ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Letter to the Editor: "Evaluate the effects of curcumin on the prevention of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure in patients with unstable angina"
Dear editor
In a recent issue of the journal, Dastani et al. (2019) evaluate the effects of curcumin on the prevention of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure in patients with unstable angina. Despite the fact that the topic was interesting, there were some defects and we wish to call to your attention important factual issues in this publication.
The most critical flaw of the article was the duration of supplement therapy which was about 5 days and the related complications such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, the rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the mortality rate were measured after this duration which we know is too short and it cannot show the complications and supplemental effect properly. It is important to know that heart failure and related complications are mostly chronic conditions and it is not accurate to claim that it is measurable in such a short time. Furthermore researchers didn’t assess blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, alcohol use and smoking in patients which can all change the structure and function of heart and can relate to heart failure (McMurray and Pfeffer, 2005).
In the title and keywords part, it is important to point out that which form of curcumin exactly was used in the study nevertheless the author’s only mention the “nanocurcumin” type at the end of abstract.
The authors claimed that there isn’t any similar clinical study. Even if there is not any related study, the priority is working on the effect of curcumin on some basic features like lipid profile and hypertension, and then some advanced issues like angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. However we found different researches concentrated on the similar content. One of our significant questions involves the determination of sample size that could be possible by considering previous studies which wasn’t mentioned by the authors ( Rahimi et al., 2016; Rahmani et al., 2016).
In method section, Figure 1 shows study participation diagram which wasn’t provided in the correct format. We addressed some studies with accurate participation diagram (Bauer et al., 2015; Trabal et al., 2015).
To be specific, the authors mentioned the absorption rate of SinaCurcumin in mice which is 50 times more than conventional powder of curcumin and they referenced two human studies. However there was a failure in reporting the oral absorption of SinaCurcumin in human. Furthermore, the studies that have been referenced didn’t compare the absorption rate of curcumin and nanocurcumin which there is not any justification for prescribing this dose (80 mg) in the study so it may not show proper effect.
Furthermore, duration of the intervention in this study was determined without reason and logic and the authors didn’t mention any references.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_14072_721cce22f3a63e52d9464b6a995f6df3.pdf
2020-03-01
114
115
10.22038/ajp.2019.14072
Masoud
Khorshidi
khorshidi.2065@gmail.com
1
Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Sanaz
Jamshidi
sanaz_jamshidi_1992@yahoo.com
2
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammadreza
Vafa
rezavafa@yahoo.com
3
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Dastani M, Bigdelu L, Hoseinzadeh M, Rahimi HR, Karimani A, Hooshang AM, Salari M. 2019. The effects of curcumin on the prevention of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure in patients with unstable angina: A randomized clinical trial. Avicenna j phytomed, 9: 1-9.
1
McMurray JV, Pfeffer MA. 2005. Heart failure. Lancet, 365: 1877-1889.
2
Rahimi HR, Mohammadpour AH, Dastani M, Jaafari MR, Abnous K, Mobarhan MG, Kazemi Oskuee R. 2016. The effect of nano-curcumin on HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile in diabetic subjects: a randomized clinical trial. Avicenna j phytomed, 6: 567-577.
3
Rahmani S, Asgary S, Askari G, Keshvari M, Hatamipour M, Feizi A, Sahebkar A. 2016. Treatment of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease with curcumin: A randomized placebo‐controlled trial. Phytother Res, 30: 1540-1548.
4
Bauer JM, Verlaan S, Bautmans I, Brandt K, Donini LM, Maggio M, McMurdo ME, Mets T, Seal C, Wijers SL, Ceda GP, De Vito G, Donders G, Drey M, Greig C, Holmbäck U, Narici M, McPhee J, Poggiogalle E, Power D, Scafoglieri A, Schultz R, Sieber CC, Cederholm T. 2015. Effects of a vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement on measures of sarcopenia in older adults, the PROVIDE study: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 16: 740-747.
5
Trabal J, Forga M, Leyes P, Torres F, Rubio J, Prieto E, Farran-Codina A. 2015. Effects of free leucine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and functional status in older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Interv Aging, 10: 713-723.
6
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response to Letter to the Editor: "Evaluate the effects of curcumin on the prevention of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure in patients with unstable angina"
Dear editor
Regarding the duration of supplement therapy in our study which has been published in the Avicenna J Phytomed, 2019; 9(1): 1-9, “The effects of curcumin on the prevention of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure in patients with unstable angina” (Dastani et al., 2019), some critical flaws has been mentioned. Primarily, we are grateful for the consideration of this article and we also appreciate the suggestions which have been very useful. Here, we will describe the most important point which was missed.
The duration of supplement therapy was about 5 days and all the related complications were measured after this time.
Acute coronary syndrome is a medical emergency (Switaj et al., 2017) that begins with tearing of atherosclerosis plaque in one of the coronary epicardial arteries and the thrombus placement on the atherosclerosis plaque (Bentzon et al., 2014). Inflammation plays a key role in rupturing the plaque and pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (Mulvihill et al., 2002). The chances of full vein closure increases when plaques tear off, and eventually an unstable angina can progress to a myocardial infarction (Willerson et al., 1991). All these happenings could be completed in 5 days. By inhibiting inflammation or other responsible factors during this period, the progression of unstable angina towards the myocardial infarction can be prevented. Therefore, the patients with no significant risk factor can find a stable condition within 5 days of hospital admission. Regarding the high role of inflammation during the first days of acute coronary syndromes and stabilization of the patients after that time, the study period of this study was 5 days.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_14073_789a6ebcd7f172977d4eb6c45bee2646.pdf
2020-03-01
116
117
10.22038/ajp.2019.14073
Mostafa
Dastani
dastanim@mums.ac.ir
1
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Asieh
Karimani
karimania921@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir Hooshang
Mohammadpour
mohamadpoorah@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Dastani M, Bigdelu L, Hoseinzadeh M, Rahimi HR, Karimani A, Hooshang AM, Salari M. 2019. The effects of curcumin on the prevention of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure in patients with unstable angina: A randomized clinical trial. Avicenna J Phytomed, 9: 1-9.
1
Switaj TL, Christensen SR, Brewer DM. 2017. Acute coronary syndrome: current treatment. Am Fam Physician, 95: 232-240.
2
Bentzon JF, Otsuka F, Virmani R, Falk E. 2014. Mechanisms of plaque formation and rupture. Circ Res, 114: 1852-1866.
3
Mulvihill NT, Foley JB. 2002. Inflammation in acute coronary syndromes. Heart, 87: 201-204.
4
Willerson JT, Yao SK, Ferguson J, Anderson HV, Golino p, Buja LM. 1991. Unstable angina pectoris and the progression to acute myocardial infarction role of platelets and platelet-derived mediators. Tex Heart Inst J, 18: 243-247.
5
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of stevia on glycemic and lipid profile of type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized controlled trial
Objective: Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural and healthyalternative sweetener to sugar and artificial sweeteners, which has become important for human diets and food manufactures. In this study, the effects of stevia or sucralose as tea sweeteners on glycemic and lipid profile of type 2 diabetic patients were investigated. Materials and Methods: A double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 34 type 2 diabetic patients. These patients were assigned into two groups of stevia (n=15) (received 1 cup of 2% stevia extract-sweet tea in three meals) and non-stevia (n=19) (received one tablet of sucralose sweetener) daily for eight weeks. Glycemic response and lipid profile of the participants were assessed. Furthermore, height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of the participants were measured as well as their dietary intakes at the baseline and at the end of the study. Results: Findings showed no significant differences in fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels between the base line and after two hours, in participants. Also, no significant differences in insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and lipid levels were found between the two groups. Conclusion: Results of the current study showed that the highlighted doses of stevia in sweetened tea could be an alternative to sucralose in diabetic patients with no effects on blood glucose, HbA1C, insulin and lipid levels.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13652_3b594b7e943a4d0ad9861135c286cba1.pdf
2020-03-01
118
127
10.22038/ajp.2019.13652
Stevia
Sucralose
Type 2 diabetes
Glycemic response
lipid profile
Marjan
Ajami
nutritionist80@gmail.com
1
Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Maryam
Seyfi
maryam.shahpar69@gmail.com
2
Nutritional Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Abdollah Pouri Hosseini
f.p.hosseini@gmail.com
3
Nutritional Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Parisa
Naseri
pnaseri.89@gmail.com
4
Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran. Iran.
AUTHOR
Aynaz
Velayati
aynaz.velayati@yahoo.com
5
Nutritional Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fahimeh
Mahmoudnia
mahmoudnia92@ymail.com
6
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Maliheh
Zahedirad
aban278@yahoo.com
7
Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Majid
Hajifaraji
m39faraji@yahoo.com
8
Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abo Elnaga NIE, Massoud MI, Yousef MI, Mohamed HHA. 2016. Effect of stevia sweetener consumption as non-caloric sweetening on body weight gain and biochemical’s parameters in overweight female rats. Ann Agr Sci, 61: 155–163.
1
Anton SD,Martin CK, Han H, Coulon S, Cefalu WT, Geiselman P, Williamson DA. 2010. Effects of stevia, aspartame, and sucrose on food intake, satiety, and postprandial glucose and insulin levels. Appetite, 55: 37–43.
2
Awney HA, Massoud MI, El-Maghrabi S. 2011. Long-term feeding effects of stevioside sweetener on some toxicological parameters of growing male rats. J Appl Toxicol, 31: 431–438.
3
Azimi-Nezhad M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Parizadeh MR, Safarian M, Esmaeili H, Parizadeh SMJ, Khodaee G, Hosseini J, Abasalti Z, Hassankhani B, Ferns G. 2008. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran and its relationship with gender, urbanisation, education, marital status and occupation. Singapore Med J. 49: 571–576.
4
Brown RJ, De Banate MA, Rother KI. 2010. Artificial Sweeteners: A systematic review of metabolic effects in youth. Int J Pediatr Obes, 5: 305–312.
5
Chavushyan VA, Simonyan KV, Simonyan RM, Isoyan AS, Simonyan RA, Babakhanyan MA, Hovhannisyian LE, Nahapetyan KhH, Avetisyan LG, Simonyan MA. 2017. Effects of stevia on synaptic plasticity and NADPH oxidase level of CNS in conditions of metabolic disorders caused by fructose. BMC Complement Altern Med, 17: 540-552.
6
Gardner C, Wylie-Rosett J, Gidding SS, Steffen LM, Johnson RK, Reader D, Lichtenstein AH. 2012. Nonnutritive sweeteners: current use and health perspectives: a scientific statement from the American heart association and the American diabetes association. Diabetes Care, 35: 1798–1808.
7
Geeraert B, Crombe F, Hulsmans M, Benhabiles N, Geuns JM, Holvoet P. 2010. Stevioside inhibits atherosclerosis by improving insulin signaling and antioxidant defense in obese insulin-resistant mice. Int J Obes (Lond), 34: 569–577.
8
Geuns JM, Buyse J, Vankeirsbilck A, Temme EH. 2007. Metabolism of stevioside by healthy subjects. Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 232: 164–173.
9
Goyal SK, Samsher, Goyal RK. 2010. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) a bio-sweetener: a review. Int J Food Sci Nutr, 61: 1–10.
10
Gregersen S, Jeppesen PB, Holst JJ, Hermansen K. 2004. Antihyperglycemic effects of stevioside in type 2 diabetic subjects. Metabolism, 53:73-76.
11
Karimi M, Ahmadi A, Hashemi J, Abbasi A, Angelini LG. 2014. Effect of two plant growth retardants on steviol glycosides content and antioxidant capacity in Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). Acta Physiol Plant. 36: 1211–1219.
12
Lemus-Mondaca R, Vega-Galvez A, Zura-Bravo L, Ah-Hen K. 2012. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, source of a high-potency natural sweetener: A comprehensive review on the biochemical, nutritional and functional aspects. Food Chem, 132: 1121–1132.
13
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K,Aboyans V, Adair T, Aggarwal R, YAhn S, AAlMazroa M, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM,Atkinson KGC, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S,Murray CJL.2012. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet, 380: 2095–2128.
14
Misra H, Soni M, Silawat N,Mehta D, Mehta BK, and Jain DC. 2011. Antidiabetic activity of medium-polar extract from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. (Bertoni) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Pharm Bioall Sci, 3: 242–248.
15
Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Esmaeili SA, Abdollahi E, Sahebkar A. 2017. A review on the pharmacology and toxicology of steviol glycosides extracted from stevia rebaudiana. Curr Pharm Des, 23: 1616–1622.
16
Philippaert K, Pironet A, Mesuere M, Sones W, Vermeiren L, Kerselaers S, Pinto S, Segal A, Antoine N, Gysemans C, Laureys J, Lemaire K, Gilon P, Cuypers E, Tytgat J, Mathieu C, Frans S, Rorsman P, Talavera K, Voets T, Vennekens R. 2017. Steviol glycosides enhance pancreatic beta-cell function and taste sensation by potentiation of TRPM5 channel activity. Nat Commun, 8: 14733-14748.
17
Potocnjak I, Broznic D, Kindl M, Kropek M, Vladimir-Knezevic S, Domitrovic R. 2017. Stevia and stevioside protect against cisplatin nephrotoxicity through inhibition of ERK1/2, STAT3, and NF-kappaB activation. Food Chem Toxicol, 107: 215–225.
18
Prakash I, Ma G, Bunders C, Charan R.D, Ramirez C, Devkota K.P, Snyder T.M. 2017. A Novel Diterpene glycoside with nine glucose units from stevia rebaudiana bertoni. Biomolecules, 7: 10-20.
19
Reid AE, Chauhan BF, Rabbani R, Lys J, Copstein L, Mann A, Abou-Setta AM, Fiander M, MacKay DS, McGavock J, Wicklow B, Zarychanski R, Azad MB. 2016. Early exposure to nonnutritive sweeteners and long-term metabolic health: a systematic review. Pediatrics, 137: e20153603.
20
Romo-Romo A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Brito-Cordova GX, Gomez Diaz RA, Vilchis Valentin D, Almeda-Valdes P. 2016. Effects of the non-nutritive sweeteners on glucose metabolism and appetite regulating hormones: systematic review of observational prospective studies and clinical trials. PLoS One, 11: e0161264.
21
Ruiz JCR, Ordoñez YBM, Basto AM, y Campos MRS. 2014. Antioxidant capacity of leaf extracts from two Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni varieties adapted to cultivation in Mexico. Nutr Hosp, 31: 1163–1170.
22
Sharma S, Walia S, Singh B, Kumar R. 2016. Comprehensive review on agro technologies of low-calorie natural sweetener stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni): a boon to diabetic patients. J Sci Food Agric, 96: 1867–1879.
23
Swithers SE. 2013. Artificial sweeteners produce the counterintuitive effect of inducing metabolic derangements. Trends Endocrinol Metab, 24: 431–441.
24
Talevi A. 2017. Beneficial effects of stevia rebaudiana bertoni and steviol-related compounds on health, in sweeteners: pharmacology, biotechnology, and applications. Springer International Publishing: Cham. pp.1–22.
25
Tandel, KR, 2011. Sugar substitutes: Health controversy over perceived benefits. J Pharmacol Pharmacother, 2: 236–243.
26
World Health Organization. 2006. Safety evaluation of certain contaminants in food. Prepared by the Sixty-fourth meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). FAO Food Nutr Pap, 82: 1–778.
27
Xu, D, Du W, Zhao L, Davey A.K, Wang J. 2008. The neuroprotective effects of isosteviol against focal cerebral ischemia injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Planta Med, 74: 816–821.
28
Xu D, Li Y, Wang J, Davey AK, Zhang S, Evans AM. 2007. The cardioprotective effect of isosteviol on rats with heart ischemia-reperfusion injury. Life Sci, 80: 269–274.
29
Yadav AK, Singh S, Dhyani D, Ahuja PS. 2011. A review on the improvement of stevia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni)]. Can J Plant Sci, 91: 1–27.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ethnobotanical knowledge of Astragalus spp.: The world’s largest genus of vascular plants
Objective: Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) is the largest genus of vascular plants in the world, that comprises an estimated number of 2900 annual and perennial species. The members of this genus have a broad spectrum of usages (e.g. medicine, food, fodder, fuel, ornamental plants, etc.). Here, we present a review of ethnobotanical applications of different species of Astragalus by various ethnic and cultural groupings worldwide, to provide an exhaustive database for future works. Materials and Methods: Literature survey was performed using Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and Science Direct, and English and non-English reference books dealing with useful properties of the Astragalus species from 1937 to 2018. Consequently, we reviewed a total of 76 publications that supported lucrative information about various uses of this huge genus. Results: Several ethnobotanical uses of 90 Astragalus taxa were documented which were mainly originated from Asian and European countries. The two most frequently mentioned Astragalus treatments, were against urinary and respiratory diseases. The most commonly used part was gum and the most frequently used preparation method was decoction. Conclusion: This review highlights that various Astragalus species have great traditional uses in different ethnobotanical practices throughout the world. However, there is still lack of phytochemical and pharmacological researches on many species of Astragalus and further studies are required to substantiate the therapeutic potential of them which will develop new generation of plant-derived drugs in the near future.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_14240_004f3854a3a1b6aad3037386e5aa66a5.pdf
2020-03-01
128
142
10.22038/ajp.2019.14240
Astragalus
Ethnobotany
Fabaceae
Vascular Plants
World
Mohammad Sadegh
Amiri
m.s._amiri@pnu.ac.ir
1
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Joharchi
2
Department of Botany, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohabat
Nadaf
m_nadaf@pnu.ac.ir
3
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Yasamin
Nasseh
4
Department of Botany, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali H, Qaiser M. 2009. The ethnobotany of Chitral valley, Pakistan with particular reference to medicinal plants. Pak. J Bot, 41: 2009-2041.
1
Amiri MS, Joharchi MR. 2013. Ethnobotanical investigation of traditional medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of Mashhad, Iran. Avicenna J Phytomed, 3: 254-271.
2
Amiri MS, Joharchi MR, TaghavizadehYazdi ME. 2014. Ethno-medicinal plants used to cure jaundice by traditional healers of Mashhad, Iran. Iranian J Pharm Res, 13: 157-162.
3
Amiri MS, Joharchi MR. 2016. Ethnobotanical knowledge of Apiaceae family in Iran: A review. Avicenna J Phytomed, 6: 621-635.
4
Anderson DMW. 1989. Evidence for the safety of gum tragacanth (Asiatic Astragalus spp.) and modern criteria for the evaluation of food additives. Food Addit Contam, 6: 1-12.
5
Anderson DMW, Bridgeman MME. 1985. The composition of the proteinaceous polysaccharides exuded by Astragalus microcephalus, A. Gummifer and A. Kurdicus—The sources of turkish gum tragacanth. Phytochemistry, 24: 2301-2304.
6
Anderson DMW, Grant DAD. 1988. The chemical characterization of some Astragalus gum exudates. Food Hydrocoll, 2: 417-423.
7
Arnold N, Baydoun S, Chalak L, Raus T. 2015. A contribution to the flora and ethnobotanical knowledge of Mount Hermon, Lebanon. Fl Medit, 25:13-55.
8
Asadbeigi M, Mohammadi T, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Saki K, Bahmani,M, Delfan M. 2014. Traditional effects of medicinal plants in the treatment of respiratory diseases and disorders: an ethnobotanical study in the Urmia. Asian Pac J Trop Med,7:364-368.
9
Balaghi S, Mohammadifar MA, Zargaraan A, Gavlighi HA, Mohammadi M. 2011. Compositional analysis and rheological characterization of gum tragacanth exudates from six species of Iranian Astragalus. Food Hydrocoll, 25: 1775-1784.
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Chermat S, Gharzouli R. 2015. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal flora in the North East of Algeria-An empirical knowledge in Djebel Zdimm (Setif). J Mater Sci Eng, 5: 50-9.
16
Dexter DF, Martin K, Travis L. 2014. Prehistoric Plant Use at Beaver Creek Rock Shelter, Southwestern Montana, USA. Ethnobot Res Appl, 12: 355-384.
17
Eftekharinasab N, Zarei D, Paidar S, Moghadam MJ, Kahrizi D, Khanahmadi M, Chenari P. 2012. Identification of wild medicinal plant in Dalahoo mountain and their used indigenous knowledge (Kermanshah, Iran). Ann Biol Res, 3:3234-3239.
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Egamberdieva D, Mamadalieva N, Khodjimatov O, Tiezzi A. 2013. Medicinal plants from Chatkal Biosphere Reserve used for folk medicine in Uzbekistan. Med Aromat Plant Sci Biotechnol, 7: 56-64.
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Emami SA, Nadjafi F, Amine GH, Amiri MS, Khosravi Mt, Nasseri M. 2012. Les espèces de plantes médicinales utilisées par les guérisseurs traditionnels dans la province de Khorasan, nord-est de l'Iran. J Ethnopharmacol, 48: 48-59.
20
Gavlighi HA, Meyer AS, Zaidel DN, Mohammadifar MA, Mikkelsen JD. 2013. Stabilization of emulsions by gum tragacanth (Astragalus spp.) correlates to the galacturonic acid content and methoxylation degree of the gum. Food Hydrocoll, 31: 5-14.
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Ghasemi PA, Momeni M, Bahmani M. 2013. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Kurd tribe in Dehloran and Abdanan districts, Ilam province, Iran. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med, 10: 368-385.
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Han Mİ, Bulut G. 2015. The folk-medicinal plants of Kadisehri (Yozgat-Turkey). Acta Soc Bot Pol, 84: 237-248.
28
Hanlidou E, Karousou R, Kleftoyanni V, Kokkini S. 2004. The herbal market of Thessaloniki (N Greece) and its relation to the ethnobotanical tradition. J Ethnopharmacol, 91: 281-299.
29
Hishe M, Asfaw Z. 2014. Review paper review on ethnobotanical studies on traditional medicinal plants used to treat livestock and human ailments in tigray region, Ethiopia. AJBSR, 3: 8-36.
30
Hooper D, Field H. 1937. Useful plants and drugs of Iran and Iraq. Field Museum of Natural History. Botanical Series, 9: 89-90.
31
Hurrell JA, Puentes JP. 2017. Plant species and products of the Traditional Chinese Phytotherapy in the Ciudade Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ethnobiol Conserv, 6: 1-43
32
Hussain T, Muhammad IC. 2009. A floristic description of flora and ethnobotany of Samahni Valley (AK), Pakistan. Ethnobot Leaflets, 7: 1-24.
33
Jalili A, Jamzad Z. 1999. Red Data Book of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publications, Tehran, Pp. 748.
34
Joharchi MR, Amiri MS. 2012. Taxonomic evaluation of misidentification of crude herbal drugs marketed in Iran. Avicenna J Phytomed, 2: 105-112.
35
Kargıoğlu M, Cenkci S, Serteser A, Evliyaoğlu N, Konuk M, Kök MŞ, Bağcı Y. 2008. An ethnobotanical survey of inner-West Anatolia, Turkey. Hum Ecol, 36: 763-777.
36
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77
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pomegranate peel extract inhibits internalization and replication of the influenza virus: An in vitro study
Objective: Influenza virus, which is associated with high level of morbidity and mortality, has been recently considered a public health concern; however, the methods of choice to control and treat it are limited. Our previous study showed anti-influenza virus activity of pomegranate peel extract (PPE). In this study, the mechanism through which PPE acts against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1; PR8) was investigated. Materials and Methods:Ethyl alcohol extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel was prepared, and the action mechanism of PPE in inhibiting influenza replication was studied by time-of-drug-addition assay, virucidal activity, RNA replication, hemagglutination inhibition assay, viral mRNA expression, and western blot analysis. Results: PPE inhibited viral polymerase activity, viral RNA replication, and viral protein expression but could not affect hemagglutination inhibition and virucidal activity. According to time-of-drug-addition assay results, PPE inhibited the virus adsorption and early steps of influenza replication. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the antiviral effect of PPE on influenza virus is most probably associated with inhibition of viral adsorption and viral RNA transcription.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13855_24ca5f382bc925bbb50d99333834ece6.pdf
2020-03-01
143
151
10.22038/ajp.2019.13855
Anti-influenza virus
Pomegranate
Punica granatum L
Mechanisms
Mohammad-Taghi
Moradi
mtmoradi65@gmail.com
1
Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Karimi
kakarimi42@gmail.com
2
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Rafieian-kopaei
rafieian@yahoo.com
3
Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Rabiei-Faradonbeh
mohammad.rabiei@adelaide.edu.au
4
Department of Pathobiology, Infectious Disease and Public Health, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
AUTHOR
Hassan
Momtaz
hamomtaz@yahoo.com
5
Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University.
AUTHOR
Abdal Dayem A, Choi HY, Kim YB, Cho SG. 2015. Antiviral effect of methylated flavonol isorhamnetin against influenza. PLoS One, 10: e0121610.
1
Asmaa MJ, Ali AJ, Farid JM, Azman S. 2015. Growth inhibitory effects of crude pomegranate peel extract on chronic myeloid leukemia, K562 cells. J Appl Basic Med Res, 5: 100-105.
2
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018. Influenza antiviral medications: summary for clinicians. Available on: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/antivirals/summary-clinicians.htm (Accessed on December 10, 2018).
3
Colombo E, Sangiovanni E, Dell'agli M. 2013. A review on the anti-inflammatory activity of pomegranate in the gastrointestinal tract. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013: 247145.
4
Dapat C, Kondo H, Dapat IC, Baranovich T, Suzuki Y, Shobugawa Y, Saito K, Saito R, Suzuki H. 2013. Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility profile of pandemic and seasonal influenza viruses during the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 influenza seasons in Japan. Antiviral Res, 99: 261-269.
5
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8
Haidari M, Ali M, Ward Casscells S, Madjid M. 2009. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) purified polyphenol extract inhibits influenza virus and has a synergistic effect with oseltamivir. Phytomedicine, 16: 1127-1136.
9
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17
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20
Moradi MT, Karimi A, Lorigooini Z, Pourgheysar B, Alidadi S, Hashemi L. 2017. In vitro anti influenza virus activity, antioxidant potential and total phenolic content of twelve Iranian medicinal plants. Marmara Pharm J, 21: 843-851.
21
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Utilization of a chicken embryo membrane model for evaluation of embryonic vascular toxicity of Dorema ammoniacum
Objective: Extensive research has been done to assess the efficacy of herbs for treating different disorders. Dorema ammoniacum (D. ammoniacum) is used in folk medicines for various goals. The application of herbs in medicine is accompanied by harmful effects. Chick embryo is considered a suitable model for assessing drugs toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in vasculature in chick’s extra-embryonic membrane following D. ammoniacum treatment. Alterations in molecular pathways associated with early embryonic angiogenesis such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) were also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Fertile chicken (Ross 308) eggs were allocated into three similar groups; sham, control and D. ammoniacum groups; in D. ammoniacum group, eggs were inoculated with plant’s extract at doses of 50 or 100 mg per kg egg-weight. Results: Analysis of the extra-embryonic membrane vasculature revealed that D. ammoniacum extract decreases some vascular parameters such as vessels area, total vessels length, vascular branch and increases lacunarity. This herb’s vascular toxicity was in a dose-dependent manner. Down-regulation of the expression of VEGF-A was also seen in the extract-treated extra-embryonic membrane. Conclusion: Vascular toxicity of D. ammoniacum was confirmed by data presented in this paper. We conclude that alteration of vascular parameters and gene expression might finally lead to embryo malformation due to D. ammoniacum consumption. Therefore, the use of this herb must be limited during the fetal growth period especially at doses higher than 50 mg per kg.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13865_9b96cd82b9e05680f5cedde43dabd2e4.pdf
2020-03-01
152
160
10.22038/ajp.2019.13865
Dorema ammoniacum
Embryo
fetus
Pathology
Angiogenesis
VEGF-A
Hadi
Tavakkoli
tavakkoli_vet@hotmail.com
1
Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Amin
Derakhshanfar
cbrc@sums.ac.ir
2
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Javad
Moayedi
javad.moayedi88@gmail.com
3
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Poostforoosh Fard
alipo58@gmail.com
4
Executive Secretary of Medical Ethics Committee, Vice-Chancellery of Research and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Amiri MS, Joharchi MR. 2013. Ethnobotanical investigation of traditional medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of Mashhad, Iran. Avicenna J Phytomed, 3: 254-271.
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3
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4
Borba FK, Felix GL, Costa EV, Silva L, Dias PF, Albuquerque R. 2016. Fractal analysis of extra-embryonic vessels of chick embryos under the effect of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates. Microvasc Res, 105: 114-118.
5
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41
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Silymarin inhibits Toll-like receptor 8 gene expression and apoptosis in Ramos cancer cell line
Objective: Silymarin is a herbal extract containing flavonolignans, and it has inhibitory effects against the growth of different cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis. Toll-like receptors are suggested as a novel and attractive target to treat cancer. The current study aimed at examining the mechanism of silymarin-induced apoptosis in Ramos cells and investigating its effects on TLR8 expression. Materials and Methods: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of silymarin in Ramos cells was determined via MTT viability test while the type of cell death was tested by annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining method. The activity of caspase-3 and expression of TLR8 were measured in a time-dependent manner (in IC50) by colorimetric assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Results: The results of MTT showed that IC50 of silymarin in Ramos cells was 100 μg/ml after 48 hr treatment (p<0.01). Flow cytometry by annexin V/PI, showed that silymarin induced early/late apoptosis in this cell line (p Conclusion: The results indicated a new mechanism in the anticancer activity ofToll-like receptor (TLR) signaling after silymarin treatment in Ramos cancer cell line. This plant could be used to develop anticancer agents inhibiting TLRs.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13681_a72f63212f48d50e9d89e8c71cc24b7b.pdf
2020-03-01
161
169
10.22038/ajp.2019.13681
Toll-Like Receptor
TLR8
Gene expression
Silymarin
Apoptosis
Ramos cells
Nasrin
Ranjbar
ranjbar2014@yahoo.com
1
Student Scientific Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ramin
Saravani
saravaniramin@yahoo.com
2
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zohreh
Faezizadeh
faezizadeh@gmail.com
3
Department of Laboratory Sciences, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
AUTHOR
Agarwal R, Agarwal C, Ichikawa H, Singh RP, Aggarwal BB. 2006. Anticancer potential of silymarin: from bench to bed side. Anticancer Res, 26: 4457-4498.
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38
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39
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40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The efficacy of camel milk and Tarangabin (manna of Alhagi maurorum( combination therapy on glomerular filtration rate in patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial
Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of camel milk and Tarangabin (manna of Alhagi maurorum) combination therapy in addition to conventional treatments in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Material and Methods: Forty-four patients of 15 to 70 years old, with CKD due to hypertension or diabetes, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 15–60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, were enrolled in this trial. The patients were randomized to receive either 400 cc of camel milk with 10 cc of Tarangabin syrup orally in two divided daily doses for 3 months plusconventional therapy or conventional therapy alone. The conventional treatment included diabetes medications and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Results: The baseline characteristics of patients were similar in the two groups. Serum levels of creatinine (p=0.01), blood levels of urea nitrogen (p=0.0001), triglyceride (p=0.02), and potassium (p=0.05), and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0001) decreased, while eGFR (p=0.001) improved in intervention group significantly. Conclusion: It seems that the therapeutic protocol used in this study can improve renal function in patients with CKD through regulating glucose and anti-inflammatory, laxative, and immunostimulatory properties.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13468_d9afe57e62bd1adef0144a98818310e9.pdf
2020-03-01
170
180
10.22038/ajp.2019.13468
Camel milk
Tarangabin (Manna of Alhagi. maurorum)
Traditional Persian Medicine
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Randomized controlled trial
Seyed Mousa Alreza
Hosseini
hoseinimr@mums.ac.ir
1
Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Anushiravani
anushiravanim@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Javad
Mojahedi
mojahedimj@mums.ac.ir
3
Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Hami
hamim@mums.ac.ir
4
Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeid
Zibaee
s.zibaee@mrazi.ac.ir
5
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Hasan
Rakhshandeh
rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir
6
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Taghipour
taghipoura@mums.ac.ir
7
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zahra
Nikakhtar
nikakhtarz1@mums.ac.ir
8
Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hamid
Eshraghi
eshraghih@mums.ac.ir
9
Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir Parviz
Tavassoli
tavassolyap1@mums.ac.ir
10
Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdalla K. 2014. An overview of the therapeutic effects of camel milk in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Biomol Res Therap, 3: 118-124.
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3
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5
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Ashraf H, Heidari R, Nejati V, Ilkhanipoor M. 2013. Aqueous extract of Berberis integerrima root improves renal dysfunction in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Avicenna J Phytomed, 3: 82-90
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Azam Khan M. 2008. Exire-Azam. pp. 418-419. Tehran, Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine.
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Ejtahed HS, Naslaji AN, Mirmiran P, Yeganeh MZ, Hedayati M, Azizi F, Movahedi AM. 2015. Effect of camel milk on blood sugar and lipid profile of patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot clinical trial. Int J Endocrinol Metab, 13: e21160.
14
El-Sayed M, Al-Shoeibi Z, El-Ghany AA, Atef Z. 2011. Effects of camels milk as a vehicle for insulin on glycaemic control and lipid profile in Type 1 diabetics. Am J Biochem Biotechnol, 7: 179-189.
15
Goldman L, Schafer AI. 2016. Goldman's Cecil Medicine. pp. 834-835. Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier.
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Hamad E, Abdel-Rahim E, Romeih E. 2011. Beneficial effect of camel milk on liver and kidneys function in diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. Int J Dairy Sci, 6: 190-197.
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Hamedi A, Farjadian Sh, Karami MR. 2015. Immunomodulatory properties of Taranjebin (Camel’s Thorn) manna and its isolated carbohydrate macromolecules. JEvid Based Complementary Altern Med, 20: 269-274.
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Hill NR, Fatoba ST, Oke JL, Hirst, JA, O’Callaghan CA, Lasserson DS, Hobbs FR. 2016. Global prevalence of chronic kidney disease–a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 11: e0158765.
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Khan AA, Alzohairy MA, Mohieldein AH. 2013. Antidiabetic effects of camel milk in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Am J Biochem Mol Biol, 3: 151-158.
24
Korish A. 2014. The antidiabetic action of camel milk in experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus: an overview on the changes in incretin hormones, insulin resistance, and inflammatory cytokines. Horm Metab Res, 46: 404-411.
25
Korish AA, Gader AGA, Korashy HM, Al-Drees AM, Alhaider AA, Arafah MM. 2015. Camel milk attenuates the biochemical and morphological features of diabetic nephropathy: inhibition of Smad1 and collagen type IV synthesis. Chem Biol Interact, 229: 100-108.
26
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32
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33
Mirmiran P, Niasari Naslaji A, Moosavi Movahedi A, Eslami F, Azizi F. 2017. Effect of camel milk on glycemic control and lipid profiles of diabetic patients. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 19: 223-233.
34
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35
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36
Quigley E. 2011. The enteric microbiota in the pathogenesis and management of constipation. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, 25: 119-126.
37
Ramezany F, Kiyani N, Khademizadeh M. 2013. Persian manna in the past and the present: an overview. Am J Pharmacol Sci, 1: 35-37.
38
Razi MZ. 1971. Al-Hawi fi al-Tibbe (Comprehensive Book of Medicine). pp. 67. Hyderabad, Osmania Oriental Publications Bureau, Osmania University.
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Salami M, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Moosavi-Movahedi F, Ehsani MR, Yousefi R, Farhadi M, Niasari-Naslaji A, Saboury AA, Chobert JM, Haertlé T. 2011. Biological activity of camel milk casein following enzymatic digestion. J Dairy Res,78: 471-478.
40
Shori AB. 2015. Camel milk as a potential therapy for controlling diabetes and its complications: A review of in vivo studies. J Food Drug Anal,23: 609-618.
41
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42
Stahl T, Sallmann H-P, Duehlmeier R, Wernery U. 2006. Selected vitamins and fatty acid patterns in dromedary milk and colostrum. J Camel Pract Res, 13: 53-57.
43
Sumida K, Molnar MZ, Potukuchi PK, Thomas F, Lu JL, Matsushita K, Yamagata K, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP. 2017. Constipation and incident CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol (ASN), 28: 1248-1258.
44
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Nigella sativa oil extracts on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in Behcet’s disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Objective: Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, uveitis and skin lesions. Oxidative stress and inflammation have important role in the pathogenesis of BD. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Nigella sativa (NS) oil administration on malondialdehyde (MDA), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs- CRP) levels in patients with BD. Materials and Methods: In this randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial, 96 BD patients were randomly assigned to NS or placebo groups. Study groups received 1000 mg/day NS oil and placebo soft gels for 8 weeks. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-10, hs-CRP, MDA and TAC were measured before and after treatment. Results: Eighty-nine individuals completed the study. Significant decreases in the serum levels of MDA and increases in the serum levels of TAC were found in the NS group. However, differences in the changes of MDA and TAC in the NS and placebo groups were not significant. Pre- and post-intervention changes of TNF-α, IL-10 and hs-CRP levels in the NS group were non-significant. Conclusion: NS 1000 mg per day is probably not effective in reducing the inflammatory and oxidative markers in BD.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_14160_0ec011d6f397f70faedb63efa045ee82.pdf
2020-03-01
181
189
10.22038/ajp.2019.14160
Nigella Sativa
Behcet’s disease
IL-10
TNF-α
Oxidative stress
Shahrzad
Amizadeh
malek@gmail.com
1
Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Nadereh
Rashtchizadeh
fgfd@gmail.com
2
Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Alireza
Khabbazi
dr_khabbazi@yahoo.com
3
Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amir
Ghorbanihaghjo
kazi@yhoo.com
4
Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali-Asghar
Ebrahimi
bazi@yahoo.com
5
Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir-Mansour
Vatankhahc
abbazi@yahoo.com
6
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Aida
Malek Mahdavi
aidamalek@gmail.com
7
Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Taghizadeh
jkkzi@yahoo.com
8
Barij Essence Medicinal Plants Research Center, Kashan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmed MA, Hassanein KM. 2013. Cardio protective effects of Nigella sativa oil on lead induced cardio toxicity: Anti inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism. J Physiol Pathophysiol, 4: 72-80.
1
Alipour S, Nouri M, Sakhinia E, Samadi N, Roshanravan N, Ghavami A, Khabbazi, A. 2017. Epigenetic alterations in chronic disease focusing on Behcet’s disease: Review. Biomed Pharmacother, 91: 526-533.
2
Bilici M, Efe H, Köroğlu MA, Uydu HA, Bekaroğlu M, Değer O. 2001. Antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in major depression: alterations by antidepressant treatments. J Affect Disord, 64: 43-51.
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4
Davatchi F, Chams-Davatchi C, Shams H, Shahram F, Nadji A, Akhlaghi M, Faezi T, Ghodsi Z, Sadeghi Abdollahi B, Ashofteh F, Mohtasham N, Kavosi H, Masoumi M. 2017. Behcet's disease: epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol, 13: 57-65.
5
Davatchi F, Assaad-Khalil S, Calamia KT, Crook JE, Sadeghi-Abdollahi B, Schirmer M, Tzellos T, Zouboulis CC, Akhlagi M, Al-Dalaan A, Alekberova ZS, Ali AA, Altenburg A, Arromdee E, Baltaci M, Bastos M, Benamour S, Ghorbel I, Boyvat A, Carvalho L, Chen W, Ben-Chetrit E, Chams-Davatchi C, Correia J, Crespo J, Dias C, Dong Y, Paixao Duarte F, Elmuntaser K, Elonakov AV, Grana Gil J, Haghdoost AA, Hayani RM, Houman H, Isayeva AR, Jamshidi AR, Kaklamanis P, Kumar A, Kyrgidis A, Madanat W, Nadji A, Namba K, Ohno S, Olivieri I, Vaz Patto J, Pipitone N, de Queiroz MV, Ramos F, Resende C, Rosa CM, Salvarani C, Serra MJ, Shahram F, Shams H, Sharquie KE, Sliti-Khanfir M, Tribolet de Abreu T, Vasconcelos C, Vedes J, Wechsler B, Cheng YK, Zhang Z, Ziaei N. 2014. The International Criteria for Behcet’s Disease (ITR-ICBD). The International Criteria for Behcet’s Disease (ICBD): a collaborative study of 27 countries on the sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 28: 338-347.
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37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Methanol extract and fraction of Anchomanes difformis root tuber modulate liver mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening in rats
Objective: Extracts of Anchomanes difformis (AD) are used in folkloric medicine to treat several diseases and infections. However, their roles in mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening are not known. Material and Methods: The viability of mitochondria isolated from Wistar rat liver used in this experiment, was assessed by monitoring their swelling amplitude in the absence of calcium and reversal of calcium-induced pore opening by spermine. The effects of methanol extract and fraction of A. difformis (MEAD and MFAD, respectively) on Mitochondrial Membrane Permeability Transition (MMPT) pore opening, ATPase activity, cytochrome c release and ferrous-induced lipid peroxidation were assessed spectrophotometrically. Phytochemical constituents of MEAD and MFAD were assessed using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The MEAD (10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/ ml) had no effect on MMPT pore opening in the absence of Ca2+, whereas MFAD at 80 μg/ml had a large amplitude pore opening effect. Both MEAD and MFAD reversed Ca2+-induced swelling with inhibition values of 18, 21, 24, 23% (for MEAD) and 41, 36, 35, and 26% (for MFAD) at 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/ml, respectively. MFAD significantly enhanced F1F0 ATPase activity and caused cytochrome c release. Both MEAD and MFAD significantly inhibited ferrous-induced lipid peroxidation by 33.0, 64.0, 66, and 75% (for MEAD) and 24, 25, 30, and 45% (for MFAD), respectively. The GC-MS results revealed the presence of squalene as one of the major constituents of MEAD. Conclusion: These findings suggest that MFAD can be used to induce cell death via mitochondrial permeability transition in isolated rat liver. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation by MEAD and MFAD showed that the pore opening effect of the extract and fraction was not mediated via peroxidation of mitochondrial membrane lipids.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13680_c53ea3238891de46f78141ad0dad8ef1.pdf
2020-03-01
190
201
10.22038/ajp.2019.13680
Anchomanes difformis
Phytoconstituents Mitochondrial ATPase
Lipid Peroxidation
Cytochrome c
Mitochondrial permeability
Transition pore opening
Oludele
Olanlokun
jodel72000@yahoo.com
1
Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University o Ibadan, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kemi
Oloke
kemimalik@gmail.com
2
Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
AUTHOR
Olufunso
Olorunsogo
funsoolorunsogo@yahoo.com
3
Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Adnan SNA, Ibrahim N, Yaacob WA. 2017. Disruption of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus protein synthesis by tannins. GERMS, 7: 186-192.
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2
Ankur R, Arti M, Seema R, Amarjeet D, Ashok K. 2012. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore: another review. Int Res J Pharm, 3: 106-108.
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Neuroprotective effects of Tiliacora triandra leaf extract in a mice model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion
Objective: The present study investigated possible neuroprotective effects of ethanolic extract of Tiliacora triandra leaf against cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury in mice. Materials and Methods: Forty male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly divided into five groups: (1) Sham + 10% Tween 80, (2) bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) + 10% Tween 80, (3) BCCAO + T. triandra 300 mg/kg, (4) BCCAO + T. triandra 600 mg/kg and (5) BCCAO + quercetin 10 mg/kg. Cerebral ischemic-reperfusion (IR) was induced by 30 min of BCCAO followed by 45 min of reperfusion. After IR induction, total brain protein, calcium, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as brain infraction and histopathological changes in vulnerable brain areas, such as the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, were evaluated. Results: The results showed that 2 weeks of pretreatment with T. triandra leaf extract at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg significantly reduced calcium and MDA, but increased GSH and SOD and CAT activities. The extract significantly attenuated brain infarction and neuronal death in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Conclusion: We demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of T. triandra leaf extract against cerebral IR injury in mice.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_13877_961f2267d1c8a7904954dfd139da24f8.pdf
2020-03-01
202
212
10.22038/ajp.2019.13877
Tiliacora triandra
Ischemic-reperfusion injury
Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion
Cerebral cortex
Hippocampus
Lipid Peroxidation
Wachiryah
Thong-asa
fsciwyth@ku.ac.th
1
Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit (ATPSRU), Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vasakorn
Bullangpoti
fscivkb@ku.ac.th
2
Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit (ATPSRU), Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
AUTHOR
Beckman JS. 1991. The double-edged role of nitric oxide in brain function and superoxide-mediated injury. J Dev Physiol, 15: 53-59.
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