ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The neuroprotective effect of BSA-based nanocurcumin against 6-OHDA-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells
Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is regarded as the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting elderly population. There is a tendency toward finding natural cures to suppress the initiation and progression of this disease. Some epidemiological studies indicated lower incidence of PD in populations that consume curry. Curcumin, as the main ingredient of turmeric, has been supposed to have a protective role against PD progression. However, low bioavailability of curcumin is still a challenge in evaluation of the therapeutic potential of this substance. In this study, we aimed to produce a BSA-based nanocurcumin to assess its effect on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced death and Akt signaling disruption in SH-SY5Y cells. Materials and Methods: BSA-based nanocurcumin was produced using desolvation method. Human neuroblastoma cells were treated with OHDA with/without different doses of nanocurcumin and MTT test was used to assess their viability besides observing cells morphological changes. The protective doses of nanocurcumine were chosen according to MTT results and western blot studies were done to assess p-Akt/t-Akt ratio. Results: 6-OHDA exposure led to decreased cell viability, while nanocurcumin at doses of 400 and 500 nM prevented cell death. Moreover, this nanoformulation of curcumin restored p-Akt/t-Akt decrement induced by 6-OHDA. The protective effect of BSA-based nanocurcumin was estimated to be at least 4 time higher than that of natural curcumin according to the MTT results. Conclusion: It seems that BSA-based nanocurcumin can be regarded as a potent substitute for natural curcumin in protecting SH-SY5Y cell as a cellular model of PD.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11592_638431658cbbbac36b267c47d89af1b7.pdf
2019-03-01
92
100
10.22038/ajp.2018.11592
6-OHDA
SH-SY5Y
Nanocurcumin
Akt
Parkinson’s disease
Roksana
Sookhaklari
roxana.sookhak@yahoo.com
1
Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Bita
Geramizadeh
mmoosavi_2000@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pathology, Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Morteza
Abkar
mortezaabkar@gmail.com
3
Nanobiology and Nanomedicine Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Moosavi
marmoosavi@sums.ac.ir
4
Nanobiology and Nanomedicine Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amiri E, Ghasemi R, Moosavi M. 2016. Agmatine Protects Against 6-OHDA-Induced Apoptosis, and ERK and Akt/GSK Disruption in SH-SY5Y Cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 36:829-838.
1
Aniesrani Delfiya DS, Thangavel K, Amirtham D. 2016. Preparation of Curcumin Loaded Egg Albumin Nanoparticles Using Acetone and Optimization of Desolvation Process. Protein J, 35:124-135.
2
Blesa J, Przedborski S. 2014. Parkinson's disease: animal models and dopaminergic cell vulnerability. Front Neuroanat, 8:155.
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Blum D, Torch S, Nissou MF, Benabid AL, Verna JM. 2000. Extracellular toxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine on PC12 cells. Neurosci Lett, 283:193-196.
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Bove J, Prou D, Perier C, Przedborski S. 2005. Toxin-induced models of Parkinson's disease. NeuroRx, 2:484-494.
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Cai Z, Zeng W, Tao K, Lu F, Gao G, Yang Q. 2015. Myricitrin alleviates MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in a DJ-1-dependent manner in SN4741 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 458:227-233.
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Chen G, Bower KA, Ma C, Fang S, Thiele CJ, Luo J. 2004. Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) mediates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal death. FASEB J, 18:1162-1164.
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Cheng KK, Yeung CF, Ho SW, Chow SF, Chow AH, Baum L. 2013. Highly stabilized curcumin nanoparticles tested in an in vitro blood-brain barrier model and in Alzheimer's disease Tg2576 mice. Aaps J, 15:324-336.
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Cheung YT, Lau WK, Yu MS, Lai CS, Yeung SC, So KF, Chang RC. 2009. Effects of all-trans-retinoic acid on human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma as in vitro model in neurotoxicity research. Neurotoxicology, 30:127-135.
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Driver JA, Logroscino G, Gaziano JM, Kurth T. 2009. Incidence and remaining lifetime risk of Parkinson disease in advanced age. Neurology, 72:432-438.
11
Franke TF, Cantley LC. 1997. Apoptosis. A Bad kinase makes good. Nature, 390:116-117.
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Ghasemi R, Moosavi M, Zarifkar A, Rastegar K, Maghsoudi N. 2015. The Interplay of Akt and ERK in Abeta Toxicity and Insulin-Mediated Protection in Primary Hippocampal Cell Culture. J Mol Neurosci, 57:325-334.
13
Greene LA, Levy O, Malagelada C. 2011. Akt as a victim, villain and potential hero in Parkinson's disease pathophysiology and treatment. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 31:969-978.
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Gu M, Cooper JM, Taanman JW, Schapira AH. 1998. Mitochondrial DNA transmission of the mitochondrial defect in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol, 44:177-186
15
Hwang O. 2013. Role of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurobiol, 22:11-17.
16
Jaroonwitchawan T, Chaicharoenaudomrung N, Namkaew J, Noisa P. 2017. Curcumin attenuates paraquat-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma cells through modulating oxidative stress and autophagy. Neurosci Lett, 636:40-47.
17
Jithan AV, Madhavi K, Madhavi M, Prabhakar K. 2011. Preparation and characterization of albumin nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin intended for the treatment of breast cancer. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 1:119-125.
18
Khopde SM, Priyadarsini KI, Guha SN, Satav JG, Venkatesan P, Rao MN. 2000. Inhibition of radiation-induced lipid peroxidation by tetrahydrocurcumin: possible mechanisms by pulse radiolysis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 64:503-509
19
Li L, Braiteh FS, Kurzrock R. 2005. Liposome-encapsulated curcumin: in vitro and in vivo effects on proliferation, apoptosis, signaling, and angiogenesis. Cancer, 104:1322-1331.
20
Ljungdahl A, Hokfelt T, Jonsson G, Sachs C. 1971. Autoradiographic demonstration of uptake and accumulation of 3H-6-hydroxydopamine in adrenergic nerves. Experientia, 27:297-299.
21
Mourtas S, Lazar AN, Markoutsa E, Duyckaerts C, Antimisiaris SG. 2014. Multifunctional nanoliposomes with curcumin-lipid derivative and brain targeting functionality with potential applications for Alzheimer disease. Eur J Med Chem, 80:175-183.
22
Nair P, Malhotra A, Dhawan DK. 2015. Curcumin and quercetin trigger apoptosis during benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung carcinogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem, 400:51-56.
23
Nazari QA, Takada-Takatori Y, Hashimoto T, Imaizumi A, Izumi Y, Akaike A, Kume T. 2014. Potential protective effect of highly bioavailable curcumin on an oxidative stress model induced by microinjection of sodium nitroprusside in mice brain. Food Funct, 5:984-989.
24
Nogueira V, Park Y, Chen CC, Xu PZ, Chen ML, Tonic I, Unterman T, Hay N. 2008. Akt determines replicative senescence and oxidative or oncogenic premature senescence and sensitizes cells to oxidative apoptosis. Cancer cell, 14:458-470.
25
Pan MH, Huang TM, Lin JK. 1999. Biotransformation of curcumin through reduction and glucuronidation in mice. Drug Metab Dispos, 27:486-494.
26
Prasad S, Gupta SC, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB. 2014. Curcumin, a component of golden spice: from bedside to bench and back. Biotechnol Adv, 32:1053-1064.
27
Rein MJ, Renouf M, Cruz-Hernandez C, Actis-Goretta L, Thakkar SK, da Silva Pinto M. 2013. Bioavailability of bioactive food compounds: a challenging journey to bioefficacy. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 75:588-602.
28
Scheepens A, Tan K, Paxton JW. 2010. Improving the oral bioavailability of beneficial polyphenols through designed synergies. Genes Nutr, 5:75-87.
29
Schule B, Pera RA, Langston JW. 2009. Can cellular models revolutionize drug discovery in Parkinson's disease? Biochim Biophys Acta, 1792:1043-1051.
30
Shin KS, Choi HS, Zhao TT, Suh KH, Kwon IH, Choi SO, Lee MK. 2013. Neurotoxic effects of berberine on long-term L-DOPA administration in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease. Arch Pharm Res, 36:759-767.
31
Siddique YH, Naz F, Jyoti S. 2014. Effect of curcumin on lifespan, activity pattern, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the brains of transgenic Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. Biomed Res Int, 2014:606928.
32
Song JX, Shaw PC, Wong NS, Sze CW, Yao XS, Tang CW, Tong Y, Zhang YB. 2012. Chrysotoxine, a novel bibenzyl compound selectively antagonizes MPP(+), but not rotenone, neurotoxicity in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. Neurosci Lett, 521:76-81.
33
Takahashi M, Uechi S, Takara K, Asikin Y, Wada K. 2009. Evaluation of an oral carrier system in rats: bioavailability and antioxidant properties of liposome-encapsulated curcumin. J Agric Food Chem, 57:9141-9146.
34
Tsai YM, Chien CF, Lin LC, Tsai TH. 2011a. Curcumin and its nano-formulation: the kinetics of tissue distribution and blood-brain barrier penetration. Int J Pharm, 416:331-338.
35
Tsai YM, Jan WC, Chien CF, Lee WC, Lin LC, Tsai TH. 2011b. Optimised nano-formulation on the bioavailability of hydrophobic polyphenol, curcumin, in freely-moving rats. Food Chem, 127:918-925.
36
Vandita K, Shashi B, Santosh KG, Pal KI. 2012. Enhanced apoptotic effect of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Mol Pharm, 9:3411-3421.
37
Young NA, Bruss MS, Gardner M, Willis WL, Mo X, Valiente GR, Cao Y, Liu Z, Jarjour WN, Wu LC. 2014. Oral administration of nano-emulsion curcumin in mice suppresses inflammatory-induced NFkappaB signaling and macrophage migration. PloS one, 9:e111559.
38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Treatment of liver and spleen illnesses by herbs: Recommendations of Avicenna’s heritage "Canon of Medicine"
Objective: Avicenna (Abu Ali al-Hossein ibn Abdullah ibn Sina) who had a special attention toward diseases treatments, gathered results of ages of herbal medicine experiments on humans and animals in his book “Al-Qānūn fī Ṭibb” or "The Canon of Medicine", which is a reliable book in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of this research was to build a reliable list of plants effective against liver and spleen diseases, based on Avicenna's book (volume 2). Materials and Methods: By studying the monographs, introduced agents that have been effective in liver and spleen diseases were identified. Upon their origin and effectiveness in diseases of the liver, spleen or both, treatments were organized. Results: From a huge number of drugs, 163 plants from 73 families were found to be effective in treatment of liver and spleen illnesses. In addition, 30 non-herbal agents effective in treatment of liver diseases were detected. The Lamiaceae family have the most effective herbs for treatment of diseases of the liver, spleen or both. Hemp Agrimony, Irsā, and Fūdhanj achieved the highest scores. Conclusion: The effects of different plants on liver and spleen diseases were indicated in Avicenna's book. Due to the report on the above book, further studies needed specially on the effect of Irsā (Iris ensata) and family Lamiaceae on liver and spleen diseases.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11613_0d6fb0634eaac7385b688a840809309d.pdf
2019-03-01
101
116
10.22038/ajp.2018.11613
Herbal Medicine
Liver
Materia medica
Spleen
Mozhgan
Ghobadi Pour
m_ghobadipour90@basu.ac.ir
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu- Ali Sina University, Shahid Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan Boulevard, Hamedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Naser
Mirazi
mirazi@basu.ac.ir
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu- Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Asghar
Seif
erfan.seif@gmail.com
3
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu- Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Akbarzadeh T, Sabourian R, Saeedi M, Rezaeizadeh H, Khanavi M, Ardekani MRS. 2015. Liver tonics: review of plants used in Iranian traditional medicine. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 5: 170-181.
1
Akdogan M, Ozguner M, Aydin G, Gokalp O. 2004. Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita Labiatae and Mentha spicata Labiatae on liver tissue in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol, 23: 21-28.
2
Amat N, Upur H, Blazekovic B. 2010. In vivo hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium L. against chemically and immunologically induced liver injuries in mice. J Ethnopharmacol, 131: 478-484.
3
Douros A, Bronder E, Andersohn F, Klimpel A, Kreutz R, Garbe E, Bolbrinker J. 2016. Herb-Induced Liver Injury in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study. Int J Mol Sci, 17.
4
Edgar J, Lin H, Kumana C, Ng M. 1992. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid composition of three Chinese medicinal herbs, Eupatorium cannabinum, E. japonicum and Crotalaria assamica. Am J Chin Med, 20: 281-288.
5
Galdston I. 1995. Avicenna and Islamic science. New York Academy of Medicine.
6
Ghahreman A, Okhovvat AR. 2004. Matching the old medicinal plant names with scientific terminology. In, Tehran, University of Tehran Press.
7
Gilani AH, Janbaz KH. 1995. Preventive and curative effects of Artemisia absinthium on acetaminophen and CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. Gen Pharmacol, 26: 309-315.
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Hall JE. 2015. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. In: 13th ed, Elsevier Health Sciences.
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Hendriks H, Balraadjsing W, Huizing H, Bruins A. 1987. Investigation into the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Eupatorium cannabinum by means of positive and negative ion chemical ionization GC-MS. Planta med, 53: 456-461.
10
Hong M, Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, Tsao S-W, Feng Y. 2015. Current status of herbal medicines in chronic liver disease therapy: the biological effects, molecular targets and future prospects. Int J Mol Sci, 16: 28705-28745.
11
Ibn Sina A. 2005. The Canon of medicine. In, Beirut, Alaalamy Foundation Publications.
12
Judzentiene A, Garjonyte R, Budiene J. 2016. Variability, toxicity, and antioxidant activity of Eupatorium cannabinum (hemp agrimony) essential oils. Pharm Biol, 54: 945-953.
13
Kharoubi O, Slimani M, Aoues A, Seddik L. 2008. Prophylactic effects of Wormwood on lipid peroxidation in an animal model of lead intoxication. Indian J Nephrol, 18: 51-57.
14
Kumar A, Susmitha K, Swathy B, Ramu E, Venkatesh B. 2014. A review on liver disorders and screening models of hepatoprotective agents. Int J Allied Med Sci Clin Res, 2: 136-150.
15
Lexa A, Fleurentin J, Lehr PR, Mortier F, Pruvost M, Pelt J-M. 1989. Choleretic and hepatoprotective properties of Eupatorium cannabinum in the rat. Planta med, 55: 127-132.
16
Posadzki P, Watson LK, Ernst E. 2013. Adverse effects of herbal medicines: an overview of systematic reviews. Clin Med, 13: 7-12.
17
Qayumi AK. 1998. Avicenna: a bright star from the east. J Invest Surg, 11: 243-244.
18
Samarth RM, Panwar M, Kumar M, Kumar A. 2006. RETRACTED: Radioprotective influence of Mentha piperita (Linn) against gamma irradiation in mice: Antioxidant and radical scavenging activity. Int J Radiat Biol, 82: 331-337.
19
Saxena M, Shukla S. 2012. Reversal of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury by aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol, 31: 325-334.
20
Sharma A, Sharma MK, Kumar M. 2007. Protective Effect of Mentha piperita against Arsenic‐Induced Toxicity in Liver of Swiss Albino Mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol, 100: 249-257.
21
Sina I. 2010. The canon of medicine. In, Tehran, Tehran.
22
Sīnā I. 1998. Kitāb al-Qānūn fī al-Tibb (Canon of Medicine). In, New Delhi, India, NSEtSPS, Jamia Hamdard Printing Press.
23
Tobyn G, Denham A, Whitelegg M. 2016. The Western herbal tradition: 2000 years of medicinal plant knowledge. In, London, UK, Singing Dragon.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of ethanol extract of Cassia fistula fruit in male rats
Objective: The plantCassia fistula L. (Caesalpiniaceae) is traditionally used to treat heart diseases, abdominal pain and fever. The present study was aimed to investigate the toxic effects acute and sub-acute administration of ethanol extract of C. fistula fruit (CFE) in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In acute toxicity, the effects of a single oral dose (1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/kg) of CFE have been determined. Animal behaviour and mortality were determined for up to 14 days. In sub-acute study, the effects of CFE in daily single oral administration at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg during 28 days were determined. The blood haematological and biochemical parameters, as well as the histopathological examination of the liver, heart and kidneys were studied. Results: In acute study, a single administration of the CFE up to a dose of 5000 mg/kg did not induce mortality. Thus, the LD50 of the CFE has been estimated higher than 5000 mg/kg. In sub-acute toxicity study, administration of CFE at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg to rats did not induce mortality. No significant differences were found in relative organ weight, and haematological and biochemical analyses in treated groups compared to control group. No noticeable histological changes were observed in organs of CFE-treated rats compared to controls. Conclusion: These results have shown that oral administration of C. fistula fruit did not produce any significant toxic effect in male rats. Hence, C. fistula fruit could be regarded as a safe natural product for therapeutic use.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11615_5cfbf8bf04e0425e01174941396c3a59.pdf
2019-03-01
117
125
10.22038/ajp.2018.11615
Cassia fistula ethanol extract
Toxicity
Histopathology
Haematology
Rizwana
Abid
abid.rizwana@gmail.com
1
Department of PG Studies and Research in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jnanasahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
AUTHOR
Riaz
Mahmood
riaz_sultan@yahoo.com
2
Department of PG Studies and Research in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jnanasahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abid R, Mahmood R, Rajesh KP, Kumara Swamy BE. 2014. Potential in vitro antioxidant and protective effect of Cassia fistula Linn. Fruit extracts against induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 6: 497-505.
1
Abid R, Mahmood R, Santosh Kumar HS. 2016. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of ethanol extract of Cassia fistula fruit in hyperlipidemic mice. Pharm Biol, 54: 1-8.
2
Al-Mamary M, Al-Habori M, Al-Aghbari AM, Baker MM. 2002. Investigation into the toxicological effects of Catha edulis leaves: a short term study in animals. Phyther Res, 16: 127-132.
3
Asare GA, Gyan B, Bugyei K, Adjei S, Mahama R, Addo P, Otu-Nyarko L, Wiredu EK, Nyarko A. 2012. Toxicity potentials of the nutraceutical Moringa oleifera at supra-supplementation levels. J Ethnopharmacol, 139: 265-272.
4
Asare GA, Sittie A, Bugyei K, Gyan BA, Adjei S, Addo P, Wiredu EK, Nyarko AK, Otu-Nyarko LS, Adjei DN. 2011. Acute toxicity studies of Croton membranaceus root extract. J Ethnopharmacol, 134: 938-943.
5
Bahorun T, Neergheen V, Aruoma O. 2011. Phytochemical constituents of Cassia fistula. Afr J Biotechnol, 4: 1530-1540.
6
Birbrair A, Frenette PS. 2016. Niche heterogeneity in the bone marrow. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1370: 82-96.
7
Chauhan N, Bairwa R, Sharma K, Chauhan N. 2011. Review on Cassia fistula. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm, 2: 426-430.
8
Clarke EGC, Clarke CML. 1977. Veterinary toxicology. In: Cassel and Collier Macmillan Publishers, pp. 268-277, London.
9
Dekant W, Vamvakas S. 1996. Biotransformation and membrane transport in nephrotoxicity. Crit Rev Toxicol, 26: 309-334.
10
Dubey NK, Kumar R, Tripathi P. 2004. Global promotion of herbal medicine : India’s opportunity. Curr Sci, 86: 37-41.
11
Hodges RE, Minich DM. 2015. Modulation of metabolic detoxification pathways using foods and food-derived components: A scientific review with clinical application. J Nutr Metab, 2015: 1-23.
12
Huh H, Staba EJ. 1992. The Botany and chemistry of Ginkgo biloba L. J Herbs Spices Med Plants, 1: 91-124.
13
Jaouhari JT, Lazrek HB, Jana M. 1999. Acute toxicity of 10 Moroccan plants reported to be hypoglycemic agents. Therapie, 54: 701-706.
14
Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. 1975. Indian medicinal plants. In: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, pp. 877, Delhi, India.
15
Mayne PD. 1996. Clinical chemistry in diagnosis and treatment. In: Sixth Edition (International Students Edition), New York, Arnold London/Oxford University Press Inc.
16
Michalowicz J, Duda W. 2007. Phenols - sources and toxicity. Polish J Environ Stud, 16: 347-362.
17
Mukinda JT, Syce JA. 2007. Acute and chronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of Artemisia afra in rodents. J Ethnopharmacol, 112: 138-144.
18
OECD. 2008. OECD 407 - Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. Repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study in rodents. Guidel Test Chem, 1-13.
19
OECD. 2001. OECD 423 - Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. Acute oral toxicity -Fixed dose procedure. Animals, 1-14.
20
Rahmani AH, Aldebasi YH, Srikar S, Khan AA, Aly SM. 2015. Aloe vera: Potential candidate in health management via modulation of biological activities. Pharmacogn Rev, 9: 120-126.
21
Rosidah, Yam MF, Sadikun A, Ahmad M, Akowuah GA, Asmawi MZ. 2009. Toxicology evaluation of standardized methanol extract of Gynura procumbens. J Ethnopharmacol, 123: 244-249.
22
Saad B, Azaizeh H, Abu-Hijleh G, Said O. 2006. Safety of traditional arab herbal medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 3: 433-439.
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United Nations. 2011. Globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals (GHS). In: Fourth revised edition, New York and Geneva.
24
Wiam IM, Jacks TW, Zongoma YA. 2005. Acute toxicity and phytochemical studies of Cassia siamea extract in rats. Pakistan J Biol Sci, 8: 586-588.
25
World Health Organization (WHO). 2004. WHO guidelines on safety monitoring of herbal medicines in pharmacovigilance systems. World Health Organization, Geneva.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Short-course administration of a traditional herbal mixture ameliorates asthma symptoms of the common cold in children
Objective: Asthma is an increasing chronic respiratory disease affecting over 300 million people worldwide. Several studies have shown that herbal remedies may improve asthma control and reduce asthma symptoms. In this study, the effects of short-course administration of an herbal mixture (ASMATUSTM) in asthmatic children during viral respiratory tract infection, were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Forty-six children (7-12 years old) with intermittent asthma were enrolled in this double-blind randomized clinical trial. At the onset of common cold symptoms, the patients were randomly assigned to daily receive either the herbal mixture (comprised of Matricaria chamomilla, Althaea officinalis, Malva sylvestris, Hyssopus officinalis, Adiantum capillus-veneris, Glycyrrhiza glabra and Ziziphus jujube) or placebo for 5 days. Primary outcomes included day symptoms, night symptoms, and asthma attacks. Secondary outcomes included Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), the need for β-agonist administration, oral prednisolone usage, necessity for re-visit due to uncontrolled or insupportable symptoms, as well as the number of hospital admissions and days absent from school. Results: the herbal mixture significantly decreased the severity of coughs (p=0.049) and nighttime awakenings (p=0.029) in comparison to placebo. There was no significant reduction in wheezing, tachypnea, respiratory distress, PEF rate, absence from school, outpatient visits, asthma exacerbation, oral prednisolone or β-agonist usage and hospitalization. Conclusion: Short-course of herbal mixture this traditional herbal mixture, starting at the onset of signs of a viral respiratory tract infection in children with intermittent asthma, reduced cough and nights awakening. Further studies should be done to determine the most effective herbal admixture, as well as dose and duration of treatment.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11678_6a8b00248234cdbbc0a31e4de77b1ccd.pdf
2019-03-01
126
133
10.22038/ajp.2018.11678
Asthma
Viral respiratory tract infection
Child
Herbal remedies
asma
javid
asma66javid@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pediatric. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
nasrinsadat
motevalli haghi
dr.haghi@yahoo.com
2
Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Emami
emamia@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
aida
ansari
elhamansari77@gmail.com
4
Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
seyed abbas
zojaji
sabbaszojaji@gmail.com
5
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
maryam
Khoshkhui
khoshkhuim@mums.ac.ir
6
Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hamid
Ahanchian
ahanchianh@mums.ac.ir
7
Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmadi M, Moosavi S, Zakeri S. 2013. Comparison of the effect of honey and diphenhydramine on cough alleviation in 2-5-year-old children with viral upper respiratory tract infection. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci, 15:8-13.
1
Avecina A. 1991. Ghanoon in Medicine. Tehran, Iran: Soroush Co, 2:196-197.
2
Barnes PM, Bloom B, Nahin RL. 2008. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults and children; United States, 2007. Natl Health Stat Report, 10:1-23.
3
Benito M, Jorro G, Morales C, Peláez A, Fernández A. 1996. Labiatae allergy: systemic reactions due to ingestion of oregano and thyme. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 76:416-418.
4
Chang TT, Huang CC, Hsu CH. 2006. Clinical evaluation of the Chinese herbal medicine formula STA‐1 in the treatment of allergic asthma. Phytother Res, 20:342-347.
5
Clark CE, Arnold E, Lasserson TJ, Wu T. 2010. Herbal interventions for chronic asthma in adults and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Respir J, 19:307-314.
6
Clement YN, Williams AF, Aranda D, Chase R, Watson N, Mohammed R, Stubbs O, Williamson D. 2005. Medicinal herb use among asthmatic patients attending a specialty care facility in Trinidad. BMC Complement Altern Med, 5: 3.
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Cukic V, Lovre V, Dragisic D. 2011. Sleep Disorders in Patients with Bronchial Asthma. Materia Socio-Medica, 23:235-237
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11
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35
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of carvacrol on pulmonary function tests, and total and differential white blood cell counts in healthy volunteers: A randomized clinical trial
Objective: This is the first study to evaluate the effect of carvacrol on pulmonary function tests (PFT), and total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts in healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were treated with two doses of carvacrol (1 and 2 mg/kg/day) for 1 month. Total and differential WBC counts and PFT were examined before and after the treatment period. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in terms of total and differential WBC counts between pre and post-treatment with the two doses of carvacrol. Also, results of PFT tests indicated that administration of 1 mg/kg/day carvacrol had no effect on PFT parameters when comparing post-treatment values with pre-treatment values. Treatment with 2 mg/kg/day carvacrol for 1 month increased forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) (p<0.05). However, the changes in total and differential WBC counts as well as PFT values after 1-month treatment were not significantly different between two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that treatment of healthy individuals with 1 and 2 mg/kg carvacrol for 1 month has no negative effects on total and differential WBC counts nor PFT values.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11679_7938dc85460909c0712e75db7880c2c1.pdf
2019-03-01
134
142
10.22038/ajp.2018.11679
Carvacrol
Pulmonary function tests
White blood cells
Healthy volunteers
Vahideh
Ghorani
ghoranisv921@mums.ac.ir
1
Pharmaciutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Marzieh
Boskabady
boskabadymr@mums.ac.ir
2
Dental Materials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Boskabady
boskabadymh@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmad A, Khan A, Akhtar F, Yousuf S, Xess I, Khan L, Manzoor N. 2011. Fungicidal activity of thymol and carvacrol by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and membrane integrity against Candida. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 30:41-50.
1
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3
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Fachini-Queiroz FC, Kummer R, Estevao-Silva CF, Carvalho MDdB, Cunha JM, Grespan R, Bersani-Amado CA, Cuman RKN. 2012. Effects of thymol and carvacrol, constituents of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil, on the inflammatory response. Evid Based Complementary Altern Med, 2012:1-10.
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Gholami Mahtaj L, Boskabady M, Mohamadian Roshan N. 2015. The effect of Zataria multiflora and its constituent, carvacrol, on tracheal responsiveness and lung pathology in guinea pig model of COPD. Phytother Res, 29:730-736.
21
Gholami Mahtaj L, Boskabady M, Mohamadian Roshan N. 2015. The effect of Zataria multiflora and its constituent, carvacrol, on tracheal responsiveness and lung pathology in guinea pig model of COPD. Phytother Res, 29: 730-736.
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Jayakumar S, Madankumar A, Asokkumar S, Raghunandhakumar S, Kamaraj S, Divya MGJ, Devaki T. 2012. Potential preventive effect of carvacrol against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Mol Cell Biochem, 360:51-60.
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Mahtaj LG, Feizpour A, Kianmehr M, Soukhtanloo M, Boskabady MH. 2015. The effect of carvacrol on systemic inflammation in guinea pigs model of COPD induced by cigarette smoke exposure. Pharmacol Rep, 67:140-145.
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41
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42
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Phytochemical composition, and cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of Semenovia suffruticosa
Objective: In this study, our aim was to extract, and identify and quantify the chemical composition of essential oils of Semenovia suffruticosa grown in Kerman, Iran. Moreover, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of aerial parts of S. suffruticosa were reported. Materials and Methods: GC and GC/MS analysis were used for identifying and quantifying the essential oil components. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity were tested by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and agar disc diffusion methods, respectively and MTT assay was used to determine the anti-proliferative potential of the oil against breast (MCF-7), colon (HT-29), neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y), embryonal carcinoma (NCCIT) cancer cell relative to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) as a normal cell. Apoptosis induction was monitored by flow cytometry using PE annexin V apoptosis detection kit and cell cycle arrest was by with propidium iodide. Results: Z-β-ocimene (25.1%), linalool (17.8%) and β-bisabolol (13.3%) were recognized as major components of the essential oil. Our study demonstrated apoptosis-inducing potential of essential oil on normal and cancer cells. However, methanol extract exerted cytotoxicity against a number of cancer cells and arrested cancer cells in G2/M phase; nevertheless, it did not exert strong cytotoxicity against normal cells. Furthermore, DPPH and disc diffusion results showed that while essential oil has considerable antiradical activity, methanol extract did not exert promising antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: Methanol extract of S. suffruticosa shows tumor-cell-specific cytotoxic properties and the essential oil demonstrated a strong antioxidant activity.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11716_bccba423ff1eb13ca6763a637783a045.pdf
2019-03-01
143
152
10.22038/ajp.2018.11716
Semenovia suffruticosa
Essential oil
Methanol extract
Antioxidant and cytotoxic properties
Antibacterial activity
sara
soltanian
sarasoltanian@gmail.com
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
neda
mohamadi
mohamadineda15@gmail.com
2
Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Peyman
Rajaei
rajaei.iauk@gmail.com
3
Department of Biology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
mojtaba
khodami
kh_bsbiology@yahoo.com
4
Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
mehdi
mohammadi
mohammadimehdi@yahoo.com
5
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Adams R. 2001. Quadrupole mass spectra of compounds listed in order of their retention time on DB-5. Identification of essential oils components by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Quadruple mass spectroscopy, pp. 1-804, Allured Pub Corp.
1
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3
Bamoniri A, Ebrahimabadi AH, Mazoochi A, Behpour M, Kashi FJ, Batooli H. 2010. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity evaluation and essential oil analysis of Semenovia tragioides Boiss. from Iran. Food Chem, 122: 553-558.
4
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5
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6
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7
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Masoudi S, Faridchehr A, Alizadehfard S, Zabarjadshiraz N, Chalabian F, Taghizadfarid R, Rustaiyan A. 2011. Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Semenovia frigida and Chaerophyllum bulbosum from Iran. Chem Nat Compd, 47: 829-832.
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18
Masoudi S, Rustaiyan A, Ameri N, Monfared A, Komeilizadeh H, Kamalinejad M, Jamir-Roodi J. 2002. Volatile oils of Carum copticum (L.) CB Clarke in Benth. et Hook, and Semenovia tragioides (Boiss.) Manden. from Iran. J Essent Oil Res, 14: 288-289.
19
Morteza-Semnani K. 2015. A Review on Chenopodium botrys L.: traditional uses, chemical composition and biological activities. Pharm Biomed Res, 1:1-9.
20
Mottaghipisheh J, Moghaddam MA, Valizadeh J, Maghsoudlou MT, Iriti M. 2017. Essential oil constituents and biological activities of leaf extracts of Semenovia suffruticosa from Iran. Rec Nat Prod, 11:395-400.
21
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22
Rechinger K. 1987. Torilis, Thecocarpus, Xanthogalum, Astrodaucus. Flora Iranica, Umbelliferae, pp. 1-499, Akadem Druck- u Verlagsanst.
23
Rechinger K, Teucrium L. 1987. Akademische Druck and Verlagsanstalt. Graz. Austria, pp. 351-353, Akadem Druck- u Verlagsanst.
24
Rustaiyan A, Masoudi S, Aghjani Z. 1999. The essential oil of Semenovia suffruticosa (Freyn et Bornm.) Manden.J Essent Oil Res, 11: 365-366.
25
Sahraei S, Mohkami Z, Golshani F, Javadian F, Saeidi S, Baigi GS. 2014. Antibacterial activity of five medicinal plant extracts against some human bacteria. E Euro J Exp Bio, 4: 194-196.
26
Sardashti A, Ganjali A, Kordi A. 2012. Effect of humic substances on the quality of essential oils of medicinal plants. J Med Plant Res, 6: 2644-2654.
27
Scalbert A, Manach C, Morand C, Rémésy C, Jiménez L. 2005. Dietary polyphenols and the prevention of diseases. C
28
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 45: 287-306.
29
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30
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31
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ethnomedicinal uses of plants for the treatment of nervous disorders at the herbal markets of Bojnord, North Khorasan Province, Iran
Objective: Since ancient times, plants have been commonly used to cure human ailments by indigenous people throughout the world. Nervous diseases are rising all around the world. This paper provides important ethnobotanical information on plants that are used against neurological disorders and are available in medicinal markets of Bojnord, northeastern Iran. Materials and Methods: This survey, as an ethnobotanical study, was carried out between 2017 and 2018. The identification of the intended plant species was done using the available Floras. Some important indices such as the frequency of citations, relative frequency of citation (RFC), family importance value and use report were calculated for the medicinal plants included in the present study. Results: The present study includes 58 medicinal plant species belonging to 36 families and reports their mentioning scientific and vernacular names, parts used, and preparation method. The most common family was Lamiaceae. The major parts of the identified plants used for treatment of nervous )neuropsychological( disorders were flower and aerial parts. The most common methods used for preparation of these plants were infusion and decoction. Stachys turcomanica, Tripleurospermum disciforme, Melissa officinalis, Nardostachys jatamansi, and Aloysia citriodora had the highest rate of use report. Echium amoenum and Melissa officinalis had the highest RFC. Conclusion: The study indicated that although people in Bojnord have access to modern medicinal preparations, a considerable number of them still use medicinal plants for therapeutic purposes. Seemingly, most cited plants are worth more precise evaluations for their pharmacological activity.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11778_f26d70b497bedb6f68e8e919a15d58fd.pdf
2019-03-01
153
163
10.22038/ajp.2018.11778
Medicinal Plants
Lamiaceae
Frequency of citation
Family importance value
Mohabat
Nadaf
m_nadaf@pnu.ac.ir
1
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Joharchi
joharchimr@yahoo.com
2
Department of Botany, Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamad sadegh
Amiri
amiriherb@gmail.com
3
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Akhondzadeh S, Maleki J. 2006. Herbal medicines in the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Iran J Psychiatry, 1: 1-11.
1
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2
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Clinacanthus nutans leaf extract on lipopolysaccharide -induced neuroinflammation in rats: A behavioral and 1H NMR-based metabolomics study
Objective: This research revealed the biochemical outcomes of metabolic dysregulation in serum associated with physiological sickness behavior following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in rats, and treatment with Clinacanthus nutans (CN). Verification of 1H NMR analysis of the CN aqueous extract proved the existence of bioactive phytochemical constituents’ in extract. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five rats were subjected to unilateral stereotaxic injection of 10 µL LPS (1 mg/mL), while another ten rats were injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 10 µL) as control. Then, 29 parameters of rat behavior related to sickness were tracked by a device software (SMART 3.0.1) on days 0 and 14 of CN treatment. The acquired and accumulated data were analyzed using multivariate data analysis with the SIMCA Software package (version 13, Umetrics AB; Umeå, Sweden). The pattern trends of related groups were documented using PCA and OPLS analysis. Results: A similar ameliorated correlation pattern was detected between improvement in physiological sickness behavior and anti-inflammatory biomarkers by the 1H NMR spectra of the sera following treatment with CN (500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw)) and the control drug (dextromethorphan hydrobromide, 5 mg/kg of rats bw) in rats. Here, 21 biomarkers were detected for neuroinflammation. Treatment with the aqueous CN extract resulted in a statistically significant alteration in neuroinflammation metabolite biomarkers, including ethanol, choline, and acetate. Conclusion: This result denotes that the metabolomics approach is a reliable tool to disclose the relationship between central neuroinflammation, and systemic metabolic and physiological disturbances which could be used for future ethno-pharmacological assessments.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11787_b85dc1b889a73c22feaae1f75dc3527f.pdf
2019-03-01
164
186
10.22038/ajp.2018.11787
Neuroinflammation
LPS-induced rats
Clinacanthus nutans
Behavior
Metabolomics
Response biomarkers
Amalina
Ahmad Azam
amalina_azam@hotmail.com
1
Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Intan Safinar
Ismail
safinar@upm.edu.my
2
Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohd Farooq
Shaikh
farooq.shaikh@monash.edu
3
Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Khozirah
Shaari
khozirah@upm.edu.my
4
Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Faridah
Abas
faridah_abas@upm.edu.my
5
Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
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