ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hypocholesterolemic effects of Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) seeds in the rabbits fed on a cholesterol-containing diet
Objectives: Lallemantia royleana (Benth. in Wall.) Benth. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant used in Iranian traditional and folklore medicine in the treatment of various nervous, hepatic, and renal diseases. In the present study, whole seeds of the herb were prepared and evaluated for hypolipidemic activities using an animal model. Materials and Methods: Animals were fed normal diets or diets supplemented with cholesterol (0.5%) for 12 weeks to evoke hypercholesterolemia. Moreover, hypercholesterolemic animals were treated with different doses of whole seeds of Balangu (0, 5, 10, and 20%) for 12 weeks. Results: Results showed that the serum total cholesterol and triglyceride decreased in all groups treated with Balangu seeds pConclusions: Our results showed that L. royleana seeds decreased the serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in hypercholesterolemic animals but led to the increase of atherogenic index in all treated groups.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3913_b287ad983da06beb765f7084c71c9747.pdf
2015-05-01
167
173
10.22038/ajp.2015.3913
Lallemantia royleana
Lamiaceae
Iranian Traditional Medicine
Cholesterol
Hypercholesterolemia
Alireza
Ghannadi
ghannadi@pharm.mui.ac.ir
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Movahedian
movahedian@pharm.mui.ac.ir
2
Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Jannesary
movahedian@ pharm.mui.ac.ir
3
Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Abdulrasool AA, Abdulmuttalib AN, Rahi FA. 2011. Application of seed mucilage extracted from Lallemantia royleana as a suspending agent. Iraqi J Pharm Sci, 20: 8-13.
1
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2
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Bahramparvar M, Hadad Khodaparast MH, Amini AM. 2008. Effect of substitution of carboxymethylcellulose and salep gums with Lallemantia royleana hydrocolloid on ice cream properties. Iranian Food Science and Technology Research Journal 4: 37-47.
5
Baser KHC, Kurkcuoglu M, Ozek T. 2000. Steam volatiles of Lallemantia peltata (L.) Fisch. Et Mey. From Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research 12; 689-690.
6
Boban PT, Nambisan B, Sudhakaran PR. 2009. Dietary mucilage promotes regression of atheromatous lesions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Phytotherapy Research 23: 725-730.
7
Boban PT, Nambisan B, Sudhakaran PR. 2006. Hypolipidaemic effect of chemically different mucilages in rats: a comparative study. British Journal of Nutrition 96: 1021-1029.
8
Dinc M, Pinar NM, Dogu S, Yildirimli S. 2009. Micromorphological studies of Lallemantia L. (Lamiceae) species growing in Turkey. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica 51: 45-54.
9
Fekri N, Khayami M, Heidari R, Jamee R. 2008. Chemical analysis of flaxseed, sweet basil, dragon head and quince seed mucilages. Research Journal of Biological Sciences 3: 166-170.
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Fekri N, Khayami M, Heydari R, Javadi MA. 2008. Isolation and identification of monosaccharide of mucilage in dragon’s head by thin layer chromatography. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 24: 207-216.
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13
Kanakavalli K, Thillaivanan S, Parthiban P, Vijayalakshmi G, Sudha M, Sutha J. 2014. Anti-hyperlipidemic herbs in siddha system of medicine. International Journal of Pharma Sciences 4(3): 541-545.
14
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15
Lucas EA, Lightfoot SA, Hammond LJ, Devareddy L, Khalil DA, Daggy BP, Smith BJ, Westcott N, Mocanu V, Soung DY, Arjmandi BH. 2004. Flaxseed reduces plasma cholesterol and atherosclerotic lesion formation in ovariectomized Golden Syrian hamsters. Atherosclerosis 173: 223-229.
16
Mahmood S, Qasim Hayat M, Sadiq A, Ishtiaq Sh, Malik S, Ashraf M. 2013. Antibacterial activity of Lallemantia royleana (Benth.) indigenous to Pakistan. African Journal of Microbiology Research 7: 4006-4009.
17
Malavya BK, Dutt S. 1941. Chemical examination of the fixed oil derived from the seeds of Lallemantia royleana Benth. or Tukhm-I-Malanga. Proceedings Mathematical Sciences 14: 80-84.
18
Marin PD, Sajda V, Kapor S, Tatic B, Petkovic B. 1991. Fatty acids of the Saturejoideae, Ajugoideae and Scutellarioideae (Lamiaceae). Phytochemistry 30: 2979-2982.
19
Mohammad Amini A, Razavi SMA. 2012. Dilute solution properties of Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) seed gum: Effect of temperature, salt and sugar. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 51: 235-243.
20
Movahedian A, Ghannadi A, Vashirnia M. 2007. Hypocholesterolemic effects of purslane extract on serum lipids in rabbits fed with high cholesterol levels. Internatinal Journal of Pharmacology 3: 285-289.
21
Movahedian A, Sadeghi H, Ghannadi A, Gharavi M and Azarpajooh S. 2006. Hypolipidemic activity of Allium Porrum L. in cholesterol-fed rabbits. J. Med. Food 9: 98-101.
22
Mozaffarian V. 1996. A Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names. Farhang-e Moaser, Tehran.: 307.
23
Razavi SMA, Mohammadi Moghaddam T, Amini AM. 2008. Physical-Mechanical properties and chemical composition of Balangu (Lallemantia royleana) seed. International Journal of Food Engineering 4: 1-12.
24
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25
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26
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29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The synergic effect of glycyrrhizic acid and low frequency electromagnetic field on angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane
Objective: Much attention is paid to angiogenesis due to its mutual role in health and disease. Therefore, the effect of various chemical and physical agents on inhibition of this process has been recently studied. This study was conducted to investigate the synergic effect of glycyrrhizic acid and electromagnetic field on angiogenesis. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 44 Ross fertilized chicken eggs were randomly divided into four groups, one control and three experimental. Control group was kept with dimethyl sulfoxide on the eighth day, experimental group 1 treated with 200 gauss, 50 Hz electromagnetic field on the 10th day, experimental group 2 treated with 1 mg/ml glycyrrhizic acid on the eighth day, and experimental group 3 simultaneously treated with glycyrrhizic acid on the eighth day and electromagnetic field on the 10th day. On the 12th day, the images of chorioallantoic membrane samples were prepared using photostreomicroscope and the number and length of vessels were measured. Results: The mean number of vessels in the experimental groups 1 and 3 (29.31±3.60 and 27.43±4.61, respectively) was not significantly different from that in the control group (29.11±4.76) (p>0.05). The length of vessels in the experimental groups 1 and 3 (52.35±3.25 mm and 54.94±4.70 mm, respectively) decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared with the control group (61.79±6.46 mm). In experimental group 2, both length and number of vessels (54.53±5.85 mm and 23.96±3.94) decreased significantly compared with the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Electromagnetic field and glycyrrhizic acid separately led to inhibition of angiogenesis. However, use of electromagnetic field accompanied with glycyrrhizic acid not only did not increase but also decreased the inhibitory effect.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4071_ec1ce1077624fd97d06c37d1e7bfb601.pdf
2015-05-01
174
181
10.22038/ajp.2015.4071
Angiogenesis
Glycyrrhizic acid
Electromagnetic Field
Chick chorioallantoic membrane
Shokat
Majidian Eydgahi
majidian@yahskums.ac.ir
1
Research Center for Animal Development, Applied Biology & Biology Department, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Baharara
baharara@yahoo.com
2
Research Center for Animal Development, Applied Biology & Biology Department, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Saeideh
Zafar Balanezhad
balanezhad@skums.ac.ir
3
Research Center for Animal Development, Applied Biology & Biology Department, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Asadi Samani
biology_2011@yahoo.com
4
Student's Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
AUTHOR
Asadi-Samani M, Kafash-Farkhad N, Azimi N, Fasihi A, Alinia-Ahandani E, Rafieian-Kopaei M. 2015. Medicinal plants with hepatoprotective activity in Iranian folk medicine. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 5: 146-157.
1
Baharara J, Ashraf AR, Balanejad S, Samareh-Mosavi S. 2010. The inhibitory effect of low frequency electromagnetic field (50Hz) on angiogenesis in chorioalantoic membrane of chick. J Zahedan Res Med Sci, 12 : 8-12.
2
Baharara J, Zafar Balanejad S, Kamareh E, Asadi-Samani M. The effects of green tea extract on teratogenicity induced by low frequency electromagnetic field on bone marrow Balb/C mice embryo. J HerbMed Pharmacol, 3: 47-51.
3
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4
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Delle Monache S, Alessandro R, Iorio R, Gualtieri G, Colonna R. 2008. Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (ELF-EMFs) Induce InVitro Angiogenesis Process in Human Endothelial Cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 29: 640-648.
7
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11
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16
Kim KJ, Choi JS, Kim KW, Jeong JW. 2013. The anti-angiogenic activities of glycyrrhizic acid in tumor progression. Phytother Res, 27:841-846.
17
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19
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20
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21
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22
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23
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24
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25
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26
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27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Avicenna's Canon of Medicine: a review of analgesics and anti-inflammatory substances
Naturally occurring substances mentioned in medieval medical literatures currently have, and will continue to have, a crucial place in drug discovery. Avicenna was a Persian physician who is known as the most influential medical writers in the Middle ages. Avicenna`s Canon of Medicine, the most famous books in the history of medicine, presents a clear and organized summary of all the medical knowledge of the time, including a long list of drugs. Several hundred substances and receipts from different sources are mentioned for treatment of different illnesses in this book. The aim of the present study was to provide a descriptive review of all anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs presented in this comprehensive encyclopedia of medicine. Data for this review were provided by searches of different sections of this book. Long lists of anti-inflammatory and analgesic substances used in the treatment of various diseases are provided. The efficacy of some of these drugs, such as opium, willow oil, curcuma, and garlic, was investigated by modern medicine; pointed to their potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This review will help further research into the clinical benefits of new drugs for treatment of inflammatory diseases and pain.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4097_3fd6c72027f91b05425b9cb6a0e6ad80.pdf
2015-05-01
182
202
10.22038/ajp.2015.4097
Medicinal Plants
Medieval period
Pharmacology
Pharmacotherapy
Phytotherapy
Shahla
Mahdizadeh
mahdizadeh@uni-muenster.de
1
Epilepsy Research Center, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
AUTHOR
Maryam
Khaleghi Ghadiri
maryam.khaleghighadiri@ukmuenster.de
2
Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
AUTHOR
Ali
Gorji
gorjial@uni-muenster.de
3
Institut f&uuml;r Physiologie I, Klinik und Poliklinik f&uuml;r Neurochirurgie, Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Research Center, Westf&auml;lische Wilhelms-Universit&auml;t M&uuml;nster, Germany
LEAD_AUTHOR
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65
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of hydro-alcoholic celery (Apium graveolens) leaf extract on cardiovascular parameters and lipid profile in animal model of hypertension induced by fructose
Objectives:Hypertension is one of the most common diseases of the modern era. This study evaluates the effect of hydro-alcoholic celery leaf extract onsystolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR) and lipid profile in animals’ model of hypertension induced by fructose. Materials and Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: 1) control group (free access to tap drinking water), 2) group receiving 200mg/kg celery leaf extract, 3) group receiving fructose 10%, and 4,5) receiving fructose and 100mg/kg or 200mg/kg of extract (n=8). In all groups, before and during the test period, SBP and HR were measured by Power lab system. Lipid profiles were determined by auto analysis. Repeated measurement and one way ANOVA were used for data analysis. PResults:The SBP in the fructose group significantly increased compared to control group (P<0.01). SBP, in groups receiving fructose+100mg/kg extract, fructose and receiving 200mg/kg extract, and receiving 200mg/kg of extract, compared to fructose group significantly decreased. Heart rate in any of these groups showed no significant difference. Cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL in the fructose group significantly increased; however, these effects significantly decreased in the recipient extract groups. HDL levels in the fructose group showed no difference while in the groups receiving the extract they significantly increased. Conclusions: Celery leaf extract reduces SBP, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL in animal model of fructose-induced hypertension. In conclusion, celery leaf extract with its blood pressure and lipid lowering effects, can be considered as an antihypertensive agent in chronic treatment of elevated SBP.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3839_fa9e4d952303ab654c2e75d1d58763af.pdf
2015-05-01
203
209
10.22038/ajp.2015.3839
Hypertension
Celery extract
Systolic blood pressure
lipid profile
Rat
Mahin
Dianat
dianat@ajums.ac.ir
1
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali
Veisi
ali_veisi1556@yahoo.com
2
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Akram
Ahangarpour
akramahangarpour@gmail.com
3
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Hadi
Fathi Moghaddam
dianatmah@yahoo.com
4
Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Ayoka AO. 2005. Studies on the anxiolytic effect of spondiasmombin L. (anacardiaceae) extracts. Afr J Trad CAM, 2(2): 153-65.
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4
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8
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17
Sanchez-Lozada LG, Tapia E, Jimenez A, Bautista P, Cristobal M, Nepomuceno T, et al. 2007 Jan. Fructose-induced metabolic syndrome is associated with glomerular hypertension and renal microvascular damage in rats. American journal of physiology renal physiology, 292(1): F423-9.
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20
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26
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27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibacterial activity of Tribulus terrestris and its synergistic effect with Capsella bursa-pastoris and Glycyrrhiza glabra against oral pathogens: an in-vitro study
Objective: In this study, antimicrobial activities of an ethanol extract of Tribulus terrestris aloneand in combination with Capsella bursa-pastoris and Glycyrrhiza glabra were examined in vitro against six pathogens namely Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Actinomyces viscosus, Enterococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Materials and methods: Antibacterial activities of the extracts were examined using disc and well diffusion methods and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethanol extracts were determined against these microorganisms using agar and broth dilution methods. Chlorhexidine was used as positive control. Results: Tribulus terrestris extract exhibited good antibacterial activity against all bacteria. Antibacterial activity of mixed extract was evaluated and exhibited that mixed extract was more effective against all bacteria than any of the cases alone which indicates the synergistic effect between these three extracts (p˂0.05). No strain showed resistance against these extracts. In agar dilution, Tribulus terrestris exhibited MIC values ranging from 35.0 to 20.0 mg/ml and mixed extract showed MIC values ranging from 12.5 to 5.0 mg/ml. The results of broth dilution method were consistent with the findings of the agar dilution method. Conclusion: This in-vitro study was a preliminary evaluation of antibacterial activity of the plants. It provided scientific evidence to support uses of T. terrestris and its mixture with C. bursa-pastoris and G. glabra for the treatment of oral infections. In-vivo studies are also required to better evaluate the effect of these extracts.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4004_5e71e7cc8b48be81e4dda9f4a3343395.pdf
2015-05-01
210
217
10.22038/ajp.2015.4004
Antibacterial activity
Tribulus terrestris
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Capsella bursa-pastoris
oral pathogens
Saman
Soleimanpour
soleimanpours881@mums.ac.ir
1
Antimicrobial resistance Research Center, School of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Fereshteh Sadat
Sedighinia
soleimanpour81@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Biology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
AUTHOR
Akbar
Safipour Afshar
kiarash_ghazvini@yahoo.com
3
Department of Biology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Zarif
soleimanpour.saman@yahoo.com
4
Antimicrobial resistance Research Center, School of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Kiarash
Ghazvini
ghazvinik@mums.ac.ir
5
Antimicrobial resistance Research Center, School of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbasoglu U, Tosun F. 1994. Antimicrobial Activity of Tribulus terrestris L. Growing in Turkey. Hacettepe Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi,14: 81-85.
1
Ahmed A. Hussain, Abbas A. Mohammed, Heba. H. Ibrahim, and Amir H. Abbas. 2009. Study the Biological Activities of Tribulus Terrestris Extract. World Acad Sci Eng Technol, 33: 433-435.
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Borke CA, Stevens GR, Garriqan MJ. 1992. Locomotor Effects in Sheeps of Alkaloids Identified in Australian Tribulus terrestris. Aust. Vet. J,69:163-165.
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Cai L, Wu CD. 1996. Compounds from Syzygium aromaticum possessing growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogens. J. Nat. Prod,59:987–990.
4
CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). 2009. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility test. Approved standard M02-A10, 10th ed. CLSI, Wayne, PA, 29:1.
5
CLSI. 2006. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically. Approved Standard M7-A7 7th ed. CLSI Wayne PA USA, 26:2.
6
CLSI. 2009. Methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria. Approved standard M11-A7 7th ed. CLSI Wayne PA, 27:2.
7
FazlyBazzaz BS, Haririzadeh G. 2003. Screening of Iranian plants for antimicrobial activity. Pharmaceutical. Biology, 41:573-583.
8
Hong-Keun Oh, Soo Jeong Park, Hae Dalma Moon, Seung Hwan Jun, Na-Young Choi and Yong-Ouk You. 2011. Tribulus terrestrisinhibits caries-inducing properties of Streptococcus mutans. J. Med. Plants. Res, 5:6061-6066.
9
Janovska D, Kubikova K, Kokoska L. 2003. Screening for Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants Species of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Czech. J. Food. Sci,21:107-110.
10
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11
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12
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Poole K. 2001. Overcoming antimicrobial resistance by targeting resistance mechanisms. J. Pharma. Pharmacol, 53:283-284.
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17
Sedighinia F, Safipour Afshar A, Soleimanpour S, Zarif R, Asili J, Ghazvini J. 2012. Antibacterial activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra against oral pathogens: an in vitro stud. Avicenna. J. Phytomed, 3:118-124.
18
Singh J, Kumar A, Budhiraja S, Hooda A. 2007. Ethnomedicine: use in dental caries. Braz. J. Oral. Sci, 6:1308-1312.
19
Soleimanpour S, Sedighinia F, Safipour Afshar A, Zarif R, Asili J, Ghazvini K. 2013. Synergistic Antibacterial Activity of Capsella bursa-pastoris and Glycyrrhiza glabra Against Oral Pathogens. Jundishapur. J. Microbiol, 6(8): e7262. DOI:10.5812/jjm.7262.
20
Yan W, Ohtani K, Kasai R, Yamasaki K. 1996. Steroidal Saponins from Fruits of Tribulus terrestris. Phytochemistry, 42:1417-1422.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antinociceptive effects, acute toxicity and chemical composition of Vitex agnus-castus essential oil
Objective: Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) and its essential oil have been traditionally used to treat many conditions and symptoms such as premenstrual problems, mastalgia, inflammation, sexual dysfunction, and pain. In this study, the effects of essential oil extracted from Vitex agnus-castus (EOVAC) leaves were investigated in three behavioral models of nociception in adult male Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Chemical composition of EOVAC was analyzed using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and also its possible toxicity was determined in mice. Analgesic effect of EOVAC was determined using tail immersion test, formalin test, and acetic acid-induced visceral pain in rats. Results: EOVAC (s.c.) and morphine (i.p.) significantly (p<0.05) reduced pain responses in both formalin and tail immersion tests. In the study of evolved mechanisms, pretreatment with naloxone or atropine significantly (p <0.05) reversed the essential oil-induced analgesia in both formalin and tail immersion tests. Moreover, EOVAC and Piroxicam produced significant (p<0.05) inhibition in the acetic acid-induced writhing response.EOVAC did not show any mortality even at high dose (5 g/kg, p.o.) of administration in toxicity test. Moreover, according to GC-MS results, major components of the EOVAC were α-pinene (14.83%), limonene (10.29%), β-caryophyllene (6.9%), sabinene (5.27%), and β-farnesene (5.9%). Conclusions: These results suggest that endogenous opioidergic system as well as muscarinergic receptors of cholinergic system may be involve in the antinociceptive activity of Vitex agnus-castus essential oil in these models of pain in rats.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4048_34174f1eac310d94ed95b92a07a1330e.pdf
2015-05-01
218
230
10.22038/ajp.2015.4048
Vitex agnus-castus
Antinociception
acute toxicity
Chemical composition, Rat
Emad
Khalilzadeh
e.khalilzadeh@tabrizu.ac.ir
1
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Vafaei Saiah
vafaei@tabrizu.ac.ir
2
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Hamideh
Hasannejad
hasannegad_vet89@yahoo.com
3
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Adel
Ghaderi
adelghadery@yahoo.com
4
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Shahla
Ghaderi
shahla.ghaderi88@yahoo.com
5
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Hamidian
ghamidian@yahoo.com
6
Division of Histology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Razzagh
Mahmoudi
mahmodi@tabrizu.ac.ir
7
Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Davoud
Eshgi
dvm.eshghi_vet@yahoo.com
8
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahsa
Zangisheh
mahsa_vet@yahoo.com
9
Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R.Iran.
AUTHOR
Abbott FV, Bonder M. 1997. Options for management of acute pain in the rat. Vet Rec, 140: 553-557.
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Ambrosini A, Di Lorenzo C, Coppola G, Pierelli F. 2013. Use of Vitex agnus-castus in migrainous women with premenstrual syndrome: an open-label clinical observation. Acta Neurol Belg, 113: 25-29.
2
Anand P, Whiteside G, Fowler CJ, Hohmann AG. 2009. Targeting CB2 receptors and the endocannabinoid system for the treatment of pain. Brain Res Rev, 60: 255-266.
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Atmaca M, Kumru S, Tezcan E. 2003. Fluoxetine versus Vitex agnus castus extract in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Hum Psychopharmacol, 18: 191-195.
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Ghannadi A, Bagherinejad MR, Abedi D, Jalali M, Absalan B, Sadeghi N. 2012. Antibacterial activity and composition of essential oils from Pelargonium graveolens L’Her and Vitex agnus-castus L. Iran J Microbiol, 4: 171-176.
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Jones PG, Dunlop J. 2007. Targeting the cholinergic system as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pain. Neuropharmacology, 53:197-206.
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45
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa against serum/glucose deprivation-induced PC12 cells injury
Objectives: Findings natural products with antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties has been one of the interesting challenges in the search for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases including ischemic stroke. Serum/glucose deprivation (SGD) has been used as a model for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of neuronal damage during ischemia in vitro and for the expansion of neuroprotective drugs against ischemia-induced brain injury. Recent studies showed that Hibiscus sabdariffa exert pharmacological actions such as potent antioxidant. Therefore, in this study we investigated the protective effect of extract of H. sabdariffa against SGD-induced PC12 cells injury. Materials and Methods: Cells were pretreated with different concentrations of H. sabdariffa extract (HSE) for 2 hr, and then exposed to SGD condition for 6, 12 and 18 hr. Results: SGD caused a major reduction in cell viability after 6, 12, and 18 hr as compared with control cells (p< 0.001). Pretreatment with HSE (30-500 𝜇g/mL) significantly increased cell viability following SGD insult for 6, 12 and 18 hr. A significant increase in cell apoptosis was seen in cells under SGD condition after 12hr as compared with control cells (p< 0.001). Pretreatment with HSE significantly decreased cell apoptosis subsequent SGD conditionafter12hr at concentration of 60, 125 and 250. Conclusion: These data showed that HSE had a protective property under SGD condition in PC12 cells, suggesting that H. sabdariffa has the potential to be used as a new therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative disorders.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4112_d1c0c45cc3217bbdd9e8a71cfcbd5ddb.pdf
2015-05-01
231
237
10.22038/ajp.2015.4112
Hibiscus sabdariffa
SGD
PC12 cell
Apoptosis
Elham
Bakhtiari
bakhtiarie921@mums.ac.ir
1
Neurocognitive Research center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Azar
Hosseini
hoseiniaz@mums.ac.ir
2
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Hadi
Mousavi
mousavih@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Afsharzadeh M, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Zare A, Mousavi SH. 2012. Protective Effect of Scutellarialitwinowii Extract on Serum/Glucose-Deprived Cultured PC12 Cells and Determining the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species. J Toxicol, 2012: 413279.
1
Ali BH, Al Wabel N, Blunden G. 2005. Phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological laspects of Hibiscussabdariffa L.: a review. See comment in PubMed Commons below Phytother Res, 19: 369-375.
2
Amantea D, Marrone MC, Nistico R, Federici M, Bagetta G, Bernardi G, Mercuri NB. 2005. Oxidative stress in stroke pathophysiology validation of hydrogen peroxide metabolism as a pharmacological target to afford neuroprotection. Int Rev Neurobiol, 85: 363-374.
3
Chang YC, Huang HP, Hsu JD, Yang SF, Wang CJ. 2005. Hibiscus anthocyanins rich extract-induced apoptotic cell death in human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 205: 201-212.
4
Chen CC, Chou FP, Ho YC, Lin WL, Wang C. P, Kao E. S, Huang AC, Wang CJ. 2004. Inhibitory effects of H. sabdariffa L. extract on low-density lipoprotein oxidation and anti-hyperlipidemia in fructose-fed and cholesterol-fed rats. See comment in PubMed Commons below J Sci Food Agric, 84, 1989–1996.
5
Chu LF, Wang WT, Ghanta VK, Lin CH, Chiang YY, Hsueh CM. 2008.Ischemic brain cell-derived conditioned medium protects astrocytes against ischemia through GDNF/ERK/NF-kB signaling pathway. Brain Res, 1239: 24-35.
6
Costa-Rocha I, Bonnlaender B, Sievers H, Pischel I, Heinrich M. 2014.Hibiscus sabdariffa L. - a phytochemical and pharmacological review. Food Chem, 165: 424-443.
7
Forouzanfar F, AfkhamiGoli A, Asadpour E, Ghorbani A, Sadeghnia HR. 2013. Protective Effect of Punicagranatum L. against Serum/Glucose Deprivation-Induced PC12 Cells Injury.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013: 716730.
8
Hillion JA, Takahashi K, Maric D, Ruetzler C, Barker JL, Hallenbeck JM. 2005. Development of an ischemic tolerance model in a PC12 cell line. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 25: 154-162.
9
khaghani SH, Razi F, MohammadianYajloo M, Paknejad M, Shariftabrizi A, Pasalar P. 2011. Selective Cytotoxicity and Apoptogenic Activity of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Aqueous Extract against MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line.J Cancer Ther, 2: 394-400.
10
Lin HH, Chen JH, Kuo WH, Wang CJ. 2007. Chemopreventive properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. on human gastric carcinoma cells through apoptosis induction and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling activation. ChemBiol Interact, 165: 59-75.
11
Lin HH, Huang HP, Huang CC, Chen JH, Wang CJ. 2005. Hibiscus polyphenol-rich extract induces apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells via p53 phosphorylation and p38 MAPK/FasL cascade pathway. MolCarcinog, 43: 86-99.
12
Lorenz L, Dang J, Misiak M, TamehAbolfazl A, Beyer C, Kipp M. 2009. Combined 17beta-oestradiol and progesterone treatment prevents neuronal cell injury in cortical but not midbrain neurons or neuroblastoma cells. J Neuroendocrinol, 21: 841-849.
13
Moley K. H, MuecklerM. M. 2000. Glucose transport and apoptosis. Apoptosis, 5: 99–105.
14
Mousavi SH, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Asghari M, Sadeghnia HR. 2010. Protective effect of Nigella sativa extract and thymoquinone on serum/glucose deprivation-induced PC12 cells death. Cell MolNeurobiol, 30: 591-598.
15
Oboh G, Rocha J. B. T. 2008. Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Properties of Sour Tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa, calyx) and Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) on some Pro-oxidant-induced Lipid Peroxidation in Brain in vitro. Food Biophysics, 3: 382–389.
16
Reimann-Philipp U, Ovase R, Weigel PH, Grammas P. 2001. Mechanisms of cell death in primary cortical neurons and PC12 cells. J Neurosci Res, 64: 654-660.
17
Rosamond W, Flegal K, Friday G, Furie K, Go A, Greenlund K, Haase N, Ho M, Howard V, Kissela B, Kittner S, Lloyd-Jones D, McDermott M, Meigs J, Moy C, Nichol G, O'Donnell CJ, Roger V, Rumsfeld J, Sorlie P, Steinberger J, Thom T, Wasserthiel-Smoller S, Hong Y. 2007. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2007 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation, 115: e69-171.
18
Sindi HA, Marshall LJ, Morgan MR. 2014.Comparative chemical and biochemical analysis of extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Food Chem, 164: 23-29.
19
Tseng TH, Kao ES, Chu CY, Chou FP, Lin Wu HW, Wang CJ.1997.Protective effects of dried flower extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. against oxidative stress in rat primary hepatocytes. Food ChemToxicol, 35: 1159-1164.
20
Woronowicz A, Amith SR, Davis VW, Jayanth P, De Vusser K, Laroy W, Contreras R, Meakin SO, Szewczuk MR. 2007.Trypanosome trans-sialidase mediates neuroprotection against oxidative stress, serum/glucose deprivation, and hypoxia-induced neurite retraction in Trk-expressing PC12 cells. Glycobiology, 17: 725-734.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hepatoprotective activity of aerial parts of Otostegia persica against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats
Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective properties of Otostegia persica (O. persica) ethanol extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. Materials and Methods: Fifty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group I served as normal control and was given only olive oil intraperitoneally (i.p.). Group II, III, IV, and V were administered CCl4 mixed with olive oil 1:1 (1 ml/kg) i.p., twice a week for 8 weeks. Group II was maintained as CCl4-intoxicated control (hepatotoxic group). Group III, IV, and V received O. persica extract at a dose of 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg for 8 weeks every 48 h orally, respectively. Biochemical parameters including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), and lipid peroxidation marker (Malonaldialdehyde, (MDA) were determined in serum. After 8 weeks, animals were sacrificed, livers dissected out, and evaluated for histomorphological changes. Results: The administration of CCl4 increased AST, ALT, ALP, TB, and MDA in serum but it decreased TP , and ALB compared with normal control. Treatment with O. persica extract at three doses resulted in decreased enzyme markers, bilirubin levels, and lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) and increased TP and ALB compared with CCl4 group. The results of pathological study also support the hepatoprotective effects which were observed at doses of 80 and 120 mg/kg. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that ethanol extract of O. persica may have hepatoprotective effect which is probably due to its antioxidant property.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4137_e6ffb1611c3f1d80ac0c2106411762ab.pdf
2015-05-01
238
246
10.22038/ajp.2015.4137
Hepatoprotective effect
Otostegia persica
Liver injury
Carbon tetrachloride
Antioxidant property
Mehdi
Akbartabar Toori
m_akbartabar@yahoo.co.uk
1
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Behzad
Joodi
judy_behzad@yahoo.com
2
Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Heibatollah
Sadeghi
hsadeghim@yahoo.com
3
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hossein
Sadeghi
h_sadeghi_m@yahoo.com
4
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrzad
Jafari
mehrzadj14@gmail.com
5
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Sharif
Talebianpoor
taleb_84@yahoo.com
6
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Foad
Mehraban
heartm81@gmail.com
7
Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Mostafazadeh
(mostafa_mostafazade@yahoo.com
8
Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Ghavamizadeh
mehdighavamiz@gmail.com
9
Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
AUTHOR
Aniya Y, Koyama T, Miyagi C, Miyahira M, Inomata C, Kinoshita S, Ichiba T. 2005. Free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective actions of the medicinal herb, Crassocephalum crepidioides from the Okinawa Islands. Biol Pharm Bull, 28:19-23.
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47
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
In Vitro effect of the ethanolic extract of Tephrosia Vogelii on Rhipicephalus Sanguineus in Abomey-Calavi
Objectives: Ticks are vectors of several diseases, of which many are zoonosis transmissible to humans. The use of Tephrosia leafs’ extract as a low cost acaricide is spreading among farmers in central Kenya. Materials and Methods: The present study’s aim is to inventory endogenous control methods against dogs’ ticks among which Rhipicephalus sanguineus, in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi. From September to October 2013, a survey was made on forty randomly selected breeders and ticks samples were collected on forty dogs. The web platform, www.epicollect.net, was used for the survey. In total, 77.5% (n=40) of examined dogs were infested with ticks Results: Three species of ticks were identified: Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Haemaphysalis leachi, and Amblyomma variegatum. They were found on 77.5%, 17.5%, and 15% of examined dogs, respectively. The numerical abundance of the three species was 87.06%, 11.9%, and 1.03%, respectively. The average number of ticks per animal was 16.83±5.04, 2.3±1.64, and 0.2±0.08 for Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Haemaphysalis leachi, and Amblyomma variegatum, respectively. Farmers used manual diptank (67.5%), plant ash (37.5%), petroleum (12.5%), motor oil (2.50 %), and sea water (7.5%) to fight against ticks. Conclusions: The phytochemical screening of the leafy stem’s powder of Tephrosia vogelii revealed the presence of catechol tannins, saponins, sugars, leuco-anthocyanins, polyterpenes, and sterols. A 100% larval mortality was observed at the concentration of 20% the ethanolic extract of the leafy stem of Tephrosia vogelii. The LC50 of this ethanolic extract against Rhipicephalus sanguineus larvae was equal to 2.6%.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4070_bd70c0919c39e4eaf8c829e45a8a8ebd.pdf
2015-05-01
247
259
10.22038/ajp.2015.4070
Dog
Tephrosia vogelii
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Abomey-Calavi
Dougnon Tossou
Jacques
dougnonj@yahoo.fr
1
Research Laboratory in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
AUTHOR
Adéhan
Safiou
2
Research Laboratory in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
AUTHOR
Houessionon
Jédirfort
3
Research Laboratory in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
AUTHOR
Farougou
Souaïbou
4
Research Laboratory in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP2009 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin
AUTHOR
Abott WS. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects of Rosa damascena hydro-alcoholic extract on rat hippocampus
Objective: Previously, analgesic, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant effects have been suggested for Rosa damascena (R. damascena). In the present study, possible anti-seizure and neuro-protective effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of R. damascena has been investigated after inducing seizures in rats by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Materials and Methods: The rats were divided to five groups: (1) Control: received saline, (2) PTZ: 100 mg/kg, i.p., (3) PTZ-Extract 50 mg/kg(PTZ-Ext 50), (4) PTZ- Extract 100 mg/kg(PTZ-Ext 100), and (5) PTZ- Extract 200 mg/kg(PTZ-Ext 200) groups which were treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg respectively of hydro-alcoholic extract of R. damascena for one week before PTZ injection. The animals were examined for electrocorticography (ECoG) recording and finally, the brains were removed for histological study. Results: The hydro-alcoholic extract of R. damascena significantly prolonged the latency of seizure attacks and reduced the frequency and amplitude of epileptiform burst discharges induced by PTZ injection. Moreover, all three doses of the extract significantly inhibited production of dark neurons in different regions of the hippocampus in the mentioned animal model. Conclusion: The present study showed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of R. damascena has anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects. More investigations are needed to be done in order to better understand the responsible compound(s) as well as the possible mechanism(s).
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_4138_deaaae283aa246eda8aedb8fba121e18.pdf
2015-05-01
260
270
10.22038/ajp.2015.4138
Rosa damascena
Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)
Dark Cell
Hippocampus
Mansour
Homayoun
mansour.homayoun@yahoo.com
1
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Masoumeh
seghatoleslam
seghatoleslamm@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mojtaba
Pourzaki
pourzhakim911@mums.ac.ir
3
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Reihaneh
Shafieian
shafieianr@mums.ac.ir
4
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Hosseini
hosseinim@mums.ac.ir
5
Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan
ebrahimzadehba@mums.ac.ir
6
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
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