ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Simulation of metabolism-based herb-drug interaction: towards safe and efficacious use of NIPRD-AM1
Objective: To evaluate the effect of NIPRD-AM1 on CYP3A4 in order to generate clinically significant data for its safe and efficacious use. Materials and Methods: NIPRD-AM1 is a phytomedicine developed from aqueous root extracts of Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. The effect of NIPRD-AM1 on CYP3A4 was measured with and without the addition of NIPRD-AM1, by testing different concentrations of the product at 37 °C in reactive mixtures with ketoconazole (2.5 µM) as the positive control. Results: Results showed a very low IC50 value of 0.01 mg/ml similar to that of ketoconazole (0.016 mg/ml). Conclusion: Metabolic processes of NIPRD-AM1 are likely to inhibit CYP3A4, with potential implication on drugs that are CYP3A4 substrates. This is a promising approach for guidance towards the safe and efficacious use of NIPRD-AM1.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_233_71006debddefb79761ea5b6a4f0e1601.pdf
2013-06-01
201
204
10.22038/ajp.2013.233
CYP3A4
Herb-Drug Interactions
Nauclea latifolia
NIPRD-AM1
Bulus
Adzu
bulusadzu@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, PMB 21, Abuja, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kudirat Bola
Mustapha
2
Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, PMB 21, Abuja, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Collen
Masimirembwa
3
African Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology (AiBST), Cnr Chinhoyi Str./Jason Moyo Ave. No. 9 at LAPF Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe
AUTHOR
Obiageri
Obodozie
4
Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, PMB 21, Abuja, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Rukaiyatu
Abdullahi Kirim
5
Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, PMB 21, Abuja, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Karniyus Shingu
Gamaniel
6
Director General/Chief Executive Officer, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, PMB 21, Abuja, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Abbah J, Amos S, Chindo B, Ngazal I, Vongtau HO, Adzu B, Farida T, Odutola AA, Wambebe C, Gamaniel KS. 2010. Pharmacological evidence favouring the use of Nauclea latifolia in malaria ethnopharmacy. J Ethnopharmacol, 127: 85-90.
1
Ameh S, Obodozie O, Gamaniel S, Abubakar M, Garba M. 2010. Physicochemical variables and real time stability of the herbal substance of Niprd-AM1®-an antimalarial developed from the root of Nauclea latifolia S.M. (Rubiaceae). Int J Phytomed, 2: 332-340.
2
Amos S, Abbah J, Binda L, Adzu B, Buhari S, Odutola AA, Wambebe C, Gamaniel K. 2005. Neuropharmacological effects of the aqueous extract of Nauclea latifolia root bark in rats and mice. J Ethnopharmacol, 97: 53-57.
3
Evans WE, Relling MV. 1999. Pharmacogenomics: translating functional genomics into rational therapeutics. Science, 286: 487-491.
4
Fugh-Berman A. 2000. Herb-drug interactions. The Lancet, 355: 134-138.
5
Gamaniel K, Wambebe C, Amupitan J, Hussaini IM, Amos S, Awodogan MO, Usman H, Enwerem N. 1997. Active column fractions of Nauclea latifolia on Plasmodium berghei on rabbit ileum. J Pharm Res Dev, 2: 44-47.
6
Gamaniel K. 2008. A comparative randomized clinical trial of NIPRD-AM1 against a chloroquine and sulphodoxine pyrimethamine combination in symptomatic but uncomplicated malaria. Abstract of the World Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Cape Town, Nov. 2008.
7
Gwaza L, Wolfe AR, Benet LZ, Guglielmo BJ, Chagwera TE, Maponga CC, Masimirembwa CM. 2009. In vitro inhibitory effects of Hypoxis obtuse and Dicoma anomala on cyp450 enzymes and p-glycoprotein. Afr J Phar Pharmacol, 3: 539-546.
8
Nerbert DW, Russell DW. 2002. Clinical importance of the cytochromes p450. The Lancet, 360: 1155-1162.
9
Monera TG, Wolfe AR, Maponga CC, Benet LZ, Guglielmo J. 2008. Moringa oleifera leaf extracts inhibit 6-hydroxylation of testosterone by CYP3A4. J Infect Dev Ctries, 2: 379-383.
10
Wienkers LC, Heath TG. 2005. Predicting the in vivo drug interactions from in vitro drug discovery data. Nat Rev Drug Disc, 4: 825-833.
11
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Traditional Chinese and Indian medicine in the treatment of opioid-dependence: a review
Objective: In this study, the current literatures on the use of herbs and herbal preparations of Traditional Chinese and Indian Medicine for the treatment of opioid addiction were reviewed. Methods: Search was done in databases such as Pub Med, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. Results: Among 18 retrieved studies, 3 studies were about asafetida extract, an approved preparation for ameliorating drug abstinence in China. Chinese preparations including Composite Dong Yuan Gao, Qingjunyin and TJ-97 (a water extract of dai-bofu-to) as well as Indian ones, Mentate and Shilajit, were reported to have positive effects against opioid withdrawal, dependence, and tolerance. Moreover, Levo-tetrahydropalmatine and L-Stepholidine, in addition to extracts of Caulis Sinomenii and Sinomenium acutum showed similar effects. Banxia Houpu Decoction, Fu-Yuan pellet, Jinniu capsules, Qingjunyin, Tai-Kang-Ning capsule, and Xuan Xia Qudu Jiaonang (WeiniCom) from Chinese preparations, showed anti-addiction effects in randomized, double-blind and, in some studies, multicenter clinical trials. Conclusion: Traditional herbal preparations of China and India have anti-addiction effects with less adverse effects than alpha2-adrenergic or opioid agonists.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_514_e5e4d96be6607f5071f17d0a91f50c73.pdf
2013-06-01
205
215
10.22038/ajp.2013.514
Addiction
Opioid Tolerance
Opioid withdrawal
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Traditional Indian Medicine
Fatemeh
Doosti
1
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Saeedeh
Dashti
2
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Meghdad
Tabatabai
3
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Hosseinzadeh
hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir
4
Pharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Christie MJ. 2008. Cellular neuroadaptations to chronic opioids: tolerance, withdrawal and addiction. Brit J Pharmacol, 154: 384-396.
1
Emami SA, Asgary S, Naderi GA, Ardekani MRS, Aslani S, Airin A, Kasher T, Sahebkar A. 2012. Investigation of antioxidant and anti-glycation properties of essential oils from fruits and branchlets of Juniperus oblong Rev. bras farmacogn, 22: 985-993.
2
Grover JK, Rathi SS, Vats V. 2000. Preliminary study of fresh juice of Benincasa hispida on morphine addiction in mice. Fitoterapia, 71: 707-709.
3
Hao W, Zhao M. 2000. A comparative clinical study of the effect of WeiniCom, a Chinese herbal compound, on alleviation of withdrawal symptoms and craving for heroin in detoxification treatment. J Psychoactive Drugs, 32: 277-284.
4
Hosseinzadeh H, Dowlati S, Etemad L. 2008. Effects of Stachys Byzantina C. Koch Aerial Parts Aqueous Extract on Morphine Dependence and Tolerance in Mice. Pharmacologyonline, 2: 614-617.
5
Hosseinzadeh H, Jahanian Z. 2010. Effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) Stigma and its Constituents, Crocin and Safranal, on Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome in Mice. Phytother Res, 24: 726-730.
6
Hosseinzadeh H, Ramezani M, Ghorbani M. 2007. Effect of Zhumeria majdae Rech. F. & Wendelbo aerial parts extracts and fractions on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. J Med Plants Res, 6: 48-60.
7
Huang DB, Yu ZF, Fu L . 2004. Clinical observation on effect of modified banxia houpu decoction in treating patients with protracted heroin abstinence syndrome. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, 24: 216-219.
8
Innocenti M, Michelozzi M, Giaccherini C, Ieri F, Vincieri FF, Mulinacci N. 2007. Flavonoids and Biflavonoids in Tuscan Berries of Juniperus communis L.: Detection and Quantitation by HPLC/DAD/ESI/MS. J Agric Food Chem, 55: 6596-6602.
9
Kang L, Li B, Gao L, Li S, Wang D, Hu M, Li J. 2008. Tai-Kang-Ning, a Chinese herbal medicine formula, alleviates acute heroin withdrawal. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 34: 269-276.
10
Kulisic T, Radonic A, Katalinic V, Milos M. 2004. Use of different methods for testing antioxidative activity of oregano essential oil. Food Chem, 85: 633-640.
11
Kulkarni SK, Verma A. 1992. Prevention of development of tolerance and dependence to opiate in mice by BR-16A (Mentat), a herbal psychotropic preparation. Indian J Exp Biol, 30: 885-888.
12
Liu TT, Shi J, Epstein DH, Bao YP, Lu L. 2009a. A meta-analysis of Chinese herbal medicine in treatment of managed withdrawal from heroin. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 29: 17-25.
13
Liu YL, Yan LD, Zhou PL, Wu CF, Gong ZH. 2009b. Levo-tetrahydropalmatine attenuates oxycodone-induced conditioned place preference in rats. Eur J Pharmacol, 602: 321-327.
14
Lopes-Lutz D, Alviano DS, Alviano CS, Kolodziejczyk PP .2008. Screening of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Artemisia essential oils. Phytochemistry, 69: 1732-1738.
15
Lu H, Lan S, Wang G, Zhan C, Shi C. 1998. Experimental study on the effect of abstinence with herbal preparation qingjunyin. Zhong Yao Cai, 21: 245-248.
16
Lu H, Wang G, Lan S, Yuan D, Zhan C. 1997. Clinial study of "qingjunyin" detoxification for the treatment of heroin addicts. Zhong Yao Cai, 20: 319-321.
17
Mo ZX, An SL, Zhou JY. 2006. Effects of Caulis Sinomenii and sinomenine on morphine-induced place preference and brain histamine level in mice. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 26: 1709-1713.
18
Oh KW, Eun JS, Kwon HN, Cho EY, Kim KM. 2007. Effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on the development of morphine-induced physical dependence. Arch Pharmacal Res, 30: 1111-1115.
19
Rauf K, Subhan F, Sewell RD. 2012. A Bacoside containing Bacopa monnieri extract reduces both morphine hyperactivity plus the elevated striatal dopamine and serotonin turnover. Phytother Res, 26: 758-763.
20
Shi J, Liu YL, Fang YX, Xu GZ, Zhai HF, Lu L. 2006. Traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of opiate addiction. Acta Pharmacol Sin, 27: 1303-1308.
21
Shi J, Xu GZ, Liu TT, Wang X, Shen LY, Li J, Hao W, Chen HX, Li SX, Lu L. 2008. A comparative clinical study of the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Jinniu capsules and lofexidine on acute heroin withdrawal symptoms. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 34: 792-800.
22
Takamura S, Yoshida J, Suzuki S. 1995. Effect of an extract prepared from "dai-bofu-to" on morphine withdrawal responses. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi, 105: 87-95.
23
Tiwari P, Ramarao P, Ghosal S. 2001. Effects of shilajit on the development of tolerance to morphine in mice. Phytother Res, 15: 177-179.
24
Wang W, Zhou Y, Sun J, Pan L, Kang L, Dai Z, Yu R, Jin G, Ma L. 2007. The effect of L-stepholidine, a novel extract of Chinese herb, on the acquisition, expression, maintenance, and re-acquisition of morphine conditioned place preference in rats. Neuropharmacology, 52: 355-361.
25
Wang X, Li J, Huang M, Kang L, Hu M. 2009. A study on Fu-Yuan Pellet, a traditional chinese medicine formula for detoxification of heroin addictions. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse, 35: 408-411.
26
Wang Z.2007. Asafetida extract as medicine for abstinence of drugs. Google Patents
27
Wu J, Liu YQ, Chen KJ. 1995. Experimental study on the effect of abstinence with herbal preparation composite dong yuan gao. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi, 15: 541-543.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of cardioprotective effect of silk cocoon (Abresham) on isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats
Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate cardioprotective effect of silk cocoon (Abresham) Bombyx mori (B. mori) on isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction. This study deals with the cocoons, which is called Abresham in the Unani system of medicine. It is one of the 64 drugs which Avicenna has mentioned in Avicenna’s tract on cardiac drugs and used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Abresham is a chief ingredient of the two very famous Unani formulation viz. Khamira Abresham Sada, and Khamira Abresham Hakim Arshad Wala. Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extract of B. mori (Abresham) silk cocoons in the dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight was administered orally for 28 days before isoprenaline administration to test their cardioprotective effect. Isoprenaline (85 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously on days 29th and 30th, respectively in order to induce myocardial infarction. Results: The parameters for evaluation of cardioprotective activity were the physical parameters and the biochemical estimations. The physical parameters were gross examination of heart, heart weight/body weight ratio and histopathology examination. In biochemical estimations, the activity of various cardiac enzymes such as aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, creatinine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and the gold marker troponin-I were determined. The levels altered by isoproterenol were restored significantly by the administration of the both doses of test extract especially at higher dose. Conclusion: The result of this study shows that alcoholic extract B. mori hassignificant cardioprotective activity against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_422_7c4cf819871ef7e5e7d29ab1c94083a4.pdf
2013-06-01
216
223
10.22038/ajp.2013.422
Abresham
Bombyx mori
Cardioprotective effect
Isoprenaline
Ritesh
Kumar Srivastav
kumar.ritesh99@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University, Lucknow (U.P), India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hefazat
Hussain Siddiqui
2
Advisor to V.C. Integral University, Lucknow (U.P), India
AUTHOR
Tarique
Mahmood
3
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University, Lucknow (U.P), India
AUTHOR
Farogh
Ahsan
4
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University, Lucknow (U.P), India
AUTHOR
Firoz M, Bharatesh K, Patole N, Godse V, Shikalgar T, Nikwade N. 2011. Cardioprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Callistemon lanceolatsleaves on doxorubicin induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Bangladesh J Pharmacol, 6: 24-27.
1
Muralidharan P, Balamurugan G, PK. 2008. Inotropic and cardioprotective effects of Daucus carota Linn. On isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Bangladesh J Pharmacol, 3: 74-79.
2
Murugesan M, Revathi R, Manju V. 2011. Cardioprotective effect of fenugreek on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Ind J Pharmacol, 43: 516-519.
3
Panda VS, Naik SR. 2009. Evaluation of cardioprotective activity of Ginkgo biloba and Ocimum sanctum in rodents. Altern Med Rev, 14: 161-71.
4
Rona G, Chappel CI, Balazs T, Gaudry R. 1959. An infarct-like myocardial lesion and other toxic manifestations produced by isoproterenol in the rat. AMA Arch Pathol, 67: 443- 455.
5
Saravanana Ganapathy, Senthilkumara G.P, Fredi mosesb M., Sengottuveluc S. Rajaraj T. 2010. Cardioprotective Activity of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Isoproterenol-Induced Rat Myocardial Necrosis: A Biochemical and Histoarchitectural Evaluation. Int J Pharm Sci Nanotechnol, 2; 779-784.
6
Siddiqui HH. 1962. Pharmacology of an alcoholic extract of Bombyx mori cocoons. Indian J Pharm, 24:183.
7
Subhashini N, Nagaranjan G. 2011. Cardioprotective effect of Garcinia combogia an iso- induced myocardial infarction in albino rats. The pharm professionals, 1: 91-100.
8
Suchalatha S, Shyamala CS. 2004. Effect of Arogh - A Polyherbal formulation on the marker enzymes in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. Indian J Clin Biochem, 19: 184-189.
9
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Immunomodulatory activity of geranial, geranial acetate, gingerol, and eugenol essential oils: evidence for humoral and cell-mediated responses
Objective: The immunomodulatory effect of geranial, geranial acetate, gingerol, and eugenol essential oils were evaluated by studying humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Materials and Method: The essential oils were evaluated for immunomodulatory activity in in vivo studies, using rats as the animal model. The essential oils were tested for hypersensitivity and hemagglutination reactions, using sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as the antigen while sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) served as the control in all the tests. Result: Orally administrated essential oils showed a significant increase of test parameters, viz., haemagglutinating antibody titre (HAT) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response. In rats immunized with sheep RBC, essential oils enhanced the humoral antibody response to the antigen and significantly potentiated the cellular immunity by facilitating the foot pad thickness response to sheep RBC in sensitized rats with doses of 50-800 mg/ml. Haemagglutination titre of geraniol showed the highest increase of 139.3±6.38 and with 5.9±0.7 DTH, respectively. For geranial acetate, the haemagglutination titre showed a moderate increase of 87.5±5.9 and highest increase in DTH with 5.9±0.8, respectively. Using gingerol, the haemagglutination titre showed a moderate increase with 88.2±6.306 and DTH 3.5±0.5, respectively and for eugenol, the haemaggulation titre showed a moderate increase with 112.06±6.169 and DTH 4.4±0.6, respectively. These differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: The essential oils were found to have a significant immunostimulant activity on both the specific and non-specific immune mechanisms.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_237_8e8841dc7b35d2e922ebfee187419bc2.pdf
2013-06-01
224
230
10.22038/ajp.2013.237
Geranial
Geranial Acetate
Gingerol
Eugenol
Haemagglutination
Seema
Farhath
seema_farhath@yahoo.com
1
Research Scholar, Research and Development, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India - 641 046
LEAD_AUTHOR
PP
Vijaya
2
Research Scholar, Research and Development, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India - 641 046
AUTHOR
Manivannan
Vimal
3
Department of Biotechnology, Mohamed Sathak College of Arts and Science, Chennai, India- 119. Sholinganallur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
AUTHOR
Ahmad I, Mehmood Z, Mohammad F. 1998. Screening of some Indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties. J Ethnopharmacol, 62: 183-193.
1
Benacerraf B. 1978. A hypothesis to relate the specificity of T lymphocytes and the activity of I region specific Ir genes in macrophages and B-lymphocytes. J Immunol, 120: 1809-1812.
2
Berahou A, Auhmani A, Fdil N, Benharref A, Jana M, Gadhi CA. 2007. Antibacterial activity of Quercus ilex bark’s extracts. J Ethnopharmacol, 112: 426-429.
3
Carrasco FR, Schmidt G, Romero AL, Sartoretto JL, Caparroz-Assef SM, Bersani-Amado CA, Cuman RK. 2009. Immunomodulatory activity of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Salvia officinalis L. and Syzygium aromaticum L. essential oils: evidence for humor- and cell-mediated responses. J Pharm Pharmacol, 61: 961-967.
4
Doherty NS. 1981. Selective effect of immunosuppressive agents against the delayed hypersensitive response and humoral response to sheep red blood cells in mice. Agents Actions, 11: 237-242.
5
Elgert KD. New York: Wiley; 1996. Immunology: Understanding the immune system; p. 306
6
Gabhe SY, Tatke PA, Khan TA. 2006. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of the methanol extract of Ficus benghalensis roots in rats. Indian J Pharmacol, 38: 271-275.
7
Golab M, Burdzenia O, Majewski P, Skwarlo-Sonta K. 2005. Tea tree oil inhalations modify immunity in mice. J Appl Biomed, 3: 101-108
8
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Reichling J. Plant-microbe interaction and secondary metabolites with antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal properties. In Functions of Plant Secondary Metabolites and Their Exploitation in Biotechnology, Ann Plant Rev —Wink M, ed. 1999 3 Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. 187- 273.
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Turmeric active substance, curcumin, enhanced apomorphine-induced yawning in rats
Objective: Curcumin is a major constituent of turmeric and influences many functions of the brain. In the present study, we investigated the effect of curcumin on yawning induced by apomorphine in rats. Materials and Methods: Curcumin administered orallyfor 10 consecutive days. Yawning was induced by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of apomorphine (a dopamine receptor agonist) and the number of yawns was recorded for a period of 30 min. Results: Apomorphine (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg) produced yawning. Haloperidol (a dopamine receptors antagonist) at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg partially and at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg completely inhibited apomorphine-induced yawning. Curcumin alone produced no yawning, whereas at doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg, it increased yawning induced by 0.1 mg/kg of apomorphine. Curcumin at the high doses (30 and 60 mg/kg) produced yawning when apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg) action was partially blocked with 0.5 mg/kg of haloperidol. In the presence of complete blockade of apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg) action with 0.2 mg/kg of haloperidol, curcumin did not produce yawning. Conclusion: The results showed that curcumin at high doses increased apomorphine-induced yawning. In the presence of partial, but not complete blockade of apomorphine action, curcumin produced yawning. Curcumin produced a dopamine-like effect on yawning.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_74_73ccb4678bae5dd6d7d0290eb7640601.pdf
2013-06-01
231
237
10.22038/ajp.2013.74
Apomorphine
Curcumin
Haloperidol
Rats
Yawning
Esmaeal
Tamaddonfard
e.tamaddonfard@urmia.ac.ir
1
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia 57153-1177, I.R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Agrawal SS, Gullaiya S, Dubey V, Singh V, Kumar A, Nagar A, Tiwari P. 2012. Neurodegenerative shielding by curcumin and its derivatives on brain lesions induced by 6-OHAD model of Parkinson̕ s disease in albino wistar rats. Cardiovasc Psychiotry Neurol, (Article in Press).
1
Araujo CAC, Leon LL. 2001. Biological activities of Curcuma longa L. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 96: 723-728.
2
Baenninger R. 1997. On yawning and its functions. Psychon Bull Rev, 4: 198-207.
3
Baenninger R, Greco M. 1991. Some antecedents and consequences of yawning. Psychol Rec, 41: 435-460.
4
Baggio G, Ferrari F. 1983. The role of dopaminergic receptors in the behavioral effects of lisuride in male rats. Psychopharmacol, 80: 38-42.
5
Bhutani MK, Bishoni M, Kulkarni SK. 2009. Anti-depressant like effect of curcumin and its combination with piperine in unpredictable chrovic stress-induced behavioral, biochemical and neurochemical changes. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 92: 39-43.
6
Bishoni M, Chopra K, Kulkarni SK. 2008. Protective effect of curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in haloperidole-induced orofacial dyskinesia and associated behavioral, biochemical and neurochemical changes in rat brain. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 88: 511-522.
7
Buadonpri W, Wichitnithad W, Rojsitthisak P, Towiwat P. 2009. Synthetic curcumin inhibits carrageenan-induced paw edema in arts. J health Res, 23: 11-16.
8
Collins GT, Eguibar JR. 2010. Neuropharmacology of yawning. Front Neurol Neurosci, 28: 90-106.
9
Collins GT, Newman AH, Grundt P, Rice KC, Husbands SM, Chauvignac C, Chen J, Wang S, Woods JH. 2007. Yawning and hypothermia in rats: effects of dopamine D3 and D2 agonists and antagonists. Psychopharmacol (Berlin), 193: 159-170.
10
Collins GT, Witkin GM, Newman AH, Svensson KA, Grundt P, Cao J, Woods JH. 2005. Dopamine-agonist induced yawning in rats: a dopamine D3 receptor-mediated behavior. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 314: 310-319.
11
Du XX, Xu MH, Jiang H, Song N, Wang J, Xie JX. 2012. Curcumin protects nigral dopaminergic neurons by iron-chelation in the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson̕ s disease. Neurosci Bull, 28: 253-258.
12
Hamaguchi T, Ono K, Yamada M. 2010. Review: curcumin and Alzheimer̕ s disease. CNS Neurosci Ther, 16: 285-297.
13
Hatcher H, Planalp R, Cho J, Torti FM, Torti SV. 2008. Curcumin: from ancient medicine to current clinical trails. Cell Mol Life Sci, 65: 1631-1652.
14
KingMd, McCracken DJ, Wade FM, Meiler SE, Alleyne CH Jr, Dhanadapani KM. 2011. Attenuation of hematoma size and neurological injury with curcumin following intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. J Neurosurg, 115: 116-123.
15
Kulkarni SK, Bhutani MK, Bishoni M. 2008. Antidepressant activity of curcumin: involvement of serotonin and dopamine. Psychopharmacol (Berlin), 201: 435-442.
16
Kumar TP, Antony S, gireesh G, george N, Paulose CS. 2010. Curcumin mosulates dopaminergic receptor, CREB and phospholipase C gene expression in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of stereptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biomed Sci, 17: 43.
17
Li SM, Collins GT, Paul NM, Grundt P, Newman AH, Xu M, Grandy DK, Woods JH, Katz JL. 2010. Yawning and locomotor behavior induced by dopamine receptor agonists in mice and rats. Behav Pharmacol, 21: 171-181.
18
Melis MR, Argiolas A, Gessa GL. 1987. Apomorphine-induced penile erection and yawning: site of action in brain. Brain Res, 415: 98-108.
19
Mythri RB, Bharath MM. 2012. Curcumin: a potential neuroprotective agent in Parkinson̕ s disease. Curr Pharm Des, 18: 91-99.
20
Sharma RA, Gescher AJ, Steward WP. 2005. Curcumin: the story so far. Eur J Cancer, 41: 1955-1968.
21
Sharma RA, Steward WP, Gescher AJ. 2007. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of curcumin. Adv Exp Med Biol, 595: 453-470.
22
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23
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24
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25
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26
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27
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of Zataria multiflora Boiss. and Cinnamon zeylanicum essential oils as two natural preservatives in cake
Objective: Oxidation of oils has an important effect on nutritional and organoleptic properties of foodstuffs. Nowadays, new tendency has created a necessity to use natural compounds such as essential oils for producing functional foods. In this study, antioxidant, antifungal, and organoleptic properties of Zataria multiflora Boiss.(ZMEO) and Cinnamon zeylanicum essential oils (CZEO) have been checked as two natural preservatives in the cakes. Materials and Methods:The antioxidant activity of essential oils were determined by measuring thiobarbituric, peroxide, and free fatty acid values of prepared cakes during 60 days storage at 25˚C. Antifungal properties of essential oils were determined and given as the ratio of colony number in samples containing ZMEO and CZEO to the control. Results: Different concentrations of essential oils prevented oxidation rate and reducd preliminary and secondary oxidation products compared with butylate hydroxyanisole (BHA (100 and 200 ppm)) and control cakes. Moreover, ZMEO and CZEO at three concentrations (500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) reduced the fungal growth more than samples containing BHA (100 and 200 ppm) and the control. Conclusion: Our results showed that optimum concenteration of ZMEO and CZEO for using in the cakes was 500 ppm therefore it can be replaced instead of synthetic preservatives in foodstuffs.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_490_2c64d155280e0e8a6994e9c2f35c23cb.pdf
2013-06-01
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10.22038/ajp.2013.490
Cinnamon zeylanicum
Functional food
Natural Preservative
Sponge Cake
Zataria multiflora Boiss
Habibe
Kordsardouei
1
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Barzegar
mbb@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamad Ali
Sahari
3
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmadi F, Sadeghi S, Modaressi M, Abiri R, Mikaeli A 2010. Chemical composition, invitro anti-microbial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of essential oil and methanolic extract of Himenocrater longiflorus Benth., of Iran. Food Chem Toxicol, 48: 1137-1144.
1
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28
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34
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35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of aqueous fraction of Rosa damascena on ileum contractile response of guinea pigs
Objective: The use of drugs with herbal origin is increasing for treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Rosa damascena (R. damascena) is a well-known plant suggested to have beneficial effect on GI system. In this study, the effect of aqueous fraction of R. damascena on the contractionsofisolated guinea pig ileum was investigated. Materials and Methods: Aqueous fraction of plant was obtained from ethanolic extract after ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were discarded. To evaluate effect of this fraction on ileum contraction, guinea pig ileum was removed and mounted on organ bath and its contraction was recorded. Effect of various concentrations (0.66, 0.83, and 1.3 mg/ml) of aqueous fraction on ileum contraction in comparison with Ach in presence and absense of atropine, a muscarinic antagonist of cholinergic, was evaluated. The response of ileum to 1 µg/ml of acetylcholine was considered as 100% response. Results:Our results showed that aqueous fractions of R. damascena dose-dependently increased basal guinea pigs ileum contractions (pConclusion: It is concluded that aqueous fraction of R. damascena has mild excitatory effect on ileum contraction and this fraction may be beneficial as a mild laxative agent.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_264_834be17e1719812e9448f7b9f4b0851c.pdf
2013-06-01
248
253
10.22038/ajp.2013.264
Aqueous Fractions
Cholinergic system
Guinea pig
Ileum
Rosa damascena
Karim
Dolati
1
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan
Rakhshandeh
2
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Naser
Shafei
Shafeimn@mums.ac.ir
3
Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbaszadeh M, Kazerani HR, Kamrani A. 2010. Laxative Effects of Rosa damascene Mill in Dogs. J Appl Anim Res, 38: 89-92.
1
Baydar NG, Baydar H. 2013. Phenolic compounds, antiradical activity and antioxidant capacity of oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) extracts. Ind Crop Prod, 41: 375-380.
2
Rakhshandah H , Boskabady MH, Mossavi Z , Gholami M, Saberi Z. 2010. The Differences in the Relaxant Effects of Different Fractions of Rosa damascena on Guinea Pig Tracheal Smooth Muscle. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 13: 126-132
3
Boskabady M, Shafei M, Saberi Z, Amini S. 2011. Pharmacological effects of Rosa damascena. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 14: 295-307.
4
Boskabady MH, Shirmohammadi B, Jandaghi P, Kiani S. 2004. Possible mechanism (s) for relaxant effect of aqueous and macerated extracts from Nigella sativa on tracheal chains of guinea pig." BMC pharmacology, 4: 3-4.
5
Dolati K, Rakhshandeh H, Shafei MN. 2012.Evaluation of antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena using forced swimming test. Avicenna J Phytomed, 2: 46-51.
6
Dolati K, Rakhshandeh H, Shafei MN. 2011. Antidepressant-like effect of aqueous extract from Rosa damascena in mice. Avicenna J Phytomed, 1: 91-97.
7
Epstein FH, Goyal RK, Hirano I. 1996. The enteric nervous system. New Eng J of Medicine, 334: 1106-1115.
8
Guyton AC, , Hall JE. 2006. Textbook of medical physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders: pp: 770-807.
9
Hajhashemi V, Ghannadi A, Hajiloo M. 2010. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Rosa damascena hydroalcoholic extract and its essential oil in animal models. Iran J Pharm Res, 9: 163-168.
10
Hansen M. 2003. Neurohumoral control of gastrointestinal motility. Physiological research, 52: 1-30.
11
Kazerani HR, Behnam Rassouli M .2011. The Laxative and Prokinetic Effects of Rosa damascena Mill in Rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 14: 9-16.
12
Kunze W, Furness J. 1999. The enteric nervous system and regulation of intestinal motility. Annu Rev Physiol, 61: 117-142.
13
Kwon EK, Lee DY, Lee H, Kim DO, Baek NI, Kim YE, et al. 2009. Flavonoids from the buds of Rosa damascena inhibit the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a reductase and angiotensin I-converting enzyme. J Agric Food Chem, 58: 882-886.
14
Libster M, Delmax S. 2002. Integrative Herb Guide for nurses . Albany: Delmar Thomson learning: P: 360-370.
15
Loghmani-Khouzani H, Sabzi Fini O, Safari J. 2007. Essential oil composition of Rosa damascena mill cultivated in central Iran. Scientia Iranica, 14: 316-319.
16
Mirheydar H. 1993. Plant Science. 1st ed. Vol. 3. IslamicCulture Press Iran pp. 392-396.
17
Portbury A, Pompolo S, Furness J, Stebbing M, Kunze W, Bornstein J. 1995. Cholinergic, somatostatin-immunoreactive interneurons in the guinea pig intestine: morphology, ultrastructure, connections and projections. J Anat, 187: 303–321.
18
Rakhshandeh H, Vahdati-Mashhadian N, Dolati K, Hosseini M. 2008. Antinociceptive effect of Rosa damascena in Mice. J Biol Sci, 8: 176-180.
19
Sadraei H, Asghari G, Emami S. 2012. Inhibitory effect of Rosa damascena Mill flower essential oil, geraniol and citronellol on rat ileum contraction. Res Pharm Sci, 8: 17-23.
20
Shafei MN, Rakhshandah H, Boskabady MH. 2003. Antitussive effect of Rosa damascena in guinea pigs. Iran J Pharm Res, 2: 231-234.
21
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22
Zargari A .1992. Medicinal plants. Vol 2. 5thed. TehranUniversity Press, Tehran, pp. 281-284.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ethnobotanical investigation of traditional medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of Mashhad, Iran
Objective: An ethnobotanical survey on the medicinal plant species marketed in Mashhad city, northeastern Iran, was conducted in order to document traditional medicinal knowledge and application of medicinal plants. Materials and Methods: This study was undertaken between 2011 and 2012. The indigenous knowledge of traditional healers used for medicinal purposes were collected through questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips. Ethnobotanical data was arranged alphabetically by family name followed by botanical name, vernacular name, part used, folk use, and recipe. Correct identification was made with the help of the various Floras and different herbal literature at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Herbarium (FUMH). Results: The present investigation reported medicinal information for about 269 species, belonging to 87 vascular plant families and one fungus family. The most important family was Lamiaceae with 26 species, followed by Asteraceae with 23, Fabaceae with 20, and Apiaceae with 19. Herbal medicine uses reported by herbalists was classified into 132 different uses which show significant results to treat a wide spectrum of human ailments. Plants sold at the market were mostly used for digestive system disorders, respiratory problems, urological troubles, nervous system disorders, skin problems, and gynecological ailments. Conclusion: This survey showed that although people in study area have access to modern medical facilities, a lot of them still continue to depend on medicinal plants for the treatment of healthcare problems. The present paper represents significant ethnobotanical information on medical plants which provides baseline data for future pharmacological and phytochemical studies.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_487_f5bb8f019a3dee70c31444c6753ee3f3.pdf
2013-06-01
254
271
10.22038/ajp.2013.487
Ethnobotany
Iran
Market
Mashhad
Medicinal Plants
Mohammad Sadegh
Amiri
M.S._Amiri@pnu.ac.ir
1
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Joharchi
2
Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Amin Gh. 1992. Popular Medicinal Plants of Iran. Vol. 1, Research Deputy, Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education, Tehran.
1
Amiri MS, Jabbarzadeh P, Akhondi M. 2012. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by indigenous people in Zangelanlo district, Northeast Iran. J Med Plants Res, 6: 749-753.
2
Assadi M, Maassoumi A A, Khatamsaz M, Mozaffarian V (eds.). 1988-2008. Flora of Iran. Vols. 1-60. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publications. Tehran (in Persian).
3
EmamiSA, Nadjafi F, Amine GH, Amiri MS, Khosravi Mt, Nasseri M. 2012. Les espèces de plantes médicinales utilisées par les guérisseurs traditionnels dans la province de Khorasan, nord-est de l'Iran. J Ethnopharmacol, 48: 48-59.
4
Ghorbani A. 2005. Studies on pharmaceutical ethnobotany in the region of Turkmen Sahra, north of Iran (Part1): General results. J Ethnopharmacol, 102: 58-68.
5
Hooper D, Field H. 1937. Useful plants and drugs of Iran and Iraq. Field Museum of Natural History. Botanical Series, 9: 71-241.
6
Joharchi MR, Amiri MS. 2012. Taxonomic evaluation of misidentification of crude herbal drugs marketed in Iran. Avicenna J of Phytomed, 2: 105-112.
7
Kloucek P, Polesny Z, Svobodova B, Vlkova E, Kokoska L. 2005. Antimicrobial screening of some Peruvian medicinal plants used in Calleria District. JEthno pharmacology99, 309-312.
8
Martin GJ. 1995. Ethnobotany:A Method Manual. Chapman and Hall, London. pp 267.
9
Miraldi E, Ferri S, Mostaghimi V. 2001. Botanical drugs and preparations in the traditional medicine of West Azerbaijan (Iran). J Ethnopharmacol, 75: 77-87.
10
Mosaddegh M, Naghibi F, Moazzeni H, Pirani A, Esmaeili S. 2012. Ethnobotanical survey of herbal remedies traditionally used in Kohgiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad province of Iran. J Ethnopharmacol, 141: 80-95.
11
Naghibi F, Mosaddegh M, Mohammadi Motamed S, Ghorbani A. 2005. Labiatae family in folk medicine in Iran: From ethnobotany to pharmacology. Iran J Pharm Res, 4: 63-79.
12
Rajaei P, Mohamadi N, Motamed M. 2012. Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants of Hezar Mountain Allocated in South East of Iran. Iran J Pharm Res, 11: 1153-1167.
13
Rechinger KH. 1963-2009. Flora Iranica, Akademische Druck-u Verlagsanstalt, Graz, pp. 1-176.
14
Safa O, Soltanipoor MA, Rastegar S, Kazemi M, Dehkordi Kh, Ghannadi A. 2013. An ethnobotanical survey on hormozgan province, Iran. Avicenna J Phytomed, 3: 64-81.
15
The Plant List, 2011. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ (accessed September 26,2011).
16
Yirga G. 2010.Assessment of traditional medicinal plants in Endrta District, South-eastern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. J Med Plants Res, 4: 255-260.
17
Zargari A. 1989-1992. Medicinal Plants. Tehran University Publication, Tehran, 1-5: 4678.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Histological, ultrastructural and biochemical studies on the kidney of mice treated with Carthamus tinctorius L. extract
Objective: Carthamus tinctorius L.(C. tinctorius) is used as a food additive but also has medicinal applications. The present work was designed to investigate its probable side effects on the histology and function of the kidney in the mice. Materials and Methods: Sixty adult Balb/C mice were randomly distributed into one control and three experimental groups. The control group received only distilled water, while experimental groups were administered intraperitoneally C. tinctorius at doses of 0.7, 1.4, and 2.8 mg/kg for 49 consecutive days. In the end of experiments after blood sampling, the biochemical analyses of plasma were performed. Tissue samples were also taken and structural alterations were examined using light and electron microscopes. Results: There were histological changes included decreasing in the diameter of glomerules, increase of proximal tubular lumen, tubular necrosis, leuckocyte infiltration, and massive congestion in the kidney of the 1.4 and 2.8 mg/kg C. tinctorius groups. Moreover, ultrastructural study revealed destruction of the glomerular basement membrane, shrinkage of podocyte΄s nucleus, and reduction in the number and size of microvilli in epithelial cells of renal tubules. Furthermore, the levels of creatinine in the plasma of 1.4 and 2.8 mg/kg C. tinctorius groups showed a significant increase in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that C. tinctorius extract exposure at doses of 1.4 and 2.8 mg/kg has harmful effects on the renal tissue and therefore, popular consumption of this plant should be reconsidered.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_332_95a5035b261e96ff6effa8a183e4cc64.pdf
2013-06-01
272
278
10.22038/ajp.2013.332
Carthamus tinctorius
Electron Microscopy
Histology
Kidney
Mice
Ali
Louei Monfared
alm722@gmail.com
1
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Para-Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilam, Ilam, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bahmanpour S, Vojdani Z, Panjehshahin MR, Hoballah H, Kassas H. 2012. Effects of Carthamus tinctorius on Semen Quality and Gonadal Hormone Levels in Partially Sterile Male Rats. Korean J Urol. 53: 705-710.
1
Chen XW, Plasmag ES, Sneed KB, Zhou SF. 2011. Herbal bioactivation, molecular targets and the toxicity relevance. Chem Biol Interact, 15:161-176.
2
Elias S, Basil S, Kafka R. 2002. Response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to saline soils and irrigation: I. consumptive water use. Agr water manag, 54: 67.
3
Kumar D, Kumar A, Prakash O. 2012. Potential antifertility agents from plants: A comprehensive review. J Ethnopharmacol, 140: 1-32.
4
Li Fan, Hai-Yu Z, Man X, Lei Z, Hui G, Jian H, Bao-Rong W, De-An G. 2009. Qualitative evaluation and quantitative determination of 10 major active components in Carthamus tinctorius L. by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector. J Chromat A, 1216: 2063-2070.
5
Louei Monfared A, Aziziyan H, Bahrami AM, Ahmady Asbejin S. 2012. Developmental toxicity evaluation of methanol extracts of Carthamus tinctorius L. in the Balb/C pregnant mice during organogenesis period. J Med Plants Res, 6:1623-1626.
6
Louei Monfared A, Salati AP. 2012. The effects of Carthamus tinctorius L. on placental histomorphology and survival of the neonates in mice. Avicenna J Phytomed, 2: 146-152.
7
Mass EV. 1986. Salt tolerance of plants. Appl Agric Res, 1: 12-26.
8
Mirhoseini M, Mohamadpour M, Khorsandi L. 2012. Toxic effects of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower) extract on mouse spermatogenesis. J Assist Reprod Genet, 29: 457-461.
9
Nakamura S, Terashima M, Kikuchi N, Kimura M, Maehara T, Saito A, Sato M. 2004. A new mouse model for renal Lesions produced by intravenous injection of diphtheria toxin A-chain expression plasmid. BMC Nephrol, 5: 11-15.
10
Nobakht M, Fattahi M, Hoormand M, Milanian I, Rahbar N, Mahmoudian M. 2000. A study on the teratogenic and cytotoxic effects of safflower extract. J Ethnopharmacol, 73: 453-459.
11
Panda NC. Kidney. In: Talwar GP, Srivastava LM and Moudgil KD, editors. 1989. Textbook of Biochemistry and Human Biology. 2nd ed. India: Prentice-Hall. 276-292.
12
Reynolds ES. 1963. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy. J Cell Biol, 17: 208-212.
13
Siddiqi EH, Ashraf M, Hussain M, Jamil A. 2009. Assessment of intercultivar variation for salt tolerance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) using gas exchange characteristics as selection criteria. Pak J Bot, 41: 2251-2559.
14
Suzuki K, Tsubaki S, Fujita M, Koyama N, Takabashi M, Takazawa K. 2010. Effects of safflower seed extract on arterial stiffness. Vasc Health Risk Manag, 6:1007-1014.
15
Tootian Z, Louei Momfared A, Fazelipour S, Sheibani MT, Rouhollah F, Sasani F, Molaemi E. 2012. Biochemical and structural changes of the kidney in mice exposed to phenol. Turk J Med Sci, 42: 695-703.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preventive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of saffron on hematological parameters of experimental asthmatic rats
Objective: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory airways distinguished by edema and infiltration of inflammatory immune cells. To test our hypothesis about the anti-inflammatory effect of saffron, we examined effects of Crocus sativus (C. sativus) extract as a prophylactic anti-inflammatory agent in sensitized rats. Materials and Methods: To induce experimental asthma, rats were sensitized with injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (OA). Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n=8 for each): control, sensitized (asthma), and sensitized and pretreated with three different concentrations of extract, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, 2 times a week (group asthma+50EX, group asthma+100EX, and group asthma+200EX). After 32 days, total white blood cells (WBC) counts, red blood cells (RBC), and platelet counts in blood were examined. Results: Total WBC number and eosinophil and neutrophil percentage in blood were increased, but lymphocyte decreased in sensitized animals compared with those of control group (pConclusion: Our findings indicated that the extract of C. sativus could be useful to prevent asthma as an anti-inflammatory treatment.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_656_7a3b66a4fe5c9e64801286f27464f2f5.pdf
2013-06-01
279
287
10.22038/ajp.2013.656
Asthma
Crocus sativus
Inflammation
Rat
Sensitization
WBC
Somayyeh
Vosooghi
s_vosooghi23@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Boshruyeh, South Khorasan, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Mahmoudabady
mahmoudabadym@mums.ac.ir
2
Applied Physiology Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Neamati
aneamati@mshdiau.ac.ir
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Heydar
Aghababa
heydar-aghababa@iaua.ac.ir
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
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27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Peganum harmala intoxication, a case report
Objective: Peganum harmala (P. harmala), “Espand” in Persian, has small seeds and has been used in traditional medicine as emmenagogue and an abortifacient. It has various pharmacological effects such as antifungal, antibacterial, hypothermic, anticancer, antinociceptive, and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibition. Case details: This case was a 45 years old woman who ingested about 50 grams seed of P. harmala for hypermenorrhae. She suffered nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tremor, ataxia, and confusion. On physical examination, she had hypotension (BP=90/60 mmHg) with normal heart rate (60 beat/min) and impaired knee to heel test. Her consciousness was reduced without any hallucination. Her laboratory test was normal. She was discharged at good condition 18 hours later. Conclusion: In conclusion, physicians working in Iran and other regions that P. harmala is prescribed or used illegally, should know signs and symptoms of its toxicity in order to be able to deal with the emergencies, however, prognosis of these toxicity is not bad.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_475_372bbb81e20440696b43c92901fa8e47.pdf
2013-06-01
288
292
10.22038/ajp.2013.475
case report
Espand
Harmalin
Iran
Peganum harmala
Mohammad
Moshiri
1
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Leila
Etemad
2
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Soheila
Javidi
3
Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Anahita
Alizadeh
Alizadehan@mums.ac.ir
4
Pediatrician-Toxicology Fellowship of Toxicology ward of Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ben Salah N, Amamou M, et al. 1986. A case of overdose with Peganum harmala L. J Toxicol Clin Exp, 6: 319-322.
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12