ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effects of Artemisia deserti ethanolic extract on pathology and function of rat kidney
Objectives: Medicinal plants played an important role in human health. The kidney is a major organ for elimination the additional materials of body. Some of metabolic waste products are excreted through the kidneys, give us useful information about kidney health. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the effects of A. deserti flowering tips extract on kidney. Materials and Methods: Three groups of animal were studied. Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 was injected with saline, group 2 and 3 were injected with extract, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The animals were anesthetized, blood samples were collected 2 days after the last injection, then urea, uric acid and creatinine levels were assayed. Also, the kidney histology was studied. Results: No significant changes in urea and uric acid were observed. But, creatinine concentration was changed significantly in group 3 compared to other groups. The extract caused histologic changes in the kidney, including, glomerular atrophy, congestion of inflammatory cells and degeneration of the renal tubules. Conclusion: The results showed that A. deserti extract was able to damage the kidney tissue. However, the reason for these histopathological changes remains to be clarified.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3259_82452ac3d61b0b6db430a37670c2e6b9.pdf
2014-11-01
371
376
10.22038/ajp.2014.3259
Artemisia deserti
Extract
Kidney
Rat
Ali
Noori
ali.noori55@gmail.com
1
Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Leila
Amjad
amjad.leila@gmail.com
2
Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Fereshteh
Yazdani
fereshteh67yazdani@yahoo.com
3
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Adam S, AI-Qarawi A, Elhag E. 2000. Effects of various levels of dietary Artemisia abyssinica leaves on rats. Lab Animal, 34: 307-312.
1
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Ene-ojo AS, Chinedu EA, Yakasai FM. 2013. Toxic effects of sub-chronic administration of chloroform extract of Artemisia maciverae Linn. on the kidney of swiss albino rats. Inter J Biochem Res Rev, 3: 119-128.
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17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Khaya senegalensis inhibits piroxicam mediated gastro-toxicity in wistar rats
Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of piroxicam co-administration with ethanolic stem-bark extract of Khaya senegalensis on biomarkers of oxidative stress and gastro-toxicity in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy male and female Albino Wistar rats (190-220 g) were grouped into six (n = 5) with designated treatments including: Normal saline, piroxicam (20 mg/kg), extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) alone and both doses of the extract co-administered with piroxicam. The drugs were administered orally to all the rats for fourteen consecutive days and on the fifteenth day, they were euthanized with chloroform inhalation. Blood samples and the stomachs were isolated for evaluation of the oxidative stress biomarkers and gastro integrity, respectively. Results: The results of the study revealed that the levels of oxidative stress markers didn’t differ significantly between the groups receiving the extract alone, the extract in combination or piroxicam alone. Gross and histological observations of the stomach showed gastric mucosal changes and mild atrophic lesions in the piroxicam group only. Conclusion: This study illustrates the interaction of Khaya senegalensis and piroxicam results in the gastro-protective beneficial effects. The extract’s outcome on various prostaglandin levels and synthesis is being considered towards possible elucidation regarding the exact mechanism of cytoprotection.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3370_20ce022a8481e2076fb808b683b16581.pdf
2014-11-01
377
384
10.22038/ajp.2014.3370
Drug interaction
Gastro-toxicity
Khaya senegalensis
Piroxicam
Fatima Nnawodu
Ishaq
ishaq.fatima@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria-Nigeria.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdulkadir
Umar Zezi
2
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, P M B 1045, Zaria-Nigeria
AUTHOR
Temidayo Olutoyin
Olurishe
3
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, P M B 1045, Zaria-Nigeria
AUTHOR
Arumugam S, Selvaraj SV, Natesan SK, Palaniswamy K. 2011. Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity of Samanea saman (jacq) merr bark on ethanol and stress induced gastic lesions in albino rats. Indian J Pharmacol, 43: 586-590.
1
Balamurugan K, Sakthidevi, G, Mohan, VR. 2013. Antiulcer activity of Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam. Whole plant extracts (Caryophyllaceae).Int J Biol Med Res, 4: 3379- 3382.
2
Balasubramanian T, Chatterjee TK, Senthilkumar GP, Mani T. 2012. Effect of potent ethyl acetate fraction of Stereospermumn suaveolens extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sci Wor J 2012;2012:413196.
3
Choquet A, Magous R, Bali JP. 1993. Gastric mucosal endogenous prostanoids are involved in the cellular regulation of acid secretion from isolated parietal cells. J Pharmacol and Exp Ther, 266: 1306-11.
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Eseyin OA, Ekpo, A, Igboasoiyi AC. 2006. Biochemical changes in serum of rat treated with aqueous extract of the fruit of Telfairia occidentalis. Afr J Biomed Res,9: 235-237.
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Etuk EU, Mohammed BJ. 2009. Informant consensus selection method: A reliability assessment on medicinal plants used in north western nigeria for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Afr J Phar and Pharmacol, 3: 496-500.
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Fasinu PS, Bouic PJ, Rosenkranz B. 2010. An overview of the evidence and mechanisms of herb–drug interactions. Fr Pharmacol,3: 69.
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Fosslien E. 2000. Biochemistry of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors and molecular pathology of COX-2 in neoplasia. Ann Clin Lab Sci,30: 3-2.
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Holden W, Joseph J, Williamson L. (2005). Use of herbal remedies and potential drug interactions in rheumatology out patients. Ann Rhe Dis, 64:790.
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Jackson LM, Wu KC, Mahida YR, Jenkins D, Hawkey CJ. 2000. Cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2 in normal, inflamed and ulcerated human gastric mucosa. Gastroenterol, 47: 762-770.
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Kolawole OT, Kolawole SO, Ayankunle AA, Olaniran OI. 2012. Anti-hyperglycemic effect of Khaya senegalensis stem bark aqueous extract in wistar rats. Eur J Med Pl,2: 66-73.
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23
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Salawu OA, Tijani AY, Obidike IC, Rafindadi HA,d Emeje M. 2009. Anti-ulcerogenic properties of methanolic root extract of Piliostigmareticulatum (DC) Hoechst (Syn. Bauhiniareticulate DC) - leguminosae in rats. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol, 3: 252-258.
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Taubert KA. 2008. Can patients with cardiovascular disease take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs? Circul, 117: 322-324.
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Udegbunam RI, Nwamkpa OK, Udegbunam SO, Nwaehujor CO, Offor GE. 2012. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activities of root extracts of Stephaniadinklagei (Engl.) Diels. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol, 6: 834-839.
33
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34
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The efficacy of hydro alcoholic extract of Seidlitzia rosmarinus on experimental zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions in murine model
Objective: Leishmaniasis is one of the most important parasitic infectious diseases in the world. Since last century, many efforts have been made to control and treat the disease, but appropriate vaccines, pesticides and medicines are not available or even eligible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Seidlitzia rosmarinus on the lesions of experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Balb/c mice. Materials and Methods: The population study was 60 Ballb/c mice which divided to 6 groups, all infected with Leishmania major [MRHO/75/IR]. Soon after the ulcer started to appear in the early stage, a dose of provided herbal extract with 5, 10 and 15% concentration applied on each lesion. The surface area of the lesions measured during an interval of 10 days. Direct Giemsa stained smears prepared two and four weeks after treatment. Results: Increasing the mean size of the lesions was statistically significant compared to those in control group (p>0.001). Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) developed in all of the mice including the control group that received Eucerine alone. Survival rate in group receiving 15% S. rosmarinus extracts showed significantly higher compared to mice in control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Hydro-alcoholic extracts of S.rosmarinus with concentrations below15% did not show a therapeutic effect on experimental CL ulcers of Balb/c mice. Further studies with higher concentrations or nano particles are recommended.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3429_2e96aeda99c09912514f9c8f64a19fae.pdf
2014-11-01
385
391
10.22038/ajp.2014.3429
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Hydro-alcoholic extract
Leishmania major
Seidlitziarosmarinus
Maryam
Ahmadi
ahmadim883@mums.ac.ir
1
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Emam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Abdolmajid
Fata
fataa@mums.ac.ir
2
Research Center for Skin Diseases & Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali
Khamesipour
khamesipour_ali@yahoo.com
3
Centre for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
Hasan
Rakhshandeh
rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal plant Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
Akram
Mohammadi
miramin48@yahoo.com
5
Centre for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
Ghodratollah
Salehi
salehig1@mums.ac.ir
6
Research Center for Skin Diseases & Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
Hadi
Monavari
7
Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal plant Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran.
AUTHOR
Beheshti M, Ghotbi Sh, Amirizade S. 2007. Therapeutic and Adverse Effects of Glucantime Used for Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Shiraz E-Med. J, 8: 155-161.
1
Berman J. Current treatment approaches to Leishmaniasis. 2003. CurrOpin Infect Dis, 16:397-401.
2
Doroodgar A, Arbabi M, RazaviMR ,Mohebali M, Sadr F .2008. Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Murine Model by Hydro-alcoholic Essence of Artemisia sieberi. Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, 2: 42-47.
3
Fata A, Elahi R., Haririzadeh G, Ghahramani S, Tavakoli 1993. Study the effect of juice, extract and active ingredient of Euphorbia myrsinites on growth of promastigotes in NNN medium. Med J Mashhad Univ Med.Sci., 36: 30-36
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Fata A, Rakhshandeh H, Berenji F, Jalilianfard A. 2006. Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in murine model by Alcoholic Extract of Berberis vulgaris. Iranian J Parasitol,1: 39-42.
5
Fatahi Bafghi A, Taghi Noorbala M , Hejazian SH. 2008. The Effect of RubiaTinctorium Extract on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in BALB/c Mice. World J Zool, 3: 25-29.
6
Hadi MR. 2009. Biotechnological potentials of Seidlitziarosmarinus: A mini review. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8: 2429-2431.
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Hedge IC, Akhani H, Freitag, H, Kother-Heinrich G, Podlech D, Rilke S, Uotila P. 1997. Flora Iranica. Chenopodiaceae.1997. pp. 172: 371, Graz, Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, Austria
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Jaafari M.R., Bavarsad N, FazlyBazzaz B.S., Samiei A., Dina Soroush, Ghorbani S., LotfiHeravi M.M., Khamesipour A. 2009. The Effect of Topical Liposomes Containing Paromomycin Sulfate (PM) in the Course of Leishmania major Infection in Susceptible BALB/c Mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother, 53: 2259-2265.
9
Jaafari M.R., Behravan J., BodaghAbadi A., Ramezani M. 2006. Evaluation of leishmanicidal effect of Euphorbia myrsinites extract by in vitro antileishmanial assay using promastigote of Leishmania. Major. Iranian J Basic Med Sc, 8: 295-298.
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Kurban K. Iraqi advances in dermatology, news in dermatological treatment, 20 Sep. 2000, proceeding of 7th pan Arab Congress of Dermatology and Venereology, Tunis-Carthage, Tunisie.
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Mirheydar H. 2001. Herbal Information: Usage of Plants in Prevention and Treatment of Diseases, Islamic Culture Press Center, Tehran, Iran.
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Nakhaei M , Moin-Vaziri V , Fata A , Haghighi A , Iranshahi M , Abadi A.R , Sartavi K , Jaffari M.R , Effect of topical exudate and gel of Aloe vera in the course of leishmania major infection in susceptible Balb/C mice , 19Oct. 2010, 7thnational and the second regional congress of Parasitology and parasitic diseases in Iran, Tehran , Iran.
13
Nilforoushzadeh M A, Shirani-Bidabadi L A. 2008. Zolfaghari-Baghbaderania, S. Saberia, Siadata AH, Mahmoudib M. Comparison of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme), Achilleamillefolium (Yarrow) and propolis hydro-alcoholic extracts versus systemic glucantime in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in balb/c mice. J Vector Borne Dis, 45: 301–306.
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Parsa A. 1959. Medicinal plants and drugs of plant origin in Iran. Plant Foods Hum Nutr, 5: 375-394.
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Tafaghodi M,Khamesipour A, Jaafari MR. 2011. Immunization against leishmaniasis by PLGA nanospheres encapsulated with autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM) and CpG-ODN. Parasitol Res, 108: 1265-1273.
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Tafaghodi M., Khamesipour A., Jaafari M.R. 2010. Immunization against leishmaniasis by PLGA nanospheres loaded with an experimental Autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM) and Quillajasaponins. Tropical Biomedicine, 27: 639–650.
19
Weigel MM, Armijos RX. 2003. The traditional and medical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural Ecuador. J Am Acad Dermatol, 48:893-96.
20
World Health Organization. 2006. Control of Leishmaniasis:Report by the Secretariat. Geneva.EB118/4.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Renoprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Rheum ribes root in diabetic female rats
Objective: Medical plants, as rich sources of natural antioxidants with antidiabetic effects, are used worldwide to diminish a variety of symptoms and many diseases. R. ribes L., which belongs to the family of polygonaceae, can provide symptomatic relief and assist in the prevention of the secondary complications of the diabetes. Material and Methods: 36 female adult rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6. Normal Control groups treated with normal saline. Positive control groups treated with hydroalcohlic extract of R. ribes root (150 mg/kg) daily by gavages for 4 consecutive weeks. Diabetes was inducedby injection of 120 mg/kg alloxan monohydrate intraperitoneally. Two diabetic groups were treated with different doses of R. ribes root extract. The sixth diabetic groups were treated with glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg). At the end of 28 days, blood samples were collected and their kidney tissues were processed for light microscopy. Results: The results showed that hydro-alcoholic extract of R. ribes decreased the level of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea and creatinine in diabetic rats (p<0.05) in compared with diabetic rats, while the level of HDL increased at the same group (p<0.05). Histopathological changes of kidney samples were comparable with respective control. In diabetic rats, kidney sections showed atrophy of glomerular capillaries with increased Bowman's space and acute tubular necrosis. The groups that were treated with R. ribes root were improved towards normal condition. Conclusion: It is interesting to note that hydroalcohlic extract of R. ribes root improves renal dysfunction in alloxan-induced diabetic rats through controlling blood glucose and renal protective effects.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3371_b2fbde3a61b50ede07f8690d4ed195db.pdf
2014-11-01
392
401
10.22038/ajp.2014.3371
Alloxan
Diabetes Mellitus
R. ribes root extract
Shokri
Hamzeh
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Farah
Farokhi
f.farokhi@urmia .ac.ir
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reza
Heydari
r.heydari@urmia.ac.ir
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ramin
Manaffar
raminmanaffar@yahoo.com
4
Artemia and Aquatic Animals Research Institute of Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Abe I, Seki T, Noguchi H. 2000. Galloyl esters from rhubarb are potent inhibitors of squaleneopoxidase, a key in cholesterol biosynthesis. Planta Med, 66: 753-756.
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Abou-Seif MA, Yussef AA. 2004. Evaluation of some biochemical changes in diabetic patients. Clin Chem Acta, 346: 161-170.
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Byung-Hyun Park, Jin-Woo Park. 2001. The protective effect of Amomumxanthides extracts against alloxan-induced diabetic rats through the suppression of NF Bactivation. Exp Med, 33: 64-68.
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45
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used in Arjan – Parishan protected area in Fars Province of Iran
Objective: Today, medicinal plants are widely used in remedies for several ailments and improvement of human health because of their pharmaceutical properties. This study aimed to document important useful medicinal plants and their medicinal characteristics for treatment of human ailments in the Arjan _ Parishan protected area in Fars province of Iran during 2010-2012. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained using direct interviews with 80 informants particularly those who were more familiar with the herbs and their medicinal properties. Collected plants were recognized and families, genera, and species determined using indispensable references. In this paper, scientific name, local name, parts used, and ways of application and ailments treated using traditional medicinal plant species have been provided. Results: We documented 85 plant species belonging to 39 families and 78 genera used for treating ailments. Among which, Asteraceae with 13 species was the most frequently used family and fruits and leaves were the favored parts for local users. Our results indicated that in this area, the highest compliance in the use of plants in treating ailments were related to the intestinal digestive system (40.8%). Conclusion: The present study is the first contribution to the ethnobotany of this region. Our results showed that some plants are used for medicinal purposes in this region, either for the same or for different purposes. Generally, the results of the present investigation can be used as a basis for selecting useful medicinal plants and also help to preserve precious information that may otherwise be lost to future generations.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3387_85a4e2c36be0582e267b225719bec5fa.pdf
2014-11-01
402
412
10.22038/ajp.2014.3387
Arjan – Parishan area
Ethnobotany
Fars province
Medicinal Plants
Pharmacological
Iran
Mehdi
Dolatkhahi
dolatkhahi.m@gmail.com
1
Department of Biology, Bushehr Branch, Payam Noor University, Bushehr, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali
Dolatkhahi
dolatkhahi11@gmail.com
2
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Bagher Nejad
javadbmt@gmail.com
3
Section of Agriculture, Management of Kazeroon Jahad Keshavarzi, Fars province, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ahvazi M, Khalighi-Sigaroodi F, Charkhchiyan MM, Mojab F, Mozaffarian V, Zakeri H. 2012. Introduction of medicinal plants species with the most traditional usage in Alamut region. Iran J Pharm Res, 11: 185-194.
1
Amiri MS, Joharchi MR. 2013. Ethnobotanical investigation of traditional medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of Mashhad, Iran. AJP, 3: 254-71.
2
Assadi M, Maassoumi AA, Khatamsaz M, Mozaffarian VA. 1990-2010. Flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Tehran, 1 – 58.
3
Awan MR, Iqbal Z, Shah SM, Jamal Z, Jan G, Afzal M, Majid A, Gul A. 2011. Studies on traditional knowledge of economically important plants of Kaghan Valley, Mansehra district, Pakistan. J Med Plants Res, 5: 3958-67.
4
Davidson-Hunt I. 2000. Ecological ethnobotany: stumbling toward new practices and paradigms. MASA J, 16: 1-13.
5
Davis PH (Ed.). 1965- 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1-11.
6
Emami SA, Nadjafi F, Amine GH, Amiri MS, Khosravi MT, Nasseri M. 2012. Les espèces de plantes médicinales utilisées par les guérisseurs traditionnels dans la province de Khorasan, nord-est de l'Iran. J Ethnopharmacol. 48: 48-59.
7
Ghorbani A. 2005. Studies on pharmaceutical ethnobotany in the region of Turkmen Sahra, north of Iran (Part 1): General results. J Ethnopharmacol, 102: 58–68.
8
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9
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10
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11
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12
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13
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14
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15
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16
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Parsa A. 1978-1980. Flora of Iran. Ministry of Culture and Higher Education of Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, 1-2.
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21
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22
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24
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25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Hypericum perforatum extract on IgG titer, leukocytes subset and spleen index in rats
Objectives: Hypericum perforatum L. is a medicinal plant containing many polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids with antidepressant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was investigated the effects of Hypericum perforatum extract (HPE) on immunity, body weight (BW), and spleen index (SI) in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 Wistar male rats were randomly received 4 different doses (6 rats each) of HPE (0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW) intraperitoneally for 14 days using a completely randomized design. On days 1 and 7, rats were received 0.5 ml SRBC (10%) injection. Blood samples were collected on day 14 to evaluate IgG titer and leukocyte count. On days 1, 7 and 14, the BW and on day 14 spleen were weighted for SI. Results: The IgG titer increased with higher doses of HPE. The HPE increased number of lymphocytes at 200 mg but decreased at 400 mg, number of neutrophils decreased at 200 mg but increased at 400 mg, and number of monocytes increased at 100 mg and 200 mg but decreased at 400 mg (p<0.01). Increasing doses of HPE lowered BW (p<0.01). The HPE increased SI at 100 mg and 200 mg but decreased at 400 mg (p>0.072). Conclusions: The results showed that HPE slightly improved IgG titer but significantly increased the number of leukocytes and monocytes at 200 mg, and neutrophils at 400 mg. The HPE decreased BW at 100 mg and 200 mg with no damage on spleen.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3166_f2d7d9fef13b98c6d0850dab1c8d45fa.pdf
2014-11-01
413
419
10.22038/ajp.2014.3166
Hypericum perforatum
Immune system
Spleen index
Rats
Tahereh
Aghili
1
Graduate Student in Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Javad
Arshami
arshami007@gmail.com
2
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdol Mansur
Tahmasbi
3
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Reza
Haghparast
4
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi of University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Agrawal SS, khadase SC, Talele GS. 2010. Studies on immunomodulatory activity of Capparis zeylanica leaf extracts. Int J Pharm Sci Nanotech, 3: 887-892.
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Andrew V, Catherine Z. 1999. ABC of complementary medicine: Herbal Med J, 319: 1050-1053.
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Bafor EE, Igbinuwen O. 2009. Acute toxicity studies of the leaf extract of Ficus exasperata on haematological parameters, body weight and body temperature. J Ethnopharmacol, 123: 302-307.
3
Bickerdike MJ. 2003. 5-HT2C receptor agonists as potential drugs for the treatment of obesity. Curr Top Med Chem, 3: 885-897.
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Bombardelli E, Morazzoni P. 1995. Hypericum perforatum. Fitoterapia, 66: 43-68.
5
Can-Özgür D, Özkay-Demir Ü, Öztürk N, Öztürk Y. 2008. Hypophagic effect of Hypericum perforatum L. on rats. Federation Asian Pharmace Asso Cong (FAPA), Singapore, Proceedings and Abstracts, SCP0, 26, p.424.
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Chatterjee SS, Bhattacharya SK, Wonnemann M, Singer A, Muller WE. 1998a. Hyperforin as a possible antidepressant component of Hypericum extracts. Life Sci, 63: 499-510.
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23
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24
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29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of possible toxic effects of spearmint (Mentha spicata) on the reproductive system, fertility and number of offspring in adult male rats
Objective: In this study we investigated the effects of spearmint (Mentha spicata Labiatae) on the reproductive system, fertility and number of offspring in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: Adult Wistar male rats in one control (C) and three experimental groups (I, II and III) received 0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg spearmint extract orally for 45 days, respectively. Following this treatment, the animals’ weights, and the standard weight of reproductive tissues, sperm count, sperm motility and serum testosterone concentration were measured, and reproductive tissues were examined histopathologically. To evaluate the effects of spearmint on fertility of male rats and growth of their offspring, male rats of the control and experimental groups mated with untreated female rats. Results: Results showed that spearmint did not affect the rats’ body and reproductive tissue weights. The sperm count, fast and slow progressive motility of sperm and serum testosterone concentration decreased while number of non-progressive sperm and immotile sperm increased in the experimental groups compared to the control group, but none of these changes were statistically significant. Histopathological studies showed no severe changes in reproductive tissues between control and experimental groups. Number and growth of offspring born from mating of male rats with untreated female rats showed no difference. Conclusion: We concluded that spearmint has no significant toxic effect on the reproductive system, fertility and number of offspring in adult male rats at the above mentioned dose levels. However high levels of this extract may have adverse effects on male fertility.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3165_490611b8b507821651390ae9fa61d2fc.pdf
2014-11-01
420
429
10.22038/ajp.2014.3165
Fertility
Male
Spearmint
Sperm
Toxicity
Fatemeh
Nozhat
yfnozhat@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), IRAN
AUTHOR
Sanaz
Alaee
s.alaee@sbmu.ac.ir
2
Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Khodabakhsh
Behzadi
behzadikh@yahoo.com
3
Department of Biology, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Najmeh
Azadi Chegini
chegin_2004@yahoo.com
4
Biology Group, Department of Education, Fars, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Akdogan M, Wnc I, Oncu M, Karaoz E, Delibas NW. 2003. Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita L. and Mentha spicata L. on kidney tissue in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol, 22: 213–219.
1
Akdogan M, Ozguner M, Aydin G, Gokalp O. 2004a. Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita Labiatae and Mentha spicata Labiatae on liver tissue in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol, 23: 21–28.
2
Akdogan M, Ozguner M, Kocak A. 2004b. Effects of peppermint teas on plasma testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels and testicular tissue in rats. Urology, 64: 394–398.
3
Akdogan M, Tamer MN, Cüre E, Cüre MC, Krolu BK, Delibat N. 2007. Effect of spearmint (Mentha spicata Labiatae) teas on androgen levels in women with hirsutism. Phytother Res, 21: 444–447.
4
Amin G. 2005. Popular medicinal plants of Iran. Tehran University of Medical Sciences Press: Iran.
5
Cakilcioglu U, Khatun S, Turkoglu I, Hayta S. 2011. Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants in Maden (Elazig Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol, 137: 469–486.
6
Cooper TG. 2002. Recent advances in sperm maturation in the human epididymis. Andrologie, 12: 38–51.
7
Da Silveira RC, Leite MN, Reporedo MM, De Almeida RN. 2003. Evaluation of long-term exposure to Mikania glomerata (Sprengel) extract on male Wistar rats’ reproductive organs, sperm production and testosterone level. J Contraception, 67: 327–331.
8
Gomez Estrada H, Diaz Castillo F, Franco Ospina L, Mercad Camargo J, Guzman Ledezma J, Medina JD, Gaitan Ibarra R. 2011. Folk medicine in the northern Coast of Colombia: an overview. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed, 22: 7–27.
9
Grant P. 2010. Spearmint Herbal Tea has Significant Anti-androgen Effects in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. A Randomized Controlled Trial. Phytother Res, 24: 186–188.
10
Guimaraes R, Barreira J C, Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira IC. 2011. Effects of Oral Dosage Form and Storage Periodon the Antioxidant Properties of Four Species Used in Traditional Herbal Medicine. Phytother Res, 25: 484–492.
11
Guney M, Oral B, Karahanl N, Mungana T, Akdogan M. 2006. The effect of Mentha spicata Labiatae on uterine tissue in rats. Toxicol Ind Health, 22: 343–348.
12
Gupta RS and Sharma R. 2006. A review on medicinal plants exhibiting antifertility activity in males. Nat Prod Radiance, 5: 389–410.
13
Hafez ESE and Hafez SD. 2005.Atlas of Clinical Andrology. United Kingdom, Taylor & Francis.
14
Karousou R, Balta M, Hanlidou E, Kokkini S. 2007. "Mints", smells and traditional uses in Thessaloniki (Greece) and other Mediterranean countries. J Ethnopharmacol, 109: 248–257.
15
Kumar V, Kural MR, Pereira BMJ, Roy P. 2008. Spearmint induced hypothalamic oxidative stress and testicular anti-androgenicity in male rats – altered levels of gene expression, enzymes and hormones. Food Chem Toxicol, 46: 3563–3570.
16
Lixandru BE, Drăcea NO, Dragomirescu CC, Drăgulescu EC, Coldea IL, Anton L, Dobre E, Rovinaru C, Codiţă I. 2010. Antimicrobial activity of plant essential oils against bacterial and fungal species involved in food poisoning and/or food decay. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol, 69: 224–230.
17
Mazzio EA and Soliman KF. 2009. In Vitro Screening for the Tumoricidal Properties of International Medicinal Herbs. Phytother Res, 23: 385–398.
18
Monsefi M, Alaee S, Moradshahi A, Rohani, L. 2010. Cadmium‐induced infertility in male mice. Environ Toxicol, 25: 94–102.
19
Naghibi F, Mosaddegh M, Mohammadi Motamed S, Ghorbani A. 2005.Labiatae Family in folk Medicine in Iran. From Ethnobotany to Pharmacology. Iran J Pharm Res, 2: 63–79.
20
NIH Publication revised. 1985. Anonymous Principles of National Institute of Health, No. 85–2.
21
Nieschlag SMA, Nieschlag E, Behre H. 2000. Andrology: Male Reproductive Health and Dysfunction (2nd Edition). Berlin Heidelberg, Spring Springer-Verlag.
22
Pearson W, Fletcher RS, Kott LS. 2012. Oral rosmarinic Acid-enhanced Mentha spicata modulates synovial fluid biomarkers of inflammation in horses challenged with intra-articular LPS. J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 35: 495–502.
23
Rokaya MB, Munzbergova Z, Timsina B. 2010. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants from The Humla district of western Nepal. J Ethnopharmacol, 130: 485–504.
24
Seed J, Chapin RE, Clegg ED, Dostal LA, Foote RH, Hurtt ME. 1996. Methods for assessing sperm motility, morphology and counts in the rat, rabbit & dog: A consensus report. Reprod Toxicol, 10:237–244.
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Soković MD, Vukojević J, Marin PD, Brkić DD, Vajs V, van Griensven LJ. 2009. Chemical Composition of essential oils of Thymus and Mentha species and their antifungal activities. Molecules, 14: 238–249.
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Tayarani-Najaran T, Talasaz-Firoozi E, Nasiri R, Jalali N, MK. 2013. Antiemetic activity of volatile oil from Mentha spicata and Mentha piperita in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Ecancermedicalscience, 7: 290.
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Yoney A, Prieto JM, Lardos A, Heinrich M. 2010. Ethnopharmacy of Turkish-speaking Cypriots in Greater London. Phytother Res, 24: 731–740.
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Vejdani R, Shalmani HR, Mir-Fattahi M, Sajed-Nia F, Abdollahi M, Zali MR, Alizadeh AH, Bahari A, Amin G. 2006. The efficacy of an herbal medicine, Carmint, on the relief of abdominal pain and bloating in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a pilot study. Dig Dis Sci, 51: 1501–1507.
30
World Health Organization. 2010. WHO laboratory manual for the Examination and processing of human semen. (Fifth Edition). Switzerland, WHO Press.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of thrombolytic potential of three medicinal plants available in Bangladesh, as a potent source of thrombolytic compounds
Objective: The present study is aimed to investigate in vitro thrombolytic activity of three Bangladeshi medicinal plants Averrhoa bilimbi (Oxalidiaceae), Clerodendrum viscosum (Verbanaceae) and Drynaria quercifolia (Polypodiaceae). Materials and methods: Each the plant was extracted with methanol at room temperature and the concentrated methanolic extracts (MEF) were fractionated by the modified Kupchan partitioning method to render pet-ether soluble fraction (PESF), carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction (CTSF), chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) and aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF). To observe their thrombolytic potential, a prompt and swift method was involved where streptokinase and water were used as positive and negative control, respectively. Result: Among the three plants, AQSF and PESF of D. quercifolia with CTSF of C. viscosum exhibited highest thrombolytic activity by clot lysis of 34.38%, 34.27% and 28.64%, respectively. Among other extracts A. bilimbi, C. viscosun and D.quercifolia showed significant percentage (%) of clot lysis compared to standard streptokinase (41.05%) while the negative control water revealed 3.31 % lysis of clot. Conclusion: From our findings it is observed that all the plants revealed remarkable thrombolytic activity. Therefore, steps should be taken to observe in vivo clot dissolving potential and to isolate active component(s) of these extracts.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_3226_d1e29ea198d0c745549e7303b7c5eef5.pdf
2014-11-01
430
436
10.22038/ajp.2014.3226
In vitro
Streptokinase thrombolytic activity
% Clot lysis
Md.
Ali
ramjan_phr@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
LEAD_AUTHOR
Marjan
Hossain
m.shornaly@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Jannatul
Runa
jaopakhi11@gmail.com
3
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Md.
Hasanuzzaman
hasanprdu@gmail.com
4
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
Md.
Islam
mmislam44@gmail.c0m
5
Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali- 3814, Bangladesh
AUTHOR
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