ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison between infants receiving traditional supplements (camel thorn, flix weed, and sugar water) and exclusively breast fed infants
Objectives: Although breast milk is considered the best nutritional option for neonates, use of traditional supplements such as sugar water, camel thorn, and flix weed in the first week of life of infants is quite common in Iran and many other countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether consuming such supplements has any impact on infant’s breastfeeding behavior. Materials and Methods: Four hundred fifty four term infants who were referred to the neonatal clinic of Ghaem hospital were enrolled and divided into two groups. Control (exclusively breastfed infants, N=243) and case (breast milk feeding plus traditional remedies such as sugar water, camel thorn, and flix weed, N=211). Spss 19.5 was used for statistical analysis. T-test and Man-Whitney tests were used. A p-value of Results: The two groups were similar in their baseline data. Regarding duration of breastfeeding and breastfeeding frequency, use of these supplements resulted in a reduction in both breastfeeding frequency and duration (p<0.05). Breastfeeding problems such as poor let-down reflex and incorrect breastfeeding position were more common among mothers feeding these supplements to their infants. Moreover, infants with delayed initiation of first breastfeeding were more likely to receive these supplements. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, feeding infants with sugar water, camel's thorn, and flix weed is clearly associated with breast feeding problems such as poor let down reflex and incorrect breast feeding position. Use of these supplements resulted in a reduction in frequency and duration of breast feeding. Infants with delayed initiation of breast feeding are more likely to receive these supplementations. Therefore, any attempts to improve the community's culture would be of great benefit to the health and well being of our babies.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4259_46fb539c26b9502bd0970b2f0527ee8c.pdf
2015-11-01
479
484
10.22038/ajp.2015.4259
Breast Feeding
neonate
Traditional Medicine
Hassan
Boskabadi
boskabadih@mums.ac.ir
1
Neonatal Research center, Ghaem hospital, school of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sepideh
Bagheri
bagheris@mums.ac.ir
2
Neonatal Research center, Ghaem hospital, school of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Horta BL, Bahl R, Martines JC, Victora CG, 2007. Evidence on the long-term effects of breastfeeding. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1
Ip S, Chung M, raman G, Chew P, Magila N, DeVine D, Trikalinos T, Lau J. 2007. Breastfeeding and maternal and child health outcomes in developed countries. Evid Rep Technol Asses, 153: 1-186.
2
Gartner LM, Morton J, Lawrence RA, Naylor AJ, O'Hare D, Schanler RJ, Eidelman AI, American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding. 2005. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics, 115: 496-506.
3
Kramer MS, Kakuma R 2004. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: A systematic review. Adv Exp Med Biol, 55: 63-77.
4
Boskabadi H, Maamouri G, EbrahimiM, Ghayour-mobarhan M, Esmaeily H, Sahebkar A, Ferns GA. 2010. Neonatal hypernatremia and dehydration in infants receiving inadequate breastfeeding. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 19: 301.
5
Raven JH, Chen Q, Tolhurst RJ, Garner P 2007. Traditional beliefs and practices in the postpartum period in Fujian province, China : a qualitative study. BMC pregnancy childbirth, 7: 8.
6
Goldsmith JP. Delivery Room Resuscitation of the newborn. In; Martin RJ, Fannaroff AA, Walsh MC. 2011. Fannarotf and Martin’s Neonatal- Perinatal Medicine, 9th ed, PP: 456-7, Philadelphia, Mosby.
7
Boskabadi H, Maamouri GH, Mafinejad S 2011. The Effect of Traditional Remedies (Camel's Thorn, Flixweed and Sugar Water) on Idiopathic Neonatal Jaundice. Iran J Pediatr, 21: 325-330.
8
Mathew P M, Wharton B A 1981. Investigation and management of neonatal jaundice;a problem-orientated case record. Arch Dis Child ,56: 949-953.
9
Tarhany F, Momennasab M, Delfan B, Zendekar A 2005. Efficacy of camel's thorn in reducing newborn's physiologic hyperbilirubinemia. J Lorestan Univ Med Sci , 22 : 55-58.
10
Ansell C , Moore A, Barrie H 1997. Electrolyte and pH changes in human milk. Pediatric Research,11:1177-79.
11
Dewey KG, Nommsen-Rivers LA, Heinig MJ, Cohen RJ 2003. Risk factors for suboptimal infant breast feeding behavior, delayed onset of lactation and excess neonatal weight loss. Pediatrics ,112: 607-619.
12
Kramer MS, Barr RG, Dagenais S, Yang H, Jones P, Ciofani L, Jané F. 2001. Pacifier use, early weaning and cry/fuss behavior a randomized control trial. JAMA, 286: 322-326.
13
Boskabadi H, Ramazanzadeh M, Zakerihamedi M, Rezagholizade Omran F 2014. Risk factors of breast problems in mothers and its effects on newborns. Iranian Red Crescent Medical, 16: e8582.
14
Kazerani H, Yousefi AR, Jamshidian M 2007. Toxic effect of camelthorn in Sourian rats. Semnan Med Univ, 2: 112-116.
15
Nabavizadeh H, Safari M, Khoshnevisan F2006. Evaluation of invitro effectiveness of herbal medicine on serum bilirubin level. Iranian ped j, 15: 21-26.
16
Panjvani Z, Kharrazi-Sabet H, Tawakkuli S, Ramazani MR, Sarraf MT1995. Is Taranjebin a prophylactic agent for neonatal jaundice? Med J Islam Repub Iran, 9: 27-32.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A quick overview on some aspects of endocrinological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris L.
Many herbaceous plants contain compounds that have biological effects in addition to their medicinal properties. They have compounds with numerous properties, including hypo lipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and hepato protective ones, which have been analyzed at different levels. One of these plants, with the scientific name of Berberis vulgaris, is barberry. The most important compounds identified in this plant are berberine, oxycontin, palmatine, bervulcine, berbamine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, coptisine, and berbamine. In addition to alkaloids, organic acids such as chelidonic acid, citric acid, malic acid, resin, tannin, pectinic, and mucilagic substances are among the ingredients of barberry. In this paper, it was attempted to determine the role and effect of the extract of barberry on various body organs. The results showed that berberine actually increases insulin sensitivity and is capable of inhibiting alpha glucosidase, adipogenesis, and thus acts as an anti-obesity and hypoglycemic agent. Berberine reduces the density of serum cholesterol and triglycerides and can improve the function of liver enzymes, therefore, it can be suggested as a hypo lipidemic and hepato protective plant extract. The hepato protective effects of this extract are probably due to its antioxidant properties. Studies showed that barberry have numerous health benefits, including anti-inflammatory ones. Moreover, it can be used as a medicinal herb to treat a variety of disorders, such as diabetes, liver disease, gallbladder pain, digestive, urinary tract diseases, and gallstones. However, more studies on this issue and doing more focused and intensive researches in this field are recommended.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4430_80f8f928c88e3492bf0c3aab058fa618.pdf
2015-11-01
485
497
10.22038/ajp.2015.4430
Liver
Cholesterol
Diabetes
Thyroid
Barberry
Berberis vulgaris
Ali
Zarei
1
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Abadeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abadeh, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeed
Changizi Ashtiyani
ashtiyani@sums.ac.ir
2
Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Soheila
Taheri
3
Education Development Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Ramezani
4
Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Abd El-Wahab AE, Ghareeb DA, Sarhan EE, Abu-Serie MM. 2013.In vitro biological assessment of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine: antioxidants, anti-acetyl cholinesterase, anti-diabetic and anticancer effects.BMC Complement Altern Med, 13:218.
1
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4
Arumugam G, Manjula P, Paari N. 2013. Anti diabetic medicinal plants used for diabetes mellitus. JAD,196-200.
5
Ashraf H, Khaneshi F, Rafiee Raki F, Nejati V. 2013. Evaluation of aqueous extract of Berberis integerrima root on the testis tissue and testosterone levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Qom Univ Med Sci J, 7: 28-35.
6
Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Najafi H, Jalalvandi S, Hosseinei F.2013. Protective effects of Rosa canina l fruit extracts on renal disturbances induced by reperfusion injury in rats. IJKD, 7:290-298.
7
Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Zarei A, Taheri S, Rezaei A,. 2013. A comparative study of hypo lipidemic activities of the extracts of Melissa officinalis and Berberis vulgaris in rats. JMP, 12: 38-47.
8
Chevallier A: 2001. The encyclopedia of medicinal plants. St Leonards: Dorling Kindersley.
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Dashti Z, Shariatifar N, Mohammadi Nafchi A. 2014. Study on antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Berberis vulgaris aqueous extracts from Iran. IntJ Pharm Sci Res, 5:705-708.
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Doggrell SA. 2005. Berberine-a novel approach to cholesterol lowering. Expert Opin Investig Drugs,14: 683-685.
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Ebrahimi-Mameghani M, Arefhosseini SR, Golzarand M, Aliasgarzadeh A, 2009.Long-term effects of processed Berberis vulgaris on some metabolic syndrome components. IJEM, 11:41-47.
12
Eshraghi A, Movahedian Ataar A, Asgari S, Naderi GA, 2011.Antioxidant effect of ziziphus vulgaris, portulacaoleracea, Berberis integerima and gundeliatournefortti on lipid peroxidation, hb glycosylation and red blood cell hemolysis. JMP, 10: 80-88.
13
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Fatehi A, Hassanabad Z, Jafarzadeh M, Tarhini A. 2005. The antihypertensive and vasodilator effects of aqueous extract from Berberis vulgaris fruit on hypertensive rats. Phytother Res, 19:222-225.
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Fukuda K, Hibiya Y, Mutoh M. 1999. Inhibition of activator protein 1 activity by berberine in human hepatoma cells. Planta Med, 65:381-383.
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Gao CR, Zhang JQ, Huang QL. 1997. Experimental study on berberin raised insulin sensitivity in insulin resistance rat models. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, 17: 162-164.
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Hanachi P, Othman F, Motalleb G. 2008. Effect of Berberis vulgaris aqueous extract on the apoptosis, sodium and potassium in hepato carcinogenic rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci,11:62-96.
19
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20
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21
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23
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Meliani N, El Amine Dib M, Allali H, Tabti B. 2011. Hypoglycaemic effect of Berberis vulgarisl. in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed,1:468-471.
35
Minaiyan M, Ghannadi A, Mahzouni P, Jaffari-Shirazi E. 2011. Comparative study of Berberis vulgaris fruit extract and berberine chloride effects on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Iran J Pharm Res, 10:97-104.
36
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37
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39
Ozgen M. Saraçoglu O. Nur Gecer E. 2012. Antioxidant capacity and chemical properties of selected barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) fruits. Hort Environ. Biotechnol, 53:447-451.
40
Pradhan D, Biswasroy P, Suri. KA. 2013. Isolation of berberine from Berberis Vulgaris Berberis vulgarisl. and standardization of aqueous extract by RP-HPLC. Int J Herb Med,1:106-111.
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49
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Zarei A, Taheri S, Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Rezaei A. 2015. The study of the effect of the extract Berberis vulgaris root on serum levels of thyroid hormones in rats. ISMJ 2015, 18: 270-279.
62
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63
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of red clover on hot flash and circulating hormone concentrations in menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objectives: To critically evaluate the effect of red clover on hot flash, endometrial thickness, and hormones status in postmenopausal and peri- and post-menopausal women. Materials and Methods: MEDLINE (1966 to July 2014), Scopus (1990 to July 2014), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library issue 1, 2014) were searched for published randomized controlled Trials (RCTs). Results: Of 183 relevant publication trials, 11 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The mean hot flashes frequency in red clover was lower than the control groups (MD -1.99; p=0.067). There was larger decrease in FSH (SMD -0.812; CI: -1.93 to 0.312; p=0.157) and SHBG (SMD -0.128; CI-0.425 to 0.170; P=0.4) in red clover group, compared with placebo, which was not however statistically significant. LH (SMD 0.144; CI-0.097 to 0.384, p=0.242), estradiol (SMD 0.240; CI-0.001 to 0.482, p=0.051), testosterone (MD 0.083; CI: -0.560 to 0.726; p=0.901), and endometrial thickness (SDM 0.022; CI: -0.380 to 0.424, p=0.915) showed greater increase in red clover, compared with placebo, although the effect of estradiol was only significant. Conclusion: Red clover had a positive effect of alleviating hot flash in menopausal women. Our data, however, suggested very slight changes in FSH, LH, testosterone, and SHBG and significant effect in estrogen status by red clover consumption. However, the interpretation of results of the current study is limited due to methodological flaws of the included studies, menopause status, and large heterogeneity among them. Further trials are still needed to confirm the current finding.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4468_1a29a217d9fbb4dc5a34d46298e27557.pdf
2015-11-01
498
511
10.22038/ajp.2015.4468
Red clover
hotflashes
circulating hormone concentrations
Menopause
systemtic review
Meta-analysis
Masumeh
Ghazanfarpour
ghazanfarpm901@mums.ac.ir
1
Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ramin
Sadeghi
sadeghir@mums.ac.ir
2
Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Robab
Latifnejad Roudsari
latifnejadr@mums.ac.ir
3
Evidence-Based Care Research Centre, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Khadijeh
Mirzaii Najmabadi
mirzaiikh@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojtaba
mousavi bazzaz
mousavim@mums.ac.ir
5
Department of community of Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Somayeh
abdolahian
hirsa_sa_80@yahoo.com
6
Department of Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Firuzabad, Fars, Iran,
AUTHOR
Talat
Khadivzadeh
goli.yasaman@yahoo.com
7
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Atkinson C, Warren RM, Sala E, Dowsett M, Dunning AM, Healey CS, Runswick S, Day NE, Bingham SA.2004. Red-clover-derived isoflavones and mammographic breast density:a double –bilnd, randomaized , placebo- controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res, 6:R170-9.
1
Avis NE, Stellato R, Crawford S, Johannes C, Longcope C.2000. Is there an association between menopause status and sexual functioning?. Menopause, 7: 297-309.
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Baber RJ, Templeman C, Morton T, Kelly GE, West L. 1999. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of an isoflavone supplement and menopausal symptoms in women. Climacteric, 2: 85-92.
3
Bu LH, Lephart ED. 2005. Effects of dietary phytoestrogens on core body temperature during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Brain Res Bull, 65: 219-223.
4
Clifton-Bligh PB1, Baber RJ, Fulcher GR, Nery ML, Moreton T. 2001. The effect of isoflavones extracted from red clover (Rimostil) on lipid and bone metabolism. Menopause, 8:259-265.
5
Coon JT, Pittler MH, Ernst E. 2007. Trifolium pratense isoflavones in the treatment of menopausal hot flushes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytomedicine, 14: 153-159.
6
del Giorno C, Fonseca AM, Bagnoli VR, Assis JS, Soares JM Jr, Baracat EC.2010. Effects of Trifolium pratense on the climacteric and sexual symptoms in postmenopause women. Rev Assoc Med Bras, 56: 558-62.
7
Ehsanpour S, Salehi K, Zolfaghari B, Bakhtiari S. 2012. The effects of red clover on quality of life in post-menopausal women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, 17: 34-40.
8
Endogenous Hormones and Breast Cancer Collaborative Group. Endogenous sex hormones and breast cancer postmenopausal
9
women: reanalysis of nine prospective studies.2002. J Natl Cancer Inst, 94:606–616.
10
Freedman RR1, Blacker CM. 2002. Estrogen raises the sweating threshold in postmenopausal women with hot flashes. Fertil Steril, 77: 487-490.
11
Geller SE, Shulman LP, van Breemen RB, Banuvar S, Zhou Y, Epstein G, Hedayat S, Nikolic D, Krause EC, Piersen CE, Bolton JL, Pauli GF, Farnsworth NR. 2008. Safety and efficacy of black cohosh and red clover for the management of vasomotor symptoms: a randomized controlled trial. Menopause, 16:1156-1166.
12
Ghazanfarpour M, Sadeghi R, Latifnejad Roudsari R, (in press).2015. Red clover for treatment of hot flashes and menopausal symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol.
13
Gompel A, Santen RJ. 2012. Hormone therapy and breast cancer risk 10 years after the WHI. Climacteric, 15: 241-249.
14
Habel LA, Dignam JJ, Land SR, Salane M, CapraAM, Julian TB.2004. Mammographic density and breast cancer after ductal carcinoma in situ. J Natl Cancer Inst, 96: 1467-1472.
15
Haghighi L, Zadmohammadi M, Hormon replacement therapy in menopusal women reffered to Iran University clinics during 2000-2001. RJMS,10:25-30.
16
Hale GE, Hughes CL, Robboy SJ, Agarwal SK, Bievre M. 2001. A double-blind randomized study on the effects of red clover isoflavone on the endometrium. Menopause, 8: 338-46.
17
Hidalgo LA, Chedraui PA, Morocho N, Ross S, San Miguel G. 2005. The effect of red clover isflavones on menopausal symptoms, lipids and vaginal cytology in menopausal women:a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gynecol Endocrinol, 21: 257-64.
18
Hooper L, Ryder JJ, Kurzer MS, Lampe JW, Messina MJ, Phipps WR, Cassidy A. 2009. Effects of soy protein and isoflavones on circulating hormone concentrations in pre-and post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update, 4:423-40.
19
Imhof M, Gocan A, Reithmayr F, Lipovac M, Schimitzek C, Chedraui P, Huber J. 2006. Effects of a red clover extract (MF11RCE) on endometrium and sex hormones in postmenopausal women. Maturitas, 55: 76-81.
20
Jeri AR.2002. The use of an isoflavone supplement to relieve hot flashes. Female patient;27:35-37.
21
Knight DC, Howes JB, Eden JA. 1999. The effect of Promensil™, an isoflavone extract, on menopausal symptoms. Climacteric, 2:79-84.
22
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23
Krebs EE, Ensrud KE, MacDonald R, Wilt TJ. 2004. Phytoestrogens for treatment of menopausal symptoms: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol,104: 824-836.
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34
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35
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37
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38
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39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of hair growth promoting activity of Phyllanthus niruri
Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the potential Phyllanthus niruri extracts in promotion of hair growth. Materials and Methods: Here, we studied the hair growth promoting activity of petroleum ether extract of P. niruri following its topical administration. Alopecia was induced in albino rats by subcutaneous administration of testosterone for 21 days. Evaluation of hair loss inhibition was done by concurrent administration of extract and monitoring parameters like follicular density, anagen/telogen (A/T) ratio and histological observation of animal skin sections. Finasteride solution was applied topically as standard. In vitro experiments were also performed to study the effect of extract on the activity of 5α-reductase enzyme Results: Groups treated with petroleum ether extract of plant showed hair re-growth as reflected by follicular density, A/T ratio and skin sections. Histopathology and morphologic observations of hair re-growth at shaved sites showed active follicular proliferation. In vitro experiments results showed inhibitory activity of petroleum ether extract on type-2 5α-reductase enzyme and an increase in the amount of testosterone with increasing concentrations. Conclusion: It could be concluded that petroleum ether extracts of P. niruri might be useful in the treatment of testosterone-induced alopecia in the experimental animal by inhibiting 5α-reductase enzyme.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4631_386c989886a4cb817589c9320002f1b2.pdf
2015-11-01
512
519
10.22038/ajp.2015.4631
5α-reductase
Alopecia
Finasteride
Hair growth
Phyllanthus niruri
Satish
Patel
satishpatel05nov@gmail.com
1
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya Sagar- 470003 (M.P.),India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vikas
Sharma
vikassharma15@gmail.com
2
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya Sagar- 470003 (M.P.),India
AUTHOR
Nagendra
Chauhan
chauhan.nagendra@gmail.com
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya Sagar- 470003 (M.P.),India
AUTHOR
Mayank
Thakur
mayankthakur25@gmail.com
4
Institute for Laboratory Medicine Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charite Universitäts Medizin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
AUTHOR
Vinod
Dixit
vkdixit2011@rediffmail.com
5
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya Sagar- 470003 (M.P.),India
AUTHOR
Balawant S, William S, Goppinath K, Krishna B.1986. Isolation and Structure (X-Ray Analysis) of Ent-Norsecurinine, an Alkaloid from Phyllanthus niruri. J Nat Prod,49: 614-620
1
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Calixto B, Adair R, Valdir C, Rosendo AA.1998. A review of the plants of the genus Phyllanthus: Their chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential. Med Res Rev,18: 225-85.
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7
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Nutbrown M, Hull SP, Cunliffe WJ, Randal VA. 1995. Abnormalities in the ultrastructure of melanocytes and the outer root sheath of clinically normal hair follicles from alopecia areata scalps. J Invest Dermatol, 104: 12S–13S.
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Olsen EA. 1994. Androgenetic alopecia. In: Olsen EA, (Ed.) Disorders of hair growth: diagnosis and treatment. New York: McGraw-Hill.
10
Otberg N, Finner AM, Shapiro J. 2007. Androgenetic alopecia. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 36: 379-398.
11
Pandit S, Chauhan NS, Dixit VK. 2008. Effect of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb on androgen-induced alopecia. J Cosm Dermat, 7: 199-204.
12
Pérez-Ordeals V, Cabeza M, Bratoeff E et al .2005. New 5α-reductase inhibitors: in vitro and in vivo effects. Steroids 70: 217–24.
13
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15
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16
Unander D, Webster G, Blumberg B. 1991, Uses and bioassays in Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae): a compilation: II. The subgenus Phyllanthus. J Ethnopharmacol, 34: 97-133.
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Whiting DA, Waldstreicher J, Sanchez M, Kaufman KD. 1999. Measuring reversal of hair miniaturization in androgenetic alopecia by follicular counts in horizontal sections of serial scalp biopsies: results of finasteride 1 mg treatment of men and postmenopausal women. J. Invest. Dermatol. Symp. Proc., 4, 282-284.
18
Yoo HG, Kim JS, Lee SR, Pyo HK et al . 2006. Perifollicular fibrosis: Pathogenetic role in androgenetic alopecia. Biol Pharm Bull, 29: 1246-1250.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative analysis of the cytotoxic effect of 7-prenyloxycoumarin compounds and herniarin on MCF-7 cell line
Objectives: 7-prenyloxycoumarins are a group of secondary metabolites that are found mainly in plants belonging to the Rutaceae and Umbelliferae families. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of 7-prenyloxycoumarin compounds and herniarin on MCF-7, a breast carcinoma cell line. Materials and Methods: Cells were cultured in RPMI medium and incubated with different concentrations of auraptene, herniarin, umbelliferone, and umbelliprenin. Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay. Apoptotic cells were determined using propidium iodide staining of DNA fragmentation by flow cytometry (sub-G1peak). Bax protein expression was detected by western blot to investigate the underlying mechanism. Results: Doses which induced 50% cell growth inhibition (IC50) against MCF-7 cells with auraptene, herniarin, umbelliferone, and umbelliprenin were calculated (59.7, 207.6, 476.3, and 73.4 µM), respectively. Auraptene induced a sub-G1 peak in the flow cytometry histogram of treated cells compared to control cells, and DNA fragmentation suggested the induction of apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that auraptene significantly up-regulated Bax expression in MCF-7 cells compared to untreated controls. Conclusion: Auraptene exerts cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in breast carcinoma cell line and can be considered for further mechanistic evaluations in human cancer cells. These results candidate auraptene for further studies to evaluate its biosafety and anti-cancer effects.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4355_ebefd64e6cd5073021194ce4b6573dd3.pdf
2015-11-01
520
530
10.22038/ajp.2015.4355
Apoptosis
Bax
Cytotoxicity
MCF-7
7-Prenyloxycoumarins
Seyed Hadi
Mousavi
mousavih@mums.ac.ir
1
Pharmacological Research Centre of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Atiyeh-Sadat
Davari
tayaraniz@gmail.com
2
Medical Toxicology Research Centre, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Iranshahi
iranshahim@mums.ac.ir
3
Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sarvenaz
Sabouri-Rad
4
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zahra
Tayarani Najaran
tayaraninz@mums.ac.ir
5
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
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Khaghanzadeh N, Mojtahedi Z, Ramezani M, Erfani N, Ghaderi A. 2012. Umbelliprenin is cytotoxic against QU-DB large cell lung cancer cell line but anti-proliferative against A549 adenocarcinoma cells. Daru. 30:69.
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17
Krishnan P, Yan K. J, Windler D et al. 2009. Citrus auraptene suppresses cyclin D1 and significantly delays N-methyl nitrosourea induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. BMC Cancer, 9: 259.
18
Li J, Mahdi F, Du L, Jekabsons MB, Zhou YD, Nagle DG. 2013. Semisynthetic studies identify mitochondria poisons from botanical dietary supplements--geranyloxycoumarins from Aegle marmelos. Bioorg Med Chem. 21:1795-803.
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Ma CM, Winsor L, Daneshtalab M. 2007. Quantification of spiroether isomers and Herniarin of different parts of Matricaria matricarioides and flowers of Chamaemelum nobile. Phytochem Anal, 18: 42-49.
20
Mares D, Romagnoli C, Bruni A. 1993. Antidermatophytic activity of Herniarin in preparations of Chamomilla recutita (L) Rauschert Plantes. Med Phytother, 26: 91-100.
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Mousavi SH, Tayarani NZ, Parsaee H. 2010. Protective Effect of Saffron Extract and Crocin on Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated High Glucose-Induced Toxicity in PC12 Cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 30: 185-191.
24
Mousavi SH, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Hersey P. 2008. Apoptosis. from signaling pathways to therapeutic tools. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 11: 121-142.
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27
Murakami A, Nakamura Y, Tanaka T, Kawabata K, Takahashi D, et al. 2000. Suppression by citrus Auraptene of phorbol ester- and endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses. role of attenuation of leukocyte activation. Carcinogenesis, 21: 1843-1850.
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Murakami A, Wada K, Ueda N et al., 2000. In vitro absorption and metabolism of a citrus chemopreventive agent, auraptene, and its modifying effects on xenobiotic enzyme activities in mouse liver. Nutrition and Cancer, 36:191-199.
29
Musa MA, Cooperwood JS, Khan MO. 2008. A review of coumarin derivatives in pharmacotherapy of breast cancer. Curr Med Chem, 15: 2664-2679.
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31
Poncet KM, G Kroemer. 2002. Chemotherapy. targeting the mitochondrial cell death pathway. Oncogene,21: 8786-8803.
32
Sakata K, Hara A, Hirose Y, Yamada Y, Kuno T, et al. 2004. Dietary supplementation of the Citrus antioxidant Auraptene inhibits NN-Diethylnitrosamine-Induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Oncology, 66: 244-252.
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34
Shahverdi AR, Saadat F, Khorramizadeh MR, Iranshahi M, Khoshayand MR. 2006. Two matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors from Ferula persica var persica. Phytomedicine, 13: 712-717.
35
Simstein R, Burow M, Parker A, Weldon C, Beckman B. 2003. Apoptosis, chemoresistance and breast cancer. insights from the MCF-7 cell model system. Exp Biol Med, 9: 995-1003.
36
Tanaka T, Kawabata K, Kakumoto M, Hara A, Murakami A, et al. 1998. Citrus Auraptene exerts dose-dependent chemopreventive activity in rat large bowel tumorigenesis. the inhibition correlates with suppression of cell proliferation and lipid peroxidation and with induction of phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes. Cancer Res, 58: 2550-2556.
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38
Tanaka T, Sugiura H, Inaba R, Nishikawa A, Murakami A, et al. 1999. Immunomodulatory action of citrus Auraptene on macrophage functions and cytokine production of lymphocytes in female BALB/c mice. Carcinogenesis, 20: 1471-1476.
39
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40
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41
Yamada Y, Okamoto M, Kikuzaki H, Nakatani N. 1997. Spasmolytic activity of Auraptene analogs. Biosci Biotechnol, 61: 740-742.
42
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementations on serum leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and serum amyloid A levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Objective: Diabetes mellitus Type 2 is one of the most widespread chronic metabolic diseases. In most cases, this type of diabetes is associated with alterations in levels of some inflammatory cytokines and hormones. Considering anti-inflammatory properties of plant extracts rich in ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), anti-diabetic properties of these two well-known antioxidant vitamins were investigated through measurement of serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), insulin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and serum amyloid A (SAA) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: Male patients (n=80) were randomly divided into two groups each consisted of 40 subjects. Test groups were supplemented with ascorbic acid (1000 mg/day) or alpha-tocopherol (300 mg/day) orally during four weeks. Before and after treatment, serum biochemical factors of subjects were measured and compared. Results: Our results showed that both ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol could induce significant anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing the level of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, SAA, and hs-CRP in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. Effects of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid in decreasing serum leptin level were similar. Ascorbic acid in contrast to alpha-tocopherol diminished fasting insulin and HOMA index but had no effect on LDL serum level. Conclusion: Concerning the obtained results, it is concluded that consumption of supplementary vitamins C and E could decrease induced inflammatory response in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. It is also possible that vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation can attenuate incidence of some proposed pathological effects of diabetes mellitus.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4453_c9cd928fecc42cca9576457f5bb66070.pdf
2015-11-01
531
539
10.22038/ajp.2015.4453
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Ascorbic acid
Alpha-tocopherol
Leptin
serum amyloid
Mostafa
Jamalan
jamalan-m@ajums.ac.ir
1
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahin
Rezazadeh
rezazadeh-m@ajums.ac.ir
2
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Zeinali
zeinalim@ripi.ir
3
Biotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
Ghaffari
ghaffarima@yahoo.com
4
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Afkhami-Ardekani M, Shojaoddiny- Ardekani A. 2007. Effect of vitamin C on blood glucose, serum lipids & serum insulin in type 2 diabetes patients. Indian J Med Res, 126: 471-474.
1
Bastard JP, Maachi M, Lagathu C, Kim MJ, Caron M, Vidal H, Capeau J, Feve B. 2006. Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Eur Cytokine Netw, 17: 4-12.
2
Biniaz V, Sadeghi Shermeh M, Ebadi A, Tayebi A, Einollahi B. 2014. Effect of vitamin C supplementation on C-reactive protein levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Nephrourol Mon, 6: e13351.
3
Brennan AM, Mantzoros CS. 2006. Drug Insight: the role of leptin in human physiology and pathophysiology--emerging clinical applications. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab, 2: 318-327.
4
Calder PC, Albers R, Antoine JM, Blum S, Bourdet-Sicard R, Ferns GA, Folkerts G, Friedmann PS, Frost GS, Guarner F, Lovik M, Macfarlane S, Meyer PD, M'Rabet L, Serafini M, van Eden W, van Loo J, Vas Dias W, Vidry S, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Zhao J. 2009. Inflammatory disease processes and interactions with nutrition. Br J Nutr 101 Suppl 1: S1-45.
5
Chen Y, Luo G, Yuan J, Wang Y, Yang X, Wang X, Li G, Liu Z, Zhong N. 2014. Vitamin C mitigates oxidative stress and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in severe community-acquired pneumonia and LPS-induced macrophages. Mediators Inflamm, 2014: 426740.
6
DePaoli A. 2014. Leptin in common obesity and associated disorders of metabolism. J Endocrinol, 223: T71-81.
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Devaraj S, Jialal I. 2000. Alpha tocopherol supplementation decreases serum C-reactive protein and monocyte interleukin-6 levels in normal volunteers and type 2 diabetic patients. Free Radic Biol Med, 29: 790-792.
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Duncan BB, Schmidt MI, Pankow JS, Ballantyne CM, Couper D, Vigo A, Hoogeveen R, Folsom AR,Heiss G. 2003. Low-grade systemic inflammation and the development of type 2 diabetes: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Diabetes 52: 1799-1805.
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Esser N, Legrand-Poels S, Piette J, Scheen AJ, Paquot N. 2014. Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 105: 141-150.
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Felipe F, Mercader J, Ribot J, Palou A, Bonet ML. 2005. Effects of retinoic acid administration and dietary vitamin A supplementation on leptin expression in mice: lack of correlation with changes of adipose tissue mass and food intake. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1740: 258-265.
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Fischer S, Hanefeld M, Haffner SM, Fusch C, Schwanebeck U, Kohler C, Fucker K, Julius U. 2002. Insulin-resistant patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have higher serum leptin levels independently of body fat mass. Acta Diabetol, 39: 105-110.
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Fuller CJ, May MA, Martin KJ. 2000. The effect of vitamin E and vitamin C supplementation on LDL oxidizability and neutrophil respiratory burst in young smokers. J Am Coll Nutr, 19: 361-369.
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Garcia-Diaz DF, Campion J, Milagro FI, Boque N, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Martinez JA. 2010. Vitamin C inhibits leptin secretion and some glucose/lipid metabolic pathways in primary rat adipocytes. J Mol Endocrinol, 45: 33-43.
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Gimeno RE, Klaman LD. 2005. Adipose tissue as an active endocrine organ: recent advances. Curr Opin Pharmacol, 5: 122-128.
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46
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47
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Essential oil composition of Eucalyptus microtheca and Eucalyptus viminalis
Objective: Eucalyptus (Fam. Myrtaceae) is a medicinal plant and various Eucalyptus species possess potent pharmacological actions against diabetes, hepatotoxicity, and inflammation. This study aims to investigate essential oil compositionfrom leaves and flowers of E. microthecaand E. viminalisleavesgrowing in the Southeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: The aerial parts of these plants were collected from Zahedan, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran in 2013.After drying the plant materials in the shade, the chemical composition of the essential oils was obtained by hydro-distillation method using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. Results: In the essential oil of E. microtheca leaves, 101 compounds representing 100%, were identified. Among them, α-phellandrene (16.487%), aromadendrene (12.773%), α-pinene (6.752%), globulol (5.997%), ledene (5.665%), P-cymen (5.251%), and β-pinene (5.006%) were the major constituents. In the oil of E. microtheca flowers, 88 compounds representing 100%, were identified in which α-pinene (16.246%), O-cymen (13.522%), β-pinene (11.082%), aromadendrene (7.444%), α-phellandrene (7.006%), globulol (5.419%), and 9-octadecenamide (5.414%) were the major components. Sixty six compounds representing 100% were identified in the oil of E. viminalis leaves. The major compounds were 1, 8-cineole (57.757%), α-pinene (13.379%), limonene (5.443%), and globulol (3.054%). Conclusion: The results showed the essential oils fromthe aerial parts of Eucalyptus speciesare a cheap source for the commercial isolation of α-phellandrene, α-pinene, and 1, 8-cineole compounds to be used in medicinal and food products. Furthermore, these plants could be an alternative source of insecticide agents.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4470_a2ce6036315699cffda83274bc9fbaa2.pdf
2015-11-01
540
552
10.22038/ajp.2015.4470
Essential oil
Eucalyptus microtheca
Eucalyptus viminalis
Myrtaceae
Hydro-distillation
GC/MS
Malek Taher
Maghsoodlou
mt_maghsoodlou@chem.usb.ac.ir
1
Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nasrin
Kazemipoor
kazemipoor_n@yahoo.com
2
Department of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Jafar
Valizadeh
valizadeh_j@yahoo.com
3
Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Falak Nezhad Seifi
falak nezhad _s@yahoo.com
4
Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Nahid
Rahneshan
vhikahk@chmail.ir
5
Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Abd El- Mageed AA, Osman AK, Tawfik AQ, Mohammed HA. 2011. Chemical composition of the essential oils of four Eucalyptus species (Myrtaceae) from Egypt. Res J Phytochem, 5: 115-122.
1
Asghari J, Mazaheritehrani M. 2010. Pinacol coupling of carbonyl compounds by using microwave irradiation. Iran J Med Aromatic, 26: 184-195.
2
Assareh MH, Jaimand K, Rezaee MB. 2007. Chemical compositions of the essential oils of six Eucalyptus species (Myrtaceae) from South West of Iran. J Essent oil Res, 19: 8.
3
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4
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5
Hashemi-Moghaddam H, Kalatejari A, Afshari H, Ebadi AH. 2013. Microwave accelerated distillation of essential oils from the leaves of Eucalyptus microtheca: Optimization and comparison with conventional hydrodistillation. Asian J Chem, 25: 5423-5427.
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11
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Mubarak EE, Mohajer S, Ahmed I, Mat Taha R. 2014. Essential oil compositions from leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Callistemon viminalis originated from Malaysia. Int Proc Chem Biol Environ Eng, 70: 137-141.
13
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14
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15
Papachristos DP, Karamanoli KI, Stamopoulos DC, Menkissoglu- Spiroudi U. 2004. The relationship between the chemical composition of three essential oils and their insecticidal activity against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say). Pest Manag Sci, 60: 514-20.
16
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Sadlon AE, Lamson DW. 2010. Immune-modifying and antimicrobial effects of Eucalyptus oil and simple inhalation devices. Altern Med Rev, 15: 33–47.
20
Safaei J, Batooli H. 2010. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the volatile oil of Eucalyptus sargentii cultivated in central Iran. Int J Green Pharm, 4: 174-177.
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Sefidkon F, Assareh MH, Abravesh Z, Barazandeh MM. 2007. Chemical composition of the essential oils of four cultivated Eucalyptus species in Iran as medicinal plants (E. microtheca, E. spathulata, E. largiflorens and E. torquata). Iran J Pharm Res, 6: 135-140.
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25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of Scutellaria luteo-coerulea Bornm. & Sint. on leukemia cancer cell lines K562 and HL-60
Objective: Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) has been implicated for medicinal purposes both in modern and traditional medicine. Some species of the genus Scutellaria has extensively been studied for anticancer activity. Scutellaria luteo-coerulea (S. luteo-coerulea) is one of the Iranian species of the genus Scutellaria. Materials and Methods: In the present study, cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of CH2Cl2, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions of S. luteo-coerulea were investigated on K562. Moreover, HL-60. DNA fragmentation in apoptotic cells were determined by propidium iodide (PI) staining (sub-G1 peak). Results: Scutellaria luteo-coerulea inhibited the growth of malignant cells in a dose-dependent manner. Among solvent fractions of S. luteo-coerulea, the CH2Cl2 fraction was found to be the most cytotoxic one among others. Sub-G1 peak in flow cytometry histogram of treated cells suggested the induction of apoptosis in S. luteo-coerulea. Conclusion: Scutellaria luteo-coerulea could be a novel candidate for further analytical elucidation in respect to fine major components responsible for the cytotoxic effect of the plant also clinical evaluations.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4428_d5fab9cc46574d39e609e407d1cfa511.pdf
2015-11-01
553
559
10.22038/ajp.2015.4428
Scutellaria luteo-coerulea
Cytotoxicity
Apoptosis
Lamiaceae
Mahsa
Motaez
hoseini.m64@gmail.com
1
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Seyed Ahmad
Emami
emamia@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Tayarani Najjaran
tayaraninz@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kim KW, Ha KT, Park CS, Jin UH, Chang HW, Lee IS, Kim CH. 2007. Polygonumcuspidatum, compared with baicalin and berberine, inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expressions in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Vascul Pharmacol, 47: 99-107.
1
Lamer-Zarawska E, Wiśniewska A, Błach-Olszewska Z. 2010. Anticancer properties of Scutellaria baicalensis root in aspect of innate immunity regulation. Adv Clin Exp Med, 19 : 419-428
2
Li-Weber M. 2008. New therapeutic aspects of flavones: the anticancer properties of Scutellaria and its main active constituents wogonin, baicalein and baicalin. Cancer Treat Rev, 35: 57-68.
3
Ma Z, Otsuyama K, Liu S, Abroun S, Ishikawa H, Tsuyama N, Obata M, Li FJ, Zheng X, Maki Y, Miyamoto K, Kawano MM. 2005. Baicalein, a component of Scutellaria radix from Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT), leads to suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human myeloma cells. Blood, 105: 3312-8.
4
Malich G, Markovic B, Winder C. 1997. The sensitivity and specificity of the MTS tetrazolium assay for detecting the in vitro cytotoxicity of 20 chemicals using human cell lines. Toxicology, 124: 179-192.
5
Mamadalieva N, Herrmann F, El-Readib M, Tahrani A, Hamoud R, Egamberdieva D, Azimova S, Wink M. 2011. Flavonoids in Scutellaria immaculate and S. ramosissima (Lamiaceae) and their biological activity. J Pharm Pharmacol, 63: 1346-1357.
6
Nicoletti I, Migliorati G, Pagliacci MC, Grignani F, Riccardi C. 1991. A rapid and simple method for measuring thymocyte apoptosis by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods,139: 271-279.
7
Salini S, Chubicka T, Sasidharan N, Sindhu ER, Babu TD. 2013. Cytotoxic and antioxidant properties of selected Scutellaria species from the Western Ghats of Peninsular India. Pharm Biol, 51: 152-159.
8
Shang X, He X, He X, Li M, Zhang R, Fan P, Zhang Q, Jia Z. 2010. The genus Scutellaria an ethnopharmacological and phytochemical review. J Ethnopharmacol, 128: 279-313.
9
Sonoda M, Nishiyama T, Matsukawa Y, Moriyasu M. 2004. Cytotoxic activities of flavonoids from two Scutellaria plants in Chinese medicine. J Ethnopharmacol, 91: 65-68.
10
Tayarani-Najaran Z, Mousavi SH, Asili J, Emami SA. 2010. Growth inhibitory effect of Scutellaria lindbergii in human cancer cell lines. Food Chem Toxicol, 48: 599-604.
11
Tayarani-Najaran Z, Mousavi SH, Tajfard F, Asili J, Soltani S, Hatamipour M, Emami SA. 2013. Cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of three isolated diterpenoids from Salvia chorassanica through bioassay-guided fractionation. Food Chem Toxicol, 57: 346-51.
12
Tayarani-Najarani Z, Asili J, Parsaee H, Mousavi SH, Mashhadian NV, Mirzaee A, Emami SA. 2012. Wogonin and neobaicalein from Scutellaria litwinowii roots are apoptotic for HeLa cells. Rev Braz Farmacogn, 22: 268-276
13
Wang CZ, Li XL, Wang QF, Mehendale SR, Yuan CS. 2010. Selective fraction of Scutellaria baicalensis and its chemo preventive effects on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Phytomedicine, 17: 63-8.
14
Ye F, Xui L, Yi J, Zhang W, Zhang DY. 2002. Anticancer activity of Scutellaria baicalensis and its potential mechanism. J Altern Complement Med, 8: 567-572.
15
Yu J, Liu H, Lei J, Tan W, Hu X, Zou G. 2007. Antitumor activity of chloroform fraction of Scutellaria barbata and its active constituents. Phytother Res, 21: 817-22.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Salvia officinalis induce alveolar bud growing in adults female rat mammary glands
Objectives: In traditional medicine Salvia officinalis (sage) has been used as menstrual cycle regulator. In the present study the effects of sage extract on breast tissue were examined. Materials and Methods: Fourteen female rats were divided into two groups: 1) Distilled water-treated rats (Con) that were gavaged with 1ml distilled water and 2) Saliva officinalis hydroalcoholic extract (SHE)-treated rats that were gavaged with 30mg/kg/body weight of sage extract for 30 days. The estrus cycle changes were monitored by daily examination of vaginal smear. Whole mounts of right pelvic breast were spread on the slide and stained by carmine. The number of alveolar buds (ABs) type 1 and 2 and lobules of mammary gland were scored. Tissue sections of left pelvic mammary gland were prepared and its histomorphometrical changes were measured. Blood samples were taken from dorsal aorta and estradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured using radioimmunoassay. Results: Estrous cycles decreased significantly in SHE-treated animals. The number of alveolar buds and lobules in mammary gland whole mount of SHE-treated group were higher than the Con group. The number and diameter of ducts in histological section of mammary gland in SHE-treated group increased as compared to the Con group. Conclusion: Sage promotes alveologenesis of mammary glands and it can be used as a lactiferous herb.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4638_e536feeb163891ad6e0c1e2a53f28b23.pdf
2015-11-01
560
567
10.22038/ajp.2015.4638
Alveolar buds
Salvia officinalis
Lobules
Whole mount mammary gland
Malihezaman
Monsfi
monsefi.g@gmail.com
1
Biology Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Azarbahram
zahraazarbahram@gmail.com
2
Biology Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrnaz
Abedian
abedianmehrnaz@gmail.com
3
Biology Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Javad
Ashraf
ashrafm@sums.ac.ir
4
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Adlercreutz H, Bannwart C, Wahala K, Makela T, Brunow G, Hase T. 1993.
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Alizade A, Shaabani M. 2012. Essential oil composition, phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in (salvia officinalis L.) cultivated in Iran. Advances Environment Biol, 6:221- 226.
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Padilla-Banks E, Wendy N, Newbold JR. 2006. Neonatal exposure to the phytoestrogen genistein alters mammary gland growth and developmental programming of hormone receptor levels. Endocrinol, 147: 4871–4882.
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Petrakis NL, Barnes S, King EB, Lowenstein J, Wiencke J, Lee MM, Miike R, Kirk M, Coward L.1996. Stimulatory influence of soy protein isolate on breast secretion in pre-and post-menopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 5: 785–794.
21
Sreenivasa MY, Dass RS, Raj APC, Janardhana GR. 2008. PCR method for the detection of genus Fusarium and fumonisin-producing isolates from freshly harvested sorghum grains grown In Karnataka, India. J Food Safe, 28: 236-247.
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Sternlicht MD. 2006. Key stages in mammary gland development: The cues that regulate ductal branching morphogenesis. Breast Cancer Res, 8: 201–203.
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28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cardioprotective effect of aqueous extract of Chichorium intybus L. on ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart
Objective: Several studies have shown that Chichorium intybus L. (C. intybus) which possesses flavonoid compounds has an effective role in treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Contractile dysfunction mostly occurs after acute myocardial infarction, cardiac bypass surgery, heart transplantation and coronary angioplasty. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of C. intybus on ischemia- reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into four groups (Sham, Control, 1 mg/ml and 3 mg/ml of extract) of 8 rats. The aorta was cannulated, and then the heart was mounted on a Langendorff apparatus. Next, a balloon was inserted into the left ventricle (LV) and peak positive value of time derivate of LV pressure (+dp/dt), coronary flow (CF), and left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) in pre-ischemia and reperfusion period were calculated by a Power Lab system. All groups underwent a 30-minute global ischemia followed by a 60-minute reperfusion. Results: The results showed that heart rate (HR), coronary flow, and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and rate of pressure product (RPP) significantly decreased in the control group during reperfusion, while these values in the groups receiving the extract (3mg/ml) improved significantly during reperfusion (p<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that flavonoid compounds of aqueous extract of C. intybus reduce ischemia - reperfusion injuries, suggesting its protective effect on heart function after ischemia.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_5061_80f932b363c23155fb302f1854075b83.pdf
2015-11-01
568
575
10.22038/ajp.2015.5061
Chichorium intybus L
Ischemia-reperfusion
Heart Contractility
Rat
Najmeh
Sadeghi
najmeh.sadeghi@yahoo.com
1
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahin
Dianat
dianat@ajums.ac.ir
2
Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Badavi
badavim@yahoo.com
3
Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahad
malekzadeh
najmeh.sadeghi@ajums.ac.ir
4
Department of Statistic, Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Akhlaghi M and Bandy B. 2009. Mechanisms of flavonoid protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol, 46: 309-317.
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Hausenloy DJ, Mwamure PK, Venugopal V, Harris J, Barnard M, Grundy E, Ashley E, Vichare S, Di Salvo C, Kolvekar S, Hayward M, Keogh B, MacAllister RJ, Yellon DM. 2007. Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on myocardial injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 370: 575-579.
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Lowenstein CJ. 2007. Myocardial reperfusion injury. N Engl J Med. 357: 2409 -2410.
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Madani H, Asgary S, Naderi Gh, Talebolhosseini M: 2006. hepatoprotective effect of Chichorium Intybus L. on liver toxicity in rat. J Med Plant, 5: 38-32.
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Rasouli M, Hossein Zadeh H, Akbarpour A. 2000. The effects of Soxhlet aqueous extract of Chicory leaves on the blood pH & cations level & the sex of newborns in rat. Daneshvar Med J, 7: 57-64.
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Roohbakhsh A and Karimi G. 2009. In vitro Evaluation of Xanthine oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Six Medicinal Plants. J Medicinal Plants, 8: 84-91.
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Sakurai N, Iizuka T, Nakayama S, Funayama H, Noguchi M, Nagai M. 2003. Vasorelaxant Activity of Caffeic Acid Derivatives from Cichorium intybus and Equisetum arvense. Yakugaku Zasshi, 123: 593-598.
27
Sato M, Ray PS, Maulik G, Maulik N, Engelman RM, Bertelli AA, Bertelli A, Das DK. 2000. Myocardial protection with red wine extract. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 35: 263-268.
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32
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33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Therapeutic effects of curcumin on the functional disturbances and oxidative stress induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats
Objectives: Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of curcumin on functional disturbances, oxidative stress, and leukocyte infiltration induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Materials and Methods: Animals were randomly divided into 9 groups. The groups with 24-h reperfusion consisted of sham-24h, I/R-24h, and three I/R groups treated with curcumin at 10, 20, or 30 mg kg-1, i.p. after the ischemic period. The 72-h reperfusion groups also included Sham-72h, I/R-72h, I/R treated with curcumin at single dose of 20 mg kg-1, i.p., and I/R group which received three doses of curcumin at 20 mg kg-1, i.p., consecutively. Renal functional injury was assessed by measuring serum creatinine and urea-nitrogen concentrations. Oxidative stress was evaluated by assessment tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) levels. Moreover, renal tissue leukocyte infiltration was measured by histopathology examination. Results: Ischemia/reperfusion resulted in a significant increase in serum concentration of creatinine, urea-nitrogen, tissue MDA level, and leukocytes infiltration as well as reduced FRAP level. Treatment with curcumin in 24-h reperfusion groups could only lead to a significant change in the levels of MDA and FRAP. However, in 72-h reperfusion groups, curcumin was able to correct all functional disturbances, oxidative stress, and leukocytes infiltration with more effectiveness in groups that received three doses of curcumin. Conclusion: The administration of curcumin during 72-h reperfusion following 30 minutes of ischemia can decrease renal oxidative stress and leukocytes infiltration as well as improve kidney function. However, during first 24-h reperfusion, curcumin only decreased oxidative stress.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4451_126112b6abfa5ca9abf1e98cfdb77b42.pdf
2015-11-01
576
586
10.22038/ajp.2015.4451
Curcumin
Acute renal failure
Oxidative stress
Ischemia/Reperfusion
Houshang
Najafi
houshang.najafi@gmail.com
1
Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Saeed
Changizi Ashtiyani
ashtiyani@sums.ac.ir
2
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sayed Abolhasan
Sayedzadeh
asayedzadeh@kums.ac.ir
3
Department of Nephrology, Emam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zeynab
Mohamadi yarijani
4
Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sajad
Fakhri
pharmacy@gmail.com
5
School of pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ammon HP, Safayhi H, Mack T, Sabieraj J. 1993. Mechanism of antiinflammatory actions of curcumine and boswellic acids. J Ethnopharmacol, 38: 113-119.
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42
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Isolation of bergenin from the root bark of Securinega virosa and evaluation of its potential sleep promoting effect
Objectives: Securinega virosa Roxb (Ex Willd) Baill (Euphorbaiceae) root bark has been reportedly used in African traditional medicine in the management of mental illnesses. Previously, the sleep-inducing potential of the crude methanol root bark of Securinega virosa extract and its butanol fraction have been reported. The study aimed to isolate and characterize the bioactive constituent that may be responsible for the sleep inducing property of the root of the plant. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical investigation of the S. virosa root bark was carried out leading to the isolation of a compound from the butanol-soluble fraction of the methanol extract. The structure of the compound was elucidated on the basis of its spectral data, including IR, 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectrometry as well as X-ray diffraction analysis. The compound was investigated for sleep-inducing potential using diazepam-induced sleeping time test and beam walking assay in mice. Results: This is the first report on the isolation of bergenin from the root of the plant. It significantly decreased the mean onset of sleep [F (2, 15) =7.167; P < 0.01] at the dose of 10 mg/kg, without significantly affecting the total sleep duration [F (2, 15) = 0.090, P=0.914]. Conversely, it did not significantly affect the number of foot slips at the doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg tested. Conclusion: Bergenin isolated from the root bark of S. virosa possesses sleep-inducing property and could be partly responsible for the sedative potential of the root of S. virosa.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4807_fae22bdf258b67074bc1202413ccb807.pdf
2015-11-01
587
596
10.22038/ajp.2015.4807
Securinega virosa
Bergenin
Sleep
Isocoumarin
Mohammad
Magaji
magmas1@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
Aliyu
Musa
alimsa69@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria
AUTHOR
Musa
Abdullahi
musawara2000@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto-Nigeria
AUTHOR
Jamilu
Ya’u
jameelyau@yahoo.com
4
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria
AUTHOR
Isa
Hussaini
imh5c@virginia.edu
5
Department of Pharmacology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri-Nigeria
AUTHOR
Apseloff G., Hilliard JB, Gerber, N, Mays DC. 1991. Inhibition and induction of drug metabolism by psoralens: alterations in duration of sleep induced by hexobarbital and in clearance of caffeine and hexobarbital in mice. Xenobiotica, 21: 1461-1471.
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3
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4
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18
Magaji MG, Mohammed M, Magaji RA, Musa AM, Abdu-Aguye I, Hussaini IM. 2014. Evaluation of the Antipsychotic Potential of Aqueous Fraction of Securinega virosa Root Bark extract in mice. Metab Brain Dis, 29: 161-165
19
Magaji MG, Yakubu Y, Magaji RA, Yaro AH, Hussaini IM. 2014. Psychopharmacological potentials of Methanol leaf extract of Securinega virosa Roxb (Ex Willd) Baill. in mice. Pak J Biol Sci, 17: 855-859.
20
Magaji MG, Yaro AH, Musa AM, Anuka JA, Abdu-Aguye I, Hussaini IM. 2013. Neuropharmacological studies on ethyl acetate fraction of Securinega virosa root bark extract. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol, 7: 275-279.
21
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