ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of a functional food (vegetable soup) on blood rheology in patients with polycythemia
Objective: Key hemorheological variables are associated with several life-threatening diseases including cardio-cerebro-vascular diseases. A diet can influence the blood rheological variables. To compare the effectiveness of a vegetable soup on blood viscosity (BV), hematocrit (Hct), plasma fibrinogen, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and blood osmolarity in patients with polycythemia in comparison to a control group. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted at Isar health clinics in Mashhad, Iran, during a 7-month period. Forty male participants (35 to 60 years old) with polycythemia, but without underlying diseases, were included. They randomly assigned to two groups and either received diet/phlebotomy or phlebotomy alone, for 6 weeks. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using parametric tests. Results: A significant reduction in BV at 30s (p 0.001), BV at 40s (p 0.001), BV at 50s (p 0.001), Hct (p 0.001), plasma fibrinogen (p<0.001), total cholesterol (p<0.01), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.01), VLDL-cholesterol (p 0.001), HDL-cholesterol (p<0.01), osmolarity (p<0.001), and FBS (p 0.001) was observed in diet recipients. Following the intervention, there was a significant decrease in triglyceride (intervention group, p<0.05; control group, p<0.05), in both groups. Conclusion: This trial showed that the plant–based food used in this study could improve blood rheology.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10439_73c01edaa9cdd5406529008eff5b2c4e.pdf
2018-09-01
389
398
10.22038/ajp.2018.25645.1930
Blood rheology
Blood viscosity
Polycythemia
Functional food
Diet
Hamideh
Naghedi Baghdar
naghedih911@mums.ac.ir
1
Student Research Committee, School of Persian and complementary medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Nematy
nematym@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad-Mahdi
Kooshyar
koshyarmm@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Taghipour
taghipoura@mums.ac.ir
4
Department of School of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sayyed Abolghasem
Sajadi Tabassi
sajadia@mums.ac.ir
5
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Sadegh
Shokri
shokris1@mums.ac.ir
6
School of Persian and complementary medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Roghayeh
Javan
javanr911@mums.ac.ir
7
Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Mohammad
Nazari
drnazari43@gmail.com
8
Department of Persian and complementary medicine, School of Persian and complementary medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Aghili MH. 2009. Makhzan-al-Advia. In: Rahimi R, Shams-Ardekani MR, Farjadmand F, pp. 220-715, Tehran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
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39
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40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Rosmarinus officinalis and Platanus orientalis extracts on asthmatic subjects resistant to routine treatments
Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effects of Rosmarinus officinalis (R. officinalis) and Platanus orientalis(P. orientalis) extracts on asthma. Materials and Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, active-comparator study to evaluate the effect of P. orientalis and R. officinalis extracts on asthmatic patients resistant to routine treatment.The subjects were randomly divided into three groups receiving P. orientalis and R. officinalis extracts alone or in combination. The primary endpoints were clinical findings, spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and Asthma Control Test (ACT) assessed over the one-month treatment period. Results: ACT score showed significant improvement after treatment with R. officinalis (p<0.05) but not with P. orientalis. Clinical evaluations showed that cough, sputum production and wheezing were significantly improved in R. officinalis group (p Conclusion: R. officinalis extract showed promising results in treatment of resistant asthma. Further studies to find the most effective components of these herbal medicines are recommended.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10440_254a161002a4785a4c19f044c12b223a.pdf
2018-09-01
399
407
10.22038/ajp.2018.25278.1925
Asthma
R. officinalis
P. orientalis
Sycamore
Rosmarinic acid
Majid
Mirsadraee
majidmirsadraee@yahoo.com
1
Department of Internal medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University-Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Afsaneh
Tavakoli
afsaneh.tavakoli@hotmail.com
2
Innovative Medical Research Center, Department of pharmacology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Vahideh
Ghorani
ghoranisv921@mums.ac.ir
3
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Shadi
Ghafari
shadighafari@yahoo.com
4
Biologist, Shahid Hasehemi Nezhad Research center, Kavosh high school, Ministry of Education, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S. 2004. Suppression of the nuclear factor-kappaB activation pathway by spice-derived phytochemicals: reasoning for seasoning. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1030:434-41.
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17
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19
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21
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23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antiulcer effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats
Objective: Zataria multiflora has been reported to have several medicinal properties including antioxidant, antibacterial, antispasmodic, and expectorant activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Z. multiflora hydro-alcoholic extract (ZMHE) on peptic ulcer caused by indomethacin in rats. Materials and Methods: ZMHE was prepared by maceration, condensed by rotary evaporator and dried by a freeze-drier. In this study, 72 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 groups, six in each including: normal rats, control rats, ranitidine-treated, and animals that were treated with ZMHE (100, 200, 400 mg/kg). Parenteral and oral treatments were done 1 and 2 hours, respectively before gastric ulcer induction by indomethacin (25 mg/kg, i.p.). After 6 hours, animals were sacrificed, two sides of the stomach were ligated and gastric contents and tissues were investigated in terms of pH and biochemical and histologic parameters, respectively. Results: ZMHE (at all doses) considerably decreased the ulcer area and ulcer severity in comparison to control group after oral and parenteral administration. Oral administration of this extract increased thepH of stomach contents while diminished pepsin activity in a dose-dependent manner. Following parenteral treatment, a significant difference in pH of stomach content was observed only by ZMHE 400mg/kg in comparison to control group. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity decreased in groups that received the extract via both oral and parenteral routes. Conclusion: It might be concluded that ZMHE could protect against experimental gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin and this action is probably mediated via reducing acid secretion and pepsin activity besides enhancing tissue antioxidant capacity
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10617_e580a089457dc067f3b1223ba3d60efd.pdf
2018-09-01
408
415
10.22038/ajp.2018.10617
Zataria multiflora
Gastric ulcer
Gastric acid
Pepsin
Ulcer index
Mohsen
Minaiyan
minaiyan@pharm.mui.ac.ir
1
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sayed-Ebrahim
Sajjadi
sajjadi@pharm.mui.ac.ir
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Kamran
Amini-Dehkordi
kamranamini89@yahoo.com
3
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Abed A, Minaiyan M, Ghannadi A, Mahzouni P, Babavalian MR. 2012. Effect of Echium amoenum Fisch. ET. Mey a traditional Iranian herbal remedy in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis. ISRN Gastroenterol, doi: 10.5402/2012/141548.
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Borra SK, Lagisetty RK, Mallela GR. 2011. Anti-ulcer effect of Aloe vera in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced peptic ulcers in rats. Afr J Pharm Pharmaco, 5:1867-1871.
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15
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16
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19
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21
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Zomorodian K, Saharkhiz M J, Rahimi M J, Bandegi A, Shekarkhar G, Bandegani A, et al. 2011. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils from three ecotypes of Zataria multiflora. Pharmacogn Mag, 7: 53–59.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Anti-virulence potential of eugenol-rich fraction of Syzygium aromaticum against multidrug resistant uropathogens isolated from catheterized patients
Objective: Considering the emergence of biofilm-associated pathogens with multidrug resistance, the objective(s) of the present study was to evaluate the anti-virulence property of Syzygium aromaticum extracts/fractions against 2 multidrug-resistant catheter isolates. Materials and Methods: Pulverized clove buds were subjected to bioactivity-guided isolation to identify the bioactive extract/fraction(s) with significant anti-virulence property. The clove bud powder was subjected to Soxhlet extraction and all these extracts were investigated in terms of anti-virulent efficacy using initial readout assays. Bioassay-guided partial purification was performed through column and size exclusion chromatography. Detailed testing of the anti-virulence and anti-biofilm activity of sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) levels of the active fraction, was performed besides the cytotoxicity profiling in RAW 264.7 cells. Results: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the clove bioactive fraction-2 (CBF-2), done after the bioassay-guided fractionation, revealed eugenol as the major bioactive ingredient present in CBF-2. Reduced mRNA levels of virulence factor genes after CBF-2 (700 μg/ml) treatment correlated well with the respective phenotypic assays (p<0.001). Similarly, CBF-2 (700 μg/ml) treatment exhibited significantly low mRNA levels of quorum sensing (QS) receptor genes compared to their cognate synthase genes (p<0.001). Crystal violet staining and scanning electron micrographs of CBF-2-treated biofilms showed lesser macrocolonies with remarkably simplified architecture. Cytotoxic evaluation of CBF-2 suggested a minute reduction in viability even at the highest tested concentration (1600 μg/ml, p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study indicated that eugenol-rich CBF-2 has potent anti-virulence and anti-biofilm activity against urinary catheter isolates and can be regarded as an alternative for treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10743_a766895d48135833ed85542e543a981f.pdf
2018-09-01
416
431
10.22038/ajp.2018.23171.1860
Syzygium aromaticum (L.)
Anti-virulence agent
Quorum sensing
Eugenol
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
CAUTIs
Rathinam
Prasanth
prasanth.r@vit.ac.in
1
Renal Research Lab, Centre for Bio Medical Research, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
AUTHOR
Pragasam
Viswanathan
pragasam.v@vit.ac.in
2
Renal Research Lab, Centre for Bio Medical Research, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abraham SVPI, Palani A, Ramaswamy BR, Shunmugiah KP, Arumugam VR. 2011. Antiquorum sensing and antibiofilm potential of Capparis spinosa. Arch Med Res, 42:658-668.
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3
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23
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Viswanathan P, Rathinam P, Suneeva S. 2015. Plant Quorum Sensing Inhibitors: Food, Medicinal Plants, and Others. In Quorum Sensing vs Quorum Quenching: A Battle with No End in Sight, Springer: 269-281.
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antimycobacterial activity of fruit of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC against Mycobacterium smegmatis
Objective: Fruits of lemon pepper (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC., Rutaceae) have been traditionally used as a spice and in folk medicine for treatment of diarrhea and stomachache. Stomachache could be associated with mycobacterial infection. The present study was designed to investigate the activity of Z. acanthopodium fruits against a non-infectious Mycobacterium smegmatis and to identify the important phytochemical constituent that is toxic towards mycobacteria. Materials and Methods: The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethyl acetate or hexane extract of green, young fruits of Z. acanthopodium. Effect of active extract (hexane) on cell membranee integrity was studied by measuring sodium and potassium leakage into extracelullar liquid using Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometer (AAS). Next, cell morphology was observedby using Scanning Microscope Electron (SEM). Column chromatography was used for fractionation and purification of hexane extract while the chemical structure of the active compound was determined using NMR technique. Rifampicin, an antimycobacterial compound, was used as positive control. Results: Hexane extract was active against M. smegmatis with an MIC of 64 µg/ml. Plant extract at the concentration of 128 µg/ml caused ions leakage. Concentration of sodium in extracellular liquid of cells treated with plant extract was significantly higher than that of untreated cells. SEM observation revealed cell wall deformation in cultures treated with the extract. NMR spectroscopy analysis of the most active fraction revealed that the compound that exerted toxicity on M. smegmatis was geranyl acetate. Conclusion: Geranyl acetate was an important constituent of Z. acanthopodium fruit that has antimycobacterial activity. Possibly, Z. acanthopodium fruit exert its toxic effects against M. smegmatisthrough damaging cell membrane.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10744_7ff99e248207b7c656e608959aa49d21.pdf
2018-09-01
432
438
10.22038/ajp.2018.18070.1703
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium
Mycobacterium smegmatis
Anti – diarrhea
Antimycobacteria
Geranyl acetate
Heddy
Julistiono
heddy_j@yahoo.com
1
Research Center for Biology - The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Jl. Raya Jakarta – Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fani
Gustiani Lestari
2
Research Center for Biology - The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Jl. Raya Jakarta – Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
AUTHOR
Rifki
Iryanto
3
Research Center for Biology - The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Jl. Raya Jakarta – Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
AUTHOR
Puspa
Dewi Lotulung
4
Research Center for Chemsitry - The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Jl. Kw. Puspiptek, Muncul, Serpong, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia
AUTHOR
Broxmeyer, L, Sosnowska D, Miltner, E., Chacón, O, Wagner, D., McGarvey, J., Barletta, R.G., Bermudez, L.E., 2002. Killing of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a Mycobacteriophage Delivered by a Nonvirulent Mycobacterium: A Model for Phage Therapy of Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens. J Infect Dis, 186:1155-1160
1
Burke KA, Patel A, Jayaratnam A, Thiruppathy K and Snooks S. 2014. Diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis in the acute abdomen. Int J Surg, 12: 494-499
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Campen RL, Ackerley DF, Cook GM. and O'Toole RF. 2015. Development of a Mycobacterium smegmatis transposon mutant array for characterising the mechanism of action of tuberculosis drugs: Findings with isoniazid and its structural analogues. Tuberculosis, 95:432-439
3
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Piccaro G, Pietraforte D, Giannoni F, Mustazzolu A, and Fattorinia L. 2014. Rifampin Induces Hydroxyl Radical Formation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 58: 7527-7533
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22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Synergistic effects of Ferula gummosa and radiotherapy on induction of cytotoxicity in HeLa cell line
Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer among women, worldwide; and for treatment of this type of cancer radiotherapy is commonly used. Ferula gummosa Boiss(“Barije” in Persian, from the family Apiaceae), (F. gummosa), is an extremely precious medicinal plant which naturally grows throughout the Mediterranean and Central Asia and is a native plant in Iran. The present study examined the cytotoxic effects of F. gummosa in terms of induction of apoptosis and radiosensitivity in HeLa cells. Materials and Methods: In order to determine F. gummosa cytotoxicity in HeLa cells, the cells were incubated with different concentrations of the plant resin(0-1000 µg/ml) for 24, 48 and 72 hr. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. The role of apoptosis in F. gummosa cytotoxicity was investigated using flow cytometry following propidium iodide (PI) staining of DNA. For radiosensitivity assessment, F. gummosa-treated cells were exposed to 2 Gy γ-rays, and cytotoxicity was determined in irradiated and non-irradiated (control) groups by MTT and the synergism factor was calculated. Results: F. gummosa decreased cell viability in HeLa cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometryanalysisindicated that apoptosis is involved in F. gummosa-induced cytotoxicity. Co-administration of F. gummosa and radiotherapy, showed that this plantat non-toxic low doses, could result in almost 5-fold increment in sensitization of cells towards radiation-induced toxicity. Conclusion: The concurrent use of F. gummosa and radiation increases radiosensitivity and cell death. Therefore, F. gummosa can be considered as a potential radiosensitizer agent against cervical cancer.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10795_b174ec5a0d61f392395684f63d341791.pdf
2018-09-01
439
447
10.22038/ajp.2018.20920.1795
HeLa cell line
Ferula gummosa Boiss
Cytotoxicity
Apoptosis
Radiotherapy
Synergistic effects
Seyed Hamid
Forouzmand
hamid_forozmand@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Hadi
Mousavi
mousavih@mums.ac.ir
2
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Vazifedan
vahidvazifedan@yahoo.com
3
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahnaz
Nourbakhsh
nourbakhshm@mums.ac.ir
4
Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Jamshidkhan
Chamani
chamani@ibb.ut.ac.ir
5
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Azar
Hoseini
hoseiniaz@mums.ac.ir
6
Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Azar
Fani Pakdel
fanipa@mums.ac.ir
7
Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protective effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Quercus brantii against lead-induced oxidative stress in the reproductive system of male mice
Objective: Exposure to heavy metals such as lead (Pb) results in oxidative stress induction in the male reproductive system. Herbal medicine can be utilized as antioxidant agents against oxidative stress. Quercus brantii (QB) has shown antioxidant activity in previous studies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate effects of QB hydro-alcoholic extract against Pb-induced oxidative stress in the male mice reproductive system. Materials and Methods: Forty-two NMRI adult male mice were randomly divided into 7 groups of 6 animals each. Group I was the control group that received no treatment. Group II was the sham group and received 0.2 ml distilled water. Groups III and IV received QB hydro-alcoholic extract 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw, respectively. Group V received Pb 1000 ppm/kg bw. Group VI and VII received Pb 1000 ppm/kg bw and QB extract 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw, respectively. All groups received treatment via oral gavage. After 35 days, sperm parameters (i.e. sperm motility, count and morphology) were evaluated. Levels of sex hormones including LH, FSH, and testosterone, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in animals’ serum. Results: Exposure to Pb negatively affected sperm parameters (i.e. sperm motility, count and morphology), decreased serum concentrations of sex hormones (i.e. LH, FSH, and testosterone), TAC and SOD activity but increased MDA levels. However, co-administration of 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw QB hydro-alcoholic extract and Pb considerably improved sperm parameters (i.e. sperm motility, count and morphology), increased sex hormones (i.e.LH, FSH, and testosterone), TAC, and SOD activity while decreased MDA levels in animals’ serum. Conclusion: Administration of QB extracts (Low dose and high dose) is able to protect the male reproductive system of mice against Pb-induced oxidative stress.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11171_2d69dc72470180a047cef29da5841980.pdf
2018-09-01
448
456
10.22038/ajp.2018.29912.2040
Antioxidants
Lead
Lipid Peroxidation
Oak Tree
Oxidative stress
Sperm
Ali
Soleimanzadeh
a.soleimanzadeh@urmia.ac.ir
1
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Kian
mehdi.kian@live.com
2
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Sajjad
Moradi
s.moradi@urmia.ac.ir
3
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Farin
Malekifard
malekifard90@gmail.com
4
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Agarwal A, Virk G, Ong C, du Plessis SS. 2014. Effect of oxidative stress on male reproduction. World J Men Health, 32:1-7.
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49
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protective effect of Mumiju against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats
Objective: In this study, we elucidated the ameliorative effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Mumiju against acetic acid-induced experimental colitis in male rats. Materials and Methods: The animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=7) including I: control group, II: vehicle group (injected with 2 ml acetic acid (4%) intra rectally), III and IV: treatment groups which received Mumiju (250 mg/kg) orally or intraperitoneally for 4 consecutive days after ulcer induction. Ulcer index, severity of inflammation, colonic levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and histological changes were recorded after the treatment regimen of 4 days. Results: The ulcer index, severity of inflammation and colonic MDA levels were increased following intrarectal instillation of acetic acid. Also, acetic acid significantly decreased the SOD and GSH levels. Treatment with Mumiju for 4 days exhibited significantly lowered oxidative stress, while elevated of SOD and GSH levels. Regenerative-healing patterns also was seen by histopathological findings after treatment with Mumiju. Conclusion: The present investigation demonstrates that Mumiju could be regarded as a herb with potent therapeutic value in the amelioration of experimental colitis in laboratory animals by modulation of oxidant- antioxidant system.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11276_47ae0c72e2912d77840c6d2b75794f1d.pdf
2018-09-01
457
464
10.22038/ajp.2018.11276
SOD
GSH
MDA
Mumiju
Rats
Colitis
Nadar
Shahrokhi
shahrokhi@yahoo.com
1
1. Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zakieh
Keshavarzi
zakieh_keshavarzi@yahoo.com
2
natural products and medicinal plants research center, north khorasan university of medical sciences, bojnurd, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Khaksari Haddad
khaksar@yahoo.com
3
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and clinical physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fereshteh
Amirafzali
amir@yahoo.com
4
4. Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
Shahriar
Dabiri
dabiri@yahoo.com
5
Department of Pathology, University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Nava
Shahrokhi
shahrokhin@yahoo.com
6
School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Agarwal SP, Khanna R, Karmarkar R, Anwer MK, Khar RK. 2007. Shilajit: A review. Phytother Res, 21:401–405.
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3
Bhattacharya SK, Sen AP, Ghosal S. 1995. Effects of shilajit on biogenic free radicals. Phytother Res, 9:56–59.
4
Bhattacharya SK, Ghosal S. 1992. Effect of Shilajit on rat brain monoamines. Phytother Res, 6:163–164.
5
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12
Ghaaazi F , Shahrokhi N , Khaksari M , Asadikaram G , Atashbar J. 2018. Effect of Shilajit on the levels of pro-inflammatory and anti- inflammation cytokines in hepatic injury in male rats. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 27, 1-13.
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Ghannadi A, Zolfaghari B, Shamashian S. 2011. Necessity, importance and applications of traditional medicine in different ethnic. J Tradit Med Islam, 13:161–176.
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Ghosal S. 1990.Chemistry of shilajit, an immunomodulatory ayurvedic rasayan. Pure Appl Chem (IUPAC), 62:1285–1288.
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Ghosal SK, Kumar Y, Srivastava R, Goel RK, Dey R, Bhattacharya SK. 1988. Anti-ulcerogenic activity of fulvic acids and 4’-methoxy-6-carbomethoxybiphenyl isolated from shilajit. Phytother Res, 2:187–191.
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Ghosal SL, Jaiswal AK, Bhattacharya SK. 1993. Effects of Shilajit and its active constituents on learning and memory in rats. Phytother Res, 7:29–34.
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22
Keshavarzi Z, Alikhani V, Vatanchian M, Tabatabaei Yazdi A, Bibak B, Mohebbati R. 2014. Effects of Aloe Vera Gel on Gastric Acid Secretion and Colon Histopathology in Ulcerative Colitis Model induced by Acetic Acid in Rats. Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 22: 1-11.
23
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26
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27
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Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. 1979. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem, 95, 351–358.
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Phaechamud TJC, Wetwitayaklung P, Limmatvapirat C, Srichan T. 2008. Some biological activities and safety of mineral pitch (mumiju) Silpakorn Univ Sci Technol J, 2:7–17.
30
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35
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of Allium hirtifolium and Allium sativum
Objective: One of the major clinical problems is the resistance of Candida speciestowards most of antifungals. The search for new antifungal drug from plants have helped to overcome this problem. This study evaluated the effects of Allium hirtifolium and Allium sativumextracts on Candida tropicalis both in vitro and in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis. Materials and Methods: In this study, clinical isolates of C. tropicalis were isolated and identified from immunocompromised patients with recurrent candidiasis. Antifungal susceptibilities assessment and time kill study of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. hirtifolium and A. sativumextracts were done against C. tropicalis. The in vivo activity of aqueous extracts of A. hirtifolium and A. sativumwere evaluated in a mouse model of systemiccandidiasis caused by C. tropicalis through estimating the host survival time, fungal burden and histopathologic analyses. Results: The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. hirtifolium and A. sativum exhibited significant antifungal activity against C. tropicalis. In time kill study, A. hirtifolium and A. sativum extracts exhibited significant effects against C. tropicalis (p<0.05). Treatment of BALB/c mice that were systemicallyinfected with C. tropicalis, showed that treatments with A. hirtifolium and A. sativum (at 1 mg/kg/day) were slightly less efficacious than that of fluconazole in terms of the fungal burden reduction and host survival time, it was still effective against C. tropicalis. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the anticandidal properties of A. hirtifolium and A. sativumextracts in vitro and in vivo and suggest their potential to be used as an adjuvant therapy in the management of Candida infections.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_11283_7989af10d7c917f8a88d7a15de5fa19a.pdf
2018-09-01
465
474
10.22038/ajp.2018.11283
Allium hirtifolium
Allium sativum
Candida tropicalis
Systemic candidiasis
Alireza
Diba
iauyasouj@gmail.com
1
Department of Microbiology, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
AUTHOR
Fahimeh
Alizadeh
mnalizadeh@yahoo.com
2
Department of Microbiology, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Alizadeh M, Kolecka A, Boekhout T, Zarrinfar H, Ghanbari Nahzag MA, Badiee P, Rezaei-Matehkolaei A, Fata A, Dolatabadi S, Najafzadeh MJ. 2017a. Identification of Candida species isolated from vulvovaginitis using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Curr Med Mycol, 3: 21–25.
1
Alizadeh F, Khodavandi A, Zalakian S.2017b.Quantitation of ergosterol content and gene expression profile of ERG11 gene in fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. Curr Med Mycol, 3: 13–19.
2
Antinori S, Milazzo L, Sollima S, Galli M, and Corbellino M. 2016. Candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults: a narrative review. Eur J Intern Med, 34: 21-28.
3
Bayan L, Koulivand PH, Gorji A. 2014. Garlic: a review of potential therapeutic effects. Avicenna J Phytomed, 4: 1-14.
4
Fattorusso E, Iorizzi M, Lanzotti V, Taglialatela-Scafati O. 2002. Chemical composition of shallot (Allium ascalonicum Hort.). J Agric Food Chem, 50: 5686-5690.
5
Ghahremani-majd H, Dashti F, Dastan D, Mumivand H, Hadian J, Esna-Ashari M. 2012. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Iranian mooseer (Alliumhirtifolium Boiss) populations. Hort Environ Biotechnol, 53: 116-122.
6
Ghannoum MA. 1988. Studies on the anticandidal mode of action of Allium sativum (garlic). J Gen Microbiol, 134: 2917-2924.
7
Katiraee F, Eidi S, Bahonar AR, Zarrinfar H, Khosravi AR. 2008. Comparison of MICs of some Iranian herbal essences against azole resistance and azole susceptible of Candida albicans. J Medic Plants, 7: 37-44.
8
Khodavandi A, Harmal NS, Alizadeh F, Scully OJ, Sidik SHM, Othman F, Sekawi Z, Ng KP, Chong PP. 2011a. Comparison between allicin and fluconazole in Candida albicans biofilm inhibition and in suppression of HWP1 gene expression. Phytomedicine, 19: 56-63.
9
Khodavandi A, Alizadeh F, Harmal N, Sidik SM, Othman F, Sekawi Z, Farboodniay Jahromi MA, Ng KP, Chong PP. 2011b. Comparison between efficacy of allicin and fluconazole against Candidaalbicansin vitro and in a systemic candidiasis mouse model. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 315: 87-93.
10
Khodavandi A, Alizadeh F, Namvar F, Rosfarizan M, Chong PP. 2014. Anti-Candida potential of Allium ascalonicum Linn: antibiofilm activity and biomolecular mechanism of action. J Pure Appl Microbiol, 8: 349-356.
11
Khorsand I, Ghanbari Nehzag MA, Zarrinfar H, Fata A, Naseri A, Badiee P, Najafzadeh MJ. 2015. Frequency of variety of Candida species in women with Candida vaginitis referred to clinical centers of Mashhad, Iran. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil, 18: 15-22.
12
Klepser ME, Ernst EJ, Lewis RE, Ernst ME, Pfaller MA. 1998.Influence of test conditions on antifungal time-kill curve results: proposed for standardized methods. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 42: 1207-1212.
13
Kord Z, Fata A, Zarrinfar H. 2017. Molecular Identification of Candida species isolated from patients with vulvovaginitis for the first time in Mashhad. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil, 20: 50-57.
14
Kothavade RJ, Kura MM, Valand AG, Panthaki MH. 2010. Candida tropicalis: its prevalence, pathogenicity and increasing resistance to fluconazole. J Med Microbiol, 59: 873-880.
15
LanzottiV, Bonanomi G, Scala F. 2013. What makes Allium species effective against pathogenic microbes? Phytochem Rev, 12: 751-772.
16
Leelarungrayub N, Chanarat N, Rattanapanone V. 2004. Potential activity of Thai Shallot (A. Ascalonicum L.) extract on the prevention of hemolysis and glutathione depletion in human erythrocyte from oxidative stress. Chiang Mai Univ J Sci, 3: 225-234.
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