 (Th17), and T regulatory (Treg) cells. The master regulator controlling each subset have been defined as follows, Tbet (Th1), Gata3 (Th2), RORγt (Th17), FoxP3 (Treg). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of WCT and dry-cupping therapy (DCT) on the ratios of Th1/Th2 and Treg /Th17 in healthy individuals. <br /> Material and Methods: Participants were divided randomly into two groups of 41 men in the WCT group and 40 men in the DCT group. Blood was taken, before, one and four weeks after the intervention. RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the expression of T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt, and Foxp3 genes were determined by using SYBR green RT-PCR technique. <br /> Results: The results showed that WCT increased the expression ofGATA-3, RORγt, and Foxp3 transcription factor genes (p=0.009, p=0.001, and p=0.021, respectively). Although in the WCT group, the ratio of Foxp3/RORγt increased (p=0.048), but the ratio of T-bet/GATA-3 (Th1/Th2) decreased (p=0.971).<br /> Conclusion: Our findings indicated that WCT may regulate the T subsets of lymphocyte and reduce inflammation.
Wet Cupping Therapy,Subsets of T lymphocyte,Persian Medicine
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13469.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13469_aad38653767711b0379e552a7ebc3837.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) fruit hydro-alcoholic extract alleviates reproductive toxicity of lead in male mice: Evidence on sperm parameters, sex hormones, oxidative stress biomarkers and expression of Nrf2 and iNOS
35
49
EN
Ali
Soleimanzadeh
0000-0002-1591-2198
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
a.soleimanzadeh@urmia.ac.ir
Mehdi
Kian
0000-0002-1930-2346
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
mehdi.kian@live.com
Sajjad
Moradi
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
s.moradi@urmia.ac.ir
Soraya
Mahmoudi
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
s.mahmoudi@urmia.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.13513
Objective: Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is an evergreen tree with fruits that have potent antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate alleviative effects of carob fruit hydro-alcoholic extract (CFHAE) against reproductive toxicity induced by lead (Pb) in male mice.<br /> Material and Methods: Forty-two NMRI adult male mice were randomly categorized into 7 groups (N=6). Group I was the control group and received no treatment. Group II was the sham group and received 0.2 ml distilled water per day. Group III (Pb group) received Pb acetate 1000 ppm/kg/day. Groups IV and V received CFHAE 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. Groups VI and VII received both Pb 1000 ppm/kg/day and CFHAE at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively at the same time. The groups were treated by gavage. After 35 days, sperm parameters (count, motility, morphology, viability, DNA damage, and teratozoospermia index), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione content (GSH), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) activity, MDA levels, and sex hormones (FSH, LH, and testosterone) concentrations in serum, testicular expression of Nrf2 and iNOS genes and histopathological alterations were evaluated.<br /> Results: Our findings revealed that co-administration of CFHAE with Pb significantly (pNrf2 and iNOS genes compared with Pb group. Also, CFHAE ameliorated histopathological alterations in testis tissue caused by Pb.<br /> Conclusion: CFHAE can alleviate reproductive toxicity following Pb exposure in male mice.
Ceratonia siliqua,Pb poisoning,Oxidative stress,Lipid Peroxidation,Nrf2,Inducible nitric oxide synthase,Male reproductive system
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13513.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13513_da367e300f5ba1694b69014c6e2fbed3.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Does p-coumaric acid improve cardiac injury following LPS-induced lung inflammation through miRNA-146a activity?
50
57
EN
Maryam
Kheiry
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine,Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
m.kheiry@yahoo.com
Mahin
Dianat
0000-0002-0305-5715
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
dianat@ajums.ac.ir
Mohammad
Badavi
0000-0003-2290-8565
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
badavim@yahoo.com
Seyed Ali
Mard
https://orcid.org/0
Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
alimard77@gmail.com
Vahid
Bayati
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
bayati-v@ajums.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.13526
Objective: In cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory response plays an important role and affects heart function. As a flavonoid compound, p-coumaric acid (pCA), commonly exists in many fruits and vegetables and has a therapeutic effect on inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of the present study was to investigate pCA anti-inflammatory effect and the miRNAs (miRs) signaling pathway involved in cardiac inflammation following lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI).<br /> Material and Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups: control (received saline for 10 days, i.p.), LPS (received saline for 10 days+5 mg/kg LPS on day 8, intratracheally), pCA (received pCA 100 mg/kg for 10 days, ip), and LPS+pCA (received LPS+pCA). The level of IL-1β, IL-18 in heart tissue and IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was determined by ELISA kits. Also the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in heart tissue and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in lung tissue were measured, and pCA effect on miR- 146a in heart tissue was analyzed.<br /> Results: Data showed that 100 mg/kg of pCA significantly suppressed LDH activity (p<0.05), IL-18 (p<0.05) and IL-1β (p<0.01) level in heart tissue. Also, in BAL, IL-1β and MPO levels were significantly reduced (p<0.001). Finally, pCA modulated activation of miR-146a (p<0.05) in LPS -induced cardiac injury. <br /> Conclusion: These findings indicated that LPS causes cardiac dysfunction and pre-treatment with pCA, as an anti-inflammatory agent, improved cardiac inflammation through modulation of miR-146a, and reducing cytokines and LDH activity.
LPS,p-Coumaric acid,Acute lung injury,miRNA 146a,Cardiac inflammation
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13526.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13526_3c5a438e05ebfe7065ed90055bc89fe9.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Effect of chamomile on chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in pediatric leukemia patients: A randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
58
69
EN
Babak
Daneshfard
0000-0001-6729-9113
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
babakdaneshfard@gmail.com
Mahdi
Shahriari
Hematology Research Center, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
shahryar@sums.ac.ir
Alireza
Heiran
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
heiran.alireza@gmail.com
Majid
Nimrouzi
0000-0003-4630-2082
Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
nimruzim@sums.ac.ir
Hassan
Yarmohammadi
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
yarmohammadihassan@yahoo.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13558
<strong>Objective:</strong> Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is one of the main side effects of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. In this trial, we evaluated the efficacy of chamomile in management of neutropenia. <br /> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 2-18-year-old children with ALL. Participants in each group daily received 2.5 ml of either chamomile syrup or placebo syrup for a period of 30 days. Participants’ white blood cell (WBC), and absolute neutrophil count (ANC), as well as their quality of life were evaluated. <br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The study was completed with a total of 40 patients. An increasing trend of ANC was observed in the treatment group despite the decreasing trend in placebo group, which was statistically significant between the two groups (P Interaction=0.019, 95% confidence intervals=15.076–171.324). No serious side effects were reported.<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Using chamomile syrup as a complementary therapy in children with leukemia could improve their immunity (as it increased WBC) by minimizing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.
Chamomile,chemotherapy,Leukemia,Matricaria chamomilla,Neutropenia,Persian Medicine
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13558.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13558_a9b9dd54a76df1fb80fe7bdb8e208395.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Tanacetum parthenium enhances pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors
70
77
EN
Fatemeh
Forouzanfar
0000-0003-0023-6470
Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
forouzanfarf@mums.ac.ir
Hamed
Ghazavi
Department for Population and Family Health, Vice Chancellery for Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
ghazavih1@mums.ac.ir
Mohammad Mahdi
Vahedi
0000-0002-2607-0715
Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran.
vahedimm901@mums.ac.ir
Kimia
Tarah
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
tarah@mums.ac.ir
Zahra
Yavari
Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
yavariz@mums.ac.ir
Azar
Hosseini
0000-0002-3423-0539
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
hoseiniaz@mums.ac.ir
Azita
Aghaee
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
aghaeea@mums.ac.ir
Hasan
Rakhshandeh
0000-0002-2118-1096
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.13391
<strong>Objective: </strong>Sleep disorders are among the most common psychiatric and medical conditions. In the present study, the hypnotic effect of <em>Tanacetum parthenium </em>was studied in mice<strong>. </strong><br /> <strong>Material and Methods: </strong>The hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE) of <em>T. parthenium</em> and three fractions of it, namely water fraction (WF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and <em>n</em>-hexane fraction (NHF), were intraperitoneally (ip) administrated to mice 30 min before injection of sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg, ip). Then, 30 min after administration of HAE, motor coordination (rota-rod test) was evaluated. Besides, LD<sub>50</sub> of HAE was determined and the cytotoxicity of HAE was evaluated in PC12 cells using the MTT assay.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> HAE 50-200 mg/kg increased the sleeping time. EAF was the only fraction which could prolong the sleep duration and decrease sleep latency. The LD50 value was 4.8 g/kg. The extract induced no cytotoxic effects in PC12 cell line.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggested that <em>T. parthenium</em> potentiates pentobarbital hypnosis without causing toxic effects. Probably, its effects are mediated by the components present in EAF of this plant.
Pentobarbital,PC12,Sleep,Tanacetum parthenium,Herbal Medicine
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13391.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13391_6f8778a068560c1310f76f93424afa65.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Zataria multiflora extract reverses lipopolysaccharide-induced anxiety and depression behaviors in rats
78
88
EN
Zohreh
Arab
Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
zohreh.arab10@gmail.com
Mahmoud
Hosseini
0000-0001-6425-5123
Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
hosseinim@mums.ac.ir
Fatemeh
Mashayekhi
Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Jiroft University of Medical Science, Jiroft, Iran
fatememashayekhi@yahoo.com
Akbar
Anaeigoudari
0000-0002-1422-393x
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
anaeiga317@gmail.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13492
Objective: Stressors have an important role in sickness behaviors. We checked the effect of Zataria multiflora (ZM) extract against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced anxiety and depression behaviors in rats. <br /> Material and Methods: Rats were distributed in the following groups (n=10): Control, LPS (1 mg/kg), LPS-ZM50, LPS-ZM100 and LPS-ZM200. LPS was syringed intraperitoneally (ip) 2 hr before performing behavioral tests. LPS-ZM groups were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg (ip) of ZM extract 30 min before LPS administration. Open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming (FS) tests were done. White blood cell (WBC) was counted in all groups.<br /> Results: In OF, pretreatment with ZM extract augmented the number of lines crossed and traveled distance in central and peripheral areas. The rats treated with ZM extract spent more time in the central zone and less time in the peripheral area compared to the LPS group. In EPM, the number of entries into the open and closed arms and stop time in the open arms in LPS-ZM groups were higher than the LPS group. The stop time in the closed arms of ZM-LPS groups was less than the LPS group. In FS test, swimming and climbing time in groups treated with ZM extract was more than the LPS group while their immobility time was less. WBC count in the LPS-ZM100 and LPS-ZM200 was lower than that of the LPS group. <br /> Conclusion: Based on the results, pretreatment with ZM extract restituted anxiety and depression caused by LPS in rats. This effect of ZM was associated with amelioration of LPS-promoted inflammation.
Zataria multiflora,Lipopolysaccharide,Anxiety,Depression
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13492.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13492_ac84be59b95d88ccb523ab193b75dd11.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Determining factors for Cannabis use among Moroccans Schizophrenic Patients: A cross sectional study
89
100
EN
Bouri
Sara
Department of Biology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology & environmental Health, Faculty of Science Fez, BP 1796 Fez-Atlas 30003, Morocco.
bourisara88@gmail.com
Zemmama
Hanane
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Hassan II Fez,BP 1893, road of Sidi Hrazem Fez 30000, Morocco.
zemmama.hanane@hotmail.com
El Ayoubi Idrissi
Khadija
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Hassan II Fez,BP 1893, road of Sidi Hrazem Fez 30000, Morocco.
douja_ayoubi@hotmail.com
Berraho
Mohamed Amine
Department of Epidemiology Public Health Pathway, Faculty of Medicine Fez, BP 1893, road of Sidi Hrazem Fez 30000, Morocco.
maberraho@yahoo.fr
Abdellaoui
Abdelfattah
Department of Biology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology & environmental Health, Faculty of Science Fez, BP 1796 Fez-Atlas 30003, Morocco.
abdellaouia@yahoo.fr
Badiaa
Lyoussi
0000-0001-6090-6558
Department of Biology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology & environmental Health, Faculty of Science Fez, BP 1796 Fez-Atlas 30003, Morocco.
lyoussi@gmail.com
Rammouz
Ismail
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Hassan II Fez,BP 1893, road of Sidi Hrazem Fez 30000, Morocco.
ismailrammouz@gmail.com
Achour
Sanae
Department of Toxicology, University Hospital Hassan II Fez, BP 1893, road of Sidi Hrazem Fez 30000, Morocco.
achoursanae@gmail.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13939
<strong>Objective:</strong> Cannabis use is considered a major clinical problem associated with a poorer outcome in patients with schizophrenia. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of cannabis us among patients with schizophrenia. The assessment consists in comparing some factors related to substance use in a population of schizophrenic patients between cannabis users and non-users.<br /> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Four hundred and three participants who were examined prospectively during their hospitalization answered the PANNS scale of schizophrenia, GAF, BIS-10, CDSS, and MARS. The consumption of cannabis was investigated using urine toxicological analysis. Sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic data were also recorded.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of cannabis use among schizophrenic inpatients was 49%. Patients with cannabis use were younger (31.7 vs 34.9 years old, p<0.001), more often male (52 vs 20% female, p<0.001), and they presented more often a history of imprisonment (68.8% vs 31.2%, p<0.001). Patients who were users of cannabis had a lower age at onset of the disease than non-users (23.6 vs 24.8 years, p=0.029), and more often with poor medication adherence (p=0.001). Logistic regression revealed that factors associated with cannabis use among schizophrenics were the age, gender, history of imprisonment and poor medication adherence.<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study showed that a high prevalence of cannabis use among patients with schizophrenia which was associated with negative overall outcomes. Determining comorbid substance use disorders among schizophrenic patients is crucial as it may contribute to establish a better therapeutic strategy.
Cannabis,Schizophrenia,Toxicological analysis,Prevalence,Comorbidity
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13939.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13939_894ba8ed2ee8b5f0aab8062baf1ba04c.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
10
1
2020
01
01
Evaluating bioactive constituents and toxicological effects of aqueous extract of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds in rats
101
113
EN
Eziuche Amadike
Ugbogu
Department of Biochemistry Abia State University, PMB 2000, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria.
amasryal@yahoo.com
Chukwumaobim Daniel
Nwoku
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, Federal University Wukari, PMB 1020, Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria.
danielnwokwu@fuwukari.edu.ng
Victor Chibueze
Ude
https://orcid.org/00
Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine Enugu State University of Science and Technology, PMB 01660, Enugu-Nigeria.
victor_chibueze@yahoo.co.uk
Okezie
Emmanuel
Department of Biochemistry Abia State University, PMB 2000, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria.
emmanuelokezie7@gmail.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13557
<strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed at evaluating the bioactive constituents and the toxicological profile of the aqueous fermented seed extract of <em>P. macrophylla</em>.<br /> <strong>Material and Methods: </strong>The chemical constituents of fermented <em>P. macrophylla</em> were assessed using GC-MS. For acute toxicity study, one-time doses of up to 5000 mg/kg of the extract were orally administered to male and female rats whereas 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of the <em>P.</em><em> macrophylla</em> extract were orally administered daily for 14 days in sub-acute toxicity investigation. Biochemical, haematological and lipid profiles were assessed following standard methods.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> Bioactive compounds such as citronellol and oxirane, tetradecyl- (hexadecylene oxide) were identified in the extract. In acute toxicity test, no death or sign of toxicity was identified. For sub-acute study, ALT decreased significantly (p<0.05) while HDL-C had dose-dependent increases. No effect (p<0.05) on haematological parameters except on platelets was found. No histopathological changes were observed.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrated that the extract of fermented <em>P. macrophylla</em> caused no toxic effects in the rats at the tested doses. Therefore, they may be termed safe for consumption and therapeutic uses.
Pentaclethra macrophylla,Bioactive compounds,lipid profile,Hepatic enzyme,Histopathology
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13557.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13557_fd7322537f70ddafb8d2f8ceba575407.pdf