Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Gastro-protective effect of Biebersteinia multifida root hydro-methanolic extract in rats with ethanol-induced peptic ulcer
410
418
EN
Mahdi
Raeesi
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
mahdi0062@gmail.com
Narges
Eskandari-Roozbahani
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
neskandari32@gmail.com
Tahoora
Shomali
0000000259547815
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, department of basic sciences, school of veterinary medicine, shiraz university, shiraz, iran
tshomali@shirazu.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.12902
<strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Objective:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> <em>Biebersteinia multifida</em></span><span style="font-size: medium;"> is one of the native plants of Iran and its root is used in folk medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the gastro-protective effect of the hydro-methanolic extract of this plant's roots against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. </span><br /> <strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Materials and Methods:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> The following five groups of seven rats were included in this study: control (C), gastric ulcer (GU), control omeprazole (CO) and two treatment groups (the latter 3 groups were rats with gastric ulcer that orally received omeprazole, 20 mg/kg, or the root extract at 150 and 300 mg/kg (BM 150</span><span style="font-size: medium;">and BM 300, respectively) 1 hour before ulcer induction). One hour after ulcer induction, blood sampling was performed and after sacrificing animals, the stomachs were immediately removed. Gastric mucosal injury was studied grossly to determine the number and area of gastric ulcers. The level of nitric oxide (NO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in gastric mucosa as well as serum TNF-α were determined. </span><br /> <strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> In GU group, severe mucosal injuries were observed (p<span style="font-size: medium;">The lesions in CO and treatment groups were much milder than GU group by regarding ulcer area and number (p<span style="font-size: medium;"> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">In treated (BM 150 and BM 300) groups, the gastric mucosal TAC and NO level were significantly higher than GU group (p<br /> <strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Conclusion:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> <em>B. multifida </em></span><span style="font-size: medium;">possesses gastro-protective effects against ethanol-induced ulcer model; this effect is at least partly related to plant’s antioxidant and NO production accelerating properties.</span></span></span></span>
Biebersteinia multifida,Peptic ulcer,Rat,Antioxidant,Anti-inflammatory
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12902.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12902_c0e05c3d79a5e9151fdc0d5333b14790.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Effects of saffron (Crocus sativus) on sexual dysfunction among men and women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
419
427
EN
Hossein
Ranjbar
0000-0002-8755-3761
Department of nursing, school of nursing and midwifery,Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
ranjbarh1@gmail.com
Akram
Ashrafizaveh
Department of midwifery, school of nursing and midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
ashrafizaveh@thums.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.12686
<strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;">This systematic review and meta-analysis study evaluated the effect of saffron (<em>Crocus sativus</em></span><span style="font-size: medium;">) on sexual dysfunction and its subscales (dimensions) among men and women.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Material and Methods: </strong>PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, as well as Scientific Information Database (www.SID.ir) and Magiran (as Persian databases) were searched without any time and language restrictions. Statistical pooling was done using the random effects model.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 5 studies comprising 173 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The analysis showed a statistically significant positive effect of saffron on sexual dysfunction (Std diff in means=0.811; 95% CI, 0.356–1.265) and its subscales (Std diff in means=0.493; 95% CI, 0.261–0.724). Heterogeneity indexes such as Cochran Q index and </span> <span style="font-size: medium;"> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">indicated a heterogeneity among the included studies (Q=9:981, df:4, (p=0.041),</span><span style="font-size: medium;">I</span><sup><span style="font-size: small;">2</span></sup><span style="font-size: medium;">=59.92%). There was no evidence of publication bias in these studies.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In general, saffron was proven effective in improving sexual dysfunction and its subscales among participants; this effect was different on different dimensions of sexual dysfunction. Further studies are required to extend these initial findings.</span>
Saffron,Crocus sativus,Sexual,Sexual dysfunction
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12686.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12686_0a5d6e4ca3060ef15f5b8fd39bc611e4.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Curcumin effects on myeloperoxidase, interleukin-18 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 inflammatory biomarkers in patients with unstable angina: A randomized clinical trial
428
435
EN
Amir hooshang
Mohammad pour
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
mohammadpouras11@mums.ac.ir
Mostafa
Dastani
Department of Cardiology, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
dastanim11@mums.ac.ir
Roshanak
Salari
0000-0003-4690-7823
Department of Clinical Persian Pharmacy, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
salarir@mums.ac.ir
Sohrab
Radbin
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
radbins11@mums.ac.ir
Soghra
Mehri
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
mehris11@mums.ac.ir
Maryam
Ghorbani
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ghorbania11@mums.ac.ir
Asieh
Karimani
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
karimania921@mums.ac.ir
Masoumeh
Salari
0000-0002-3443-6158
Department of Internal Medicine, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
salarim@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.12644
<strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Objective:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> Inflammation along with oxidative stress plays an important role in the development, progression, instability and rupture of coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies introduced curcumin (diferuloylmethane) as a wonderful chemical in <em>Curcuma longa</em></span><span style="font-size: medium;"> (turmeric) with appropriate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The effect of curcumin on inflammatory biomarkers was assessed in several clinical trials. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of curcumin on three pro-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with unstable angina.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Forty patients with unstable angina who met the inclusion criteria, participated in this double-blind randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The patients in the treatment group received nanocurcumin 80 mg per day for 5 days and the control group received placebo 80 mg per day for five days. Blood samples were obtained before the administration, and also 1, 2 and 4 days after taking the treatment. Serum concentrations of </span><span style="font-size: medium;">Myeloperoxidase (MPO), </span><span style="font-size: medium;">matrix metalloproteinase-9 </span>(<span style="font-size: medium;">MMP-9) and interleukin 18</span> (<span style="font-size: medium;">IL-18) biomarkers were measured by ELISA.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Results:</strong> There was no significant difference in concentration of these biomarkers before the administration and 1, 2 and 4 days after the start of the trial, between the two groups; however, the concentration of IL-18 on the first day significantly varied between the groups.</span><br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Based on the findings of this study, administration of nanocurcumin capsules at the dose of 80 mg per day for 5 days, did not significantly decrease inflammatory biomarkers in patients with unstable angina.
Curcumin,Interlukein-18,Myeloperoxidase,Matrix metalloproteinase-9,Unstable angina
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12644.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12644_fee71c2082c660af6ee96286e33aac36.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Effects of saffron on homocysteine, and antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized double-blind clinical trial
436
445
EN
Hajieh
Shahbazian
Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
hjb.shahbazian@gmail.com
Armaghan
Moravej Aleali
0000-0002-0694-0656
Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
a.m.aleali69@gmail.com
Reza
Amani
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Science, Food security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
amani-r@ajums.ac.ir
Foroogh
Namjooyan
0000-0002-3171-479x
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
namjoyan@yahoo.com
Bahman
Cheraghian
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
cheraghain2000@yahoo.com
Seyed Mhmoud
Latifi
Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
sml1381@yahoo.com
Sara
Bahrainian
Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
s-bahrainian@razi.tums.ac.ir
Ataallah
Ghadiri
Cellular and molecular research center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
ata.ghadiri@hotmail.fr
10.22038/ajp.2019.12854
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Objective:</strong> Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common health problems worldwide. Studies have shown that saffron and its derivatives may have therapeutic potentials in T2DM through reducing plasma glucose. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of saffron extract on serum anti-inflammatory and antioxidant variables in T2DM patients.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial conducted on 64 T2DM patients. Participants received either 15 mg of saffron or placebo capsules (two pills per day) for 3 months Anthropometric indices, homocysteine, serum anti-inflammatory and antioxidant variables and dietary intake were assessed pre- and post-intervention. </span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Results:</strong> After 3 months of treatment, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) increased significantly in both group (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA),highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin 10(IL-10) after the treatment period (p>0.05). Homocysteine decteased significantly in control group (p<0.05).</span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Our results showed no improvement in homocystein levels, antioxidant status and inflammatory biomarkers in T2DM patients after treatment with saffron. </span>
Inflammatory,Antioxidant,Saffron,Type 2 diabetes mellitus,Biomarkers
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12854.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12854_a6e0f2da28ff36d3fa6d48f4f06b2873.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Gummosin, a sesquiterpene coumarin from Ferula assa-foetida is preferentially cytotoxic to human breast and prostate cancer cell lines
446
453
EN
Milad
Iranshahi
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
iranshahiml@mums.ac.ir
Faegheh
Farhadi
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
farhadif951@mums.ac.ir
Babak
Paknejad
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
drpakb@yahoo.com
Parvin
Zareian
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
zareianj2011@yahoo.com
Mehrdad
Iranshahi
Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
iranshahim@mums.ac.ir
Masoumeh
Karami
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
karami1999@gmail.com
Seyed Reza
Abtahi
0000-0002-9863-5631
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
seyrezabt@gmail.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.12598
<strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Objective:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> The present study was conducted to find cytotoxic compounds from oleo-gum-resin of <em>Ferula assa-foetida</em></span><span style="font-size: medium;"> (asafoetida).</span><br /> <strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Materials and Methods:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> A dichloromethane extract of asafoetida was subjected to different chromatography analyses (including column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography) to isolate its bioactive sesquiterpene coumarins. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated through </span><sup><span style="font-size: small;">1</span></sup><span style="font-size: medium;">H-NMR spectra interpretation and comparison with those reported in the literature. To measure the cytotoxic activity of pure compounds, a non-fluorescent substrate called resazurin (alamarBlue</span><sup><span style="font-size: small;">®</span></sup><span style="font-size: medium;">)</span><span style="font-size: medium;">was used in this study. Human breast and prostate cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and PC-3, respectively) and a normal human embryonic stem cell (NIH) were treated with different concentrations (50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 µg/mL) of pure compounds.</span><br /> <strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Results:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> In this study, 10 sesquiterpene coumarins were isolated from oleo-gum-resin of <em>F. assa-foetida</em></span><span style="font-size: medium;"> and cytotoxic activity of 6 compounds was tested against MCF-7 and PC-3 cell lines and NIH cells. Badrakemin acetate (7), ferukrinone (8) and deacetyl kellerin (10) were found for the first time in the oleo-gum-resin of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">F. assa-foetida</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">. Gummosin (4) showed moderate cytotoxic activity with IC</span><sub><span style="font-size: small;">50</span></sub><span style="font-size: medium;"> values of 30 and 32.1 µg/mL against PC-3 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. None of the isolated compounds showed toxicity against NIH as a normal human cell line. </span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The preferential cytotoxic activity of gummosin against cancer cell lines is reported for the first time in this study.</span>
Ferula assa-foetida,Apiaceae,Gummosin,Cytotoxicity,MCF-7,PC-3
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12598.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12598_71632e9abbd2635c696c52a60bf6a6de.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
The anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of a combination of Commiphora mukul, Commiphora myrrha and Terminalia chebula in diabetic rats
454
464
EN
Reyhaneh
Sotoudeh
Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
sotoudehr951@mums.ac.ir
Mousa-al-reza
Hajzadeh
0000-0003-0086-6472
Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
hajzadehmr@mums.ac.ir
Zahra
Gholamnezhad
0000-0001-6280-7246
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
gholamnezhadz@mums.ac.ir
Azita
Aghaee
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
aghaeea1@mums.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.12721
<strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Objective:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> Effects of <em>Commiphora mukul</em></span><span style="font-size: medium;"> and </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">Commiphora myrrha</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;"> ethanolic extracts and </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">Terminalia chebula</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;"> hydro-ethanolic extract combination were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. </span><br /> <strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Materials and Methods:</span></strong><span style="font-size: medium;"> Male Wistar rats (n=48) were randomly assigned into: control; diabetic; diabetic+metformin (300 mg/kg); diabetic+dose 1 of herbal combination (438 mg/kg of <em>C. mukul</em></span><span style="font-size: medium;">+214 mg/kg of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">C. myrrha</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">+857 mg/kg of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">T. chebula</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">); diabetic+dose 2 (642 mg/kg of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">C. mukul</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">+214 mg/kg of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">C. myrrha</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">+642 mg/kg of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">T. chebula</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">); and diabetic+dose 3 (857 mg/kg of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">C. mukul</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">+438 mg/kg of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">C. myrrha</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">+1714 mg/kg t of </span><em><span style="font-size: medium;">T. chebula</span></em><span style="font-size: medium;">). All treatments were given orally by gavage. Diabetes was induced by STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.). At the end of study (day 28), blood glucose, insulin and lipid profile; as well as hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiol content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were determined. </span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Results:</strong> In diabetic rats, plasma glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and LDL-C, as well as hepatic MDA levels were elevated but plasma HDL-C and insulin, and hepatic thiol content and SOD and CAT activities were reduced compared to control (p<0.01-p<0.001). In diabetic+dose 3, plasma TC, TG, and LDL-C and hepatic MDA level decreased (p<0.001), while plasma HDL-C and insulin, and hepatic thiol content, and SOD and CAT activities increased compared to diabetic (p<0.01-p<0.001). Treatment with dose 1 and 2 improved such abnormalities in diabetic rats except for insulin level (p<0.05-p<0.001). The herbal combination effects were comparable to those of metformin. Metformin did not significantly change serum insulin and HDL-C levels, and hepatic SOD activity; however, serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C, as well as hepatic MDA levels, thiol content and CAT activity were improved compared to diabetic (p<0.05-p<0.001). </span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> These results indicate that this herbal combination acts as an anti-diabetic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic agent and it may be suggested as a beneficial remedy for diabetic patients.</span><br /> <br /> <strong><br clear="all" /> </strong>
Anti-diabetic,Hypolipidemic,Antioxidant,Commiphora mukul,Commiphora myrrha,Terminalia chebula
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12721.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12721_5106e92e21114b92248513a1b20cd5dc.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Zataria multiflora could improve hippocampal tau protein and TNFα levels and cognitive behavior defects in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease
465
473
EN
Mohabbat
Ahmadi
0000-0001-7391-4418
Physiology division of Basic Science Department, School of Vet Med; Shiraz University, Shiraz—Iran
ahmadi@gmail.com
Mahnaz
Taherianfard
0000-0002-8819-1619
Physiology division of Basic Science Department, School of Vet Med; Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
taherian@shirazu.ac.ir
Tahora
Shomali
0000-0002-5954-7815
Pharmacology division of Basic Science Department, School of Vet Med; Shiraz University, Shiraz—Iran
shomali@shirazu.ac.ir
10.22038/ajp.2019.12839
<strong>Objective:</strong> <em>Zataria multiflora</em> (ZM) is a plant with ethnopharmacological value which was recently tested to reduce symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ZM essential oil on spatial cognitive and noncognitive behavior, as well as hippocampal tau protein and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) concentrations in rats with AD.<br /> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Thirty-five adult male Sprague Dawley rats (300±30 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups: control (intact rats); sham (received intracerebroventricular (ICV) microinjection of normal saline); AD control (rats with AD that did not receive any treatment); vehicle control (rats with AD that orally received tween-80, 5% (ZM essential oil vehicle) for 20 days) and experimental (rats with AD that orally received ZM essential oil 100 µl/kg/day for 20 days). AD was induced by bidirectional microinjection of β amyloid 1-42 (10 µg/2µl). Tau protein and TNFα concentrations were measured by ELISA methods. Spatial cognitive and noncognitive behavior were determined by Morris water maze (MWM) test.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> ZM essential oil significantly improved latency time, time spent in the target quarter and cognitive behavior of rats with AD compared to control and sham groups (p<0.05). Hippocampal tau protein and TNFα concentrations were significantly higher in both AD control and vehicle groups compared to control and sham groups respectively (p <strong>Conclusion:</strong> ZM essential oil improves spatial learning and memory of rats with AD as assessed by MWM test. These effects are associated with decreased concentrations of hippocampal tau protein and TNFα.
Alzheimer’s disease,Zataria multiflora,Morris Water Maze,Tau protein,TNFα
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12839.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_12839_209628ad11c68f6689ec558be5ece6f9.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Antimalarial activity of extract and fractions of Castanopsis costata (Blume) A.DC
474
481
EN
Maulana
Alkandahri
0000-0003-3402-4265
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University
alkandahri@gmail.com
Afiat
Berbudi
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parasitology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
a.berbudi@unpad.ac.id
Novi Vicahyani Utami
Utami
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Anas
Subarnas
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia.
10.22038/ajp.2019.13188
<strong>Objective:</strong> One of the biggest health problems in the world, which occurs in more than 90 countries, is the spread of malaria. Cep-cepan leaves (<em>Castanopsis costata</em>), was empirically used as an antimalarial herb in North Sumatra. Since its use has not been scientifically studied, we investigated the antimalarial activity of extract and fractions of <em>C. costata</em> against <em>Plasmodium berghei</em> ANKA <em>(PbA)</em> in a mouse model.<br /> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This experimental study was conducted using 32 male Balb/C mice. PbA inoculation was performed intraperitoneally with 10<sup>6</sup> parasites/mouse. Immediately after parasitemia reach >2% (day 0), the mice were treated orally with daily artesunate (36.4 mg/kg/day) (positive control), ethanolic extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day), and the fractions of water, ethyl acetate and n-hexane (108 mg/kg/day each) for 5 consecutive days (from day 0 to 4). Parasitemia inhibition was observed to determine the antimalarial activity of each type of <em>C. costata</em> extract and fractions.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The administration of <em>C. costata</em> leaves ethanolic extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the growth of <em>PbA </em>in Balb/C mice (42.66%, 66.2 1% and 80.99 % inhibition, respectively) (p<0.05). Similarly, all <em>C. costata</em> fractions also produced antimalarial activity against <em>PbA</em> with administration of the ethyl acetate fraction presenting the highest activity (79.85 % inhibition).<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The <em>C. costata</em> leaves showed antimalarial activity against <em>P</em><em>bA</em>. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this effect and the active compounds involved. Our current study revealed that <em>C.costata</em> could be a potential candidate to be used as a new antimalarial drug.
Malaria,Castanopsis costata,Antimalarial drugs,Plasmodium berghei
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13188.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13188_3d30cb9af02cc831d18be06b99e24352.pdf
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
9
5
2019
09
01
Kiwifruit effect on adipose tissue cell size and cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene expression in high-fat diet fed Golden Syrian hamsters
482
490
EN
Zahra
Zaherijamil
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan, Iran
zaherijamilzahra@gmail.com
Narjes
Rezaei
Students Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
nargesrezaei2011@yahoo.com
Mohammad
Hashemnia
0000-0002-2899-4794
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah-Iran
m.hashemnia@razi.ac.ir
Shirin
Moradkhani
Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
sh.moradkhani@umsha.ac.ir
Massoud
Saidijam
Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
saidijam@umsha.ac.ir
Iraj
Khodadadi
0000-0001-9048-4528
Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
khodadadi@umsha.ac.ir
Ebrahim
Abbasi Oshaghi
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan, Iran
7abbasi@gmail.com
Heidar
Tavilani
0000-0002-7243-660X
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan, Iran
tavilani@gmail.com
10.22038/ajp.2019.13368
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Objective:</strong> The effects of kiwifruit on the histology and cell size of adipose tissue in hyperlipidemic models have not yet been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of kiwifruit on the adipose tissue cell size and activity as well as the gene expression of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in high-fat diet (HFD) fed hamsters. </span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Forty-two male Syrian hamsters were divided into six groups. Control normal (CN) hamsters received normal diet, control HFD (CHF) were fed with a HFD plus a normal diet (15% butter fat + 0.05% cholesterol + a normal diet). Two groups were fed with normal diet including kiwifruit (1.86; Nd.1 or 3.73 g/kg; Nd.2) and two groups were fed with HFD including kiwifruit (1.86;HFd.1or 3.73 g/kg; HFd.2), for 8 weeks. </span><br /> <span style="font-size: medium;"><strong>Results:</strong> Histological examination of adipose tissue showed that the cell size was significantly reduced in the kiwifruit-treated groups (low and high dose) in comparison to their control groups (p<0.05). Kiwifruit supplementation (low and high dose) in normal and HFD groups significantly increased gene expression of CETP in adipose tissue. Kiwifruit had no significant effect on serum concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride. Although, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration increased in HFD-fed hamsters supplemented with 3.73 g/kg of kiwifruit (p<0.05).</span><br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Kiwifruit consumption reduces the size of adipocytes and increases the expression of CETPgene in adipose tissue cells. Despite the increases in CETP expression in adipose tissue, its activity in serum was not changed following kiwifruit supplementation.
Actinidia,Adipose tissue,Cholesteryl ester transfer protein,High fat diet
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13368.html
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13368_97508eec6c07e706b045e08cc9b6b79c.pdf