ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Reduction of serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rats by Guar gum
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_21_affef6f90a1f0f7b44f002ca791ee7c2.pdf
2011-12-01
1
3
10.22038/ajp.2011.21
Mohammad Reza
Haeri
1
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Coriandrum sativum extracts on glucose/serum deprivation-induced neuronal cell death
Objective: This study was planned to investigate whetherCoriandrum sativum (C. sativum) is capable of protecting neurons against glucose/serum deprivation (GSD)-induced cytotoxicity.
Material and Methods: The PC12 cells were cultivated for 24 h in standard media (high-glucose DMEM containing Fetal Bovine Serum) or for 6 h in GSD condition (glucose-free DMEM, without serum) in the absence or presence of various concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mg/ml) of hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE), water fraction (WF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) or N-butanol fraction (NBF) of this plant. At the end of the treatments, the cell viability was determined using MTT assay.
Results: With the exception of 1.6 mg/ml of EAF or NBF which decreased cell survival, the HAE and its fractions exhibited no cytotoxicity under standard condition. Exposure of the cells to GSD condition showed 52% decrease in the viability. In this condition, the HAE, EAF and NBF not only failed to increase cell viability but also increased the toxicity. On the other hand, WF at 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mg/ml significantly attenuated the GSD-induced decrease in cell survival.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that C. sativum bearing water-soluble compound(s) could induce neuroprotective activity. Also, we showed that some constituents from this plant may serve as cytotoxic agents under stressful conditions like hypoglycemia and serum limitation.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_22_9b0873a251c1de197d04e4777c5e781d.pdf
2011-12-01
4
9
10.22038/ajp.2011.22
Coriandrum sativum
Glucose/serum deprivation
Neuroprotective
PC12
Ahmad
Ghorbani
1
Neyshabur Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan
Rakhshandeh
2
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Elham
Asadpour
3
Department of Pharmacology, Department of New Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid Reza
Sadeghnia
4
Department of Pharmacology, Department of New Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Possible mechanism(s) of the relaxant effect of asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida) oleo-gum-resin extract on guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle
Objective: Asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida) is known as a valuable remedy for whooping cough, pneumonia, bronchitis in children and asthma treatment in folk medicine. In the present study the relaxant effects of the asafoetida on tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs and its probable mechanism(s) were examined.
Materials and Methods: The relaxant effects of three cumulative concentrations of the aqueous extract (2, 5 and 10 mg/ml), theophylline (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mM) and saline were examined on non-incubated tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pig precontracted by 10 µM methacholine (group 1); preincubated tissues by propranolol and chlorpheniramine, contracted by methacholine (group 2) and preincubated tissues by propranolol, contracted by methacholine (group 3), (n=6 for each group).
Results: All concentrations of theophylline in group 1 and all concentrations of the extract in the other three groups showed significant relaxant effects compared to that of saline (p<0.001 for all cases). There was not significant difference in the relaxant effect of the extract between three groups. The relaxant effects of two last concentrations of the extract (5 and 10 mg/ml) only in group 2 were significantly lower than that of theophylline (p<0.05 for both case). There was no significant difference between relaxant effects of the extract and theophylline in group 2. There were significant positive correlations between the relaxant effects of the extract with their concentrations in all three groups (p<0.001 for all cases).
Conclusion: These results showed a potent relaxant effect for the asafoetida extract on tracheal smooth muscle which is perhaps due to muscarinic receptor blockade.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_23_260c74f186844f3d52980baa40c8311c.pdf
2011-12-01
10
16
10.22038/ajp.2011.23
Ferula Assafoetida
Aqueous gum extract
Relaxant effects
Guinea pig
Tracheal smooth muscle
Zahra
Gholamnezhad
1
Department of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Goltaj
Byrami
2
Department of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Boskabady
Boskabadymh@mums.ac.ir
3
Department of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Iranshahi
4
Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preparation and characterization of liposomes containing methanol extract of aerial parts of Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco
Objective:Platycladus orientalis or Thuja orientalis is a native plant of Iran different parts of which are used in the treatment of various diseases such as: gout, rheumatoid arthritis, common cold, cough, bronchitis, asthma, high blood pressure and hormonal disorders like hirsutism and baldness. Also, various organs of this species have been used as appetizer. The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize liposomal formulations that contain methanol extract of aerial parts of P. orientalis for hirsutism treatment.
Material and Methods: Plant’s leaves were dried in room temperature, and powdered by grinding. Then, methanol extract was prepared by maceration method. Liposomes containing mathanol extract were produced by two methods of fusion and solvent evaporation. To evaluate mathanol extract and encapsulation efficiency of liposomes, quercetin was chosen as standard. The amount of quercetin in samples was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
Results: Mean size of liposomes prepared by solvent evaporation and fusion methods was 373 and 320 nm, respectively. According to the quercetin concentration, encapsulation efficiency of liposomes containing menthanol extract was 69.3±3.1% for solvent evaporation and 62.2±4.9% for fusion method.
Conclusion: In the current study, a suitable liposomal formulation was prepared. The pharmacological activity of these carriers should be evaluated in the future study.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_24_458ace8b5ff70a3aaab33da30d9540a4.pdf
2011-12-01
17
23
10.22038/ajp.2011.24
Platycladus orientals
Hirsutism
Liposomes
HPLC
Javad
Asili
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Navid
Mosallaei
2
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Shaterzadeh
3
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Bizhan
Malaekeh-Nikouei
malaekehb@mums.ac.ir
4
Nanotechnology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of aqueous saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice
Objective: In the present study, the effects of aqueous saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice were investigated.
Materials and Methods: Subcutaneous administration of morphine (40 mg/kg for four days) produced place preference. Intraperitoneal administration of aqueous extract (40 and 80 mg/kg for four days) 30 min before the morphine administration decreased the acquisition of morphine CPP. In other groups of animal, following extinction of a place preference induced by morphine (40 mg/kg), single administration of morphine (10 mg/kg) reinstated the place reference. The aqueous extract (80 mg/kg) 30 min before this priming dose of morphine blocked morphine-induced reinstatement of place preference.
Results: These results show that aqueous saffron extract can reduce the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_25_5b54fdffe88748310af6ed44f248c8b2.pdf
2011-12-01
24
30
10.22038/ajp.2011.25
Aqueous saffron extract
Crocus sativus L
CPP (conditioned place preference)
Morphine
Mice
Hossein
Hosseinzadeh
1
Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Imenshahidi
imenm@mums.ac.ir
2
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Alireza
Arasteh
3
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindle on histopathology of pancreas and diabetes treatment in STZ- induced diabetic rats
Objectives: This study investigates the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindle (P.f) on rats' pancreas structure changes and diabetic treatment after streptozotocin injection.
Materials and Methods: In this research forty male Wistar rats with body weights of 100±20 gram, were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 rats per each group. Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin at a dose of 75 mg/kg body weight (B.W) injected intraperitoneally. Root and leaves with stems hydroalcoholic extract of P.f at a dose of 100 mg/kg B.W have been injected orally in diabetic rats, daily for a month.
Results: Significant decrease in blood glucose, WBC and HbA1c and increase in body weight were observed in treated diabetic rats. Histopathologic results of diabetic rats revealed reduction in number of pancreatic islets as well as their number of β-cells and insulitis with lymphocytes infiltration. Regeneration of pancreatic islets and β-cells, along with a reduction in the number of infiltrated lymphocytes were present in plant extract –treated diabetic rats.
Conclusion: The roots´ hydro-alcoholic extract of P.f seems to be capable to regenerate the islets of Langerhans in the treated rats in comparison with the untreated diabetic rats. This property can be due to some components of the plant that can increase insulin secretion.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_26_44727619006e910bc306a717dc524054.pdf
2011-12-01
31
38
10.22038/ajp.2011.26
Insulitis
Diabetes Mellitus
Prangos ferulacea (L
) Lindle
Khosro
Soltani band
Bandsoltani@yahoo.com
1
Histology and Embriology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Najme
Kafash Farkhad
2
Histology and Embriology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Farah
Farokhi
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,Urmia University, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Amir
Togmechi
4
Department Artemias research,Faculty of Veterinarity, Urmia University, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of nitric oxide or opioid receptors involvement in antinociceptive properties of silymarin
Objective: It has been shown that Silybum marianum or its extracts have hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in neurotransmission, neuroprotection, neurotoxicity and pathological pain, as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the central nervous system. Therefore, this experiment was performed in order to assess the analgesic effects of single and multiple-dosed ip administration of silymarin and the probable role of nitric oxide or opioid receptors using tail flick assay.
Results: Based on our results, only silymarin 100 mg/kg showed analgesic properties. Since naloxone did not change silymarin’s analgesic effects, it is concluded that opioid receptors are not involved. Although in the presence of L-arginine, analgesic effect of silymarin remained intact, but it is not possible to strongly determine the involvement of nitric oxide pathway here. Based on our results, the difference between anti nociceptive properties of single and multiple-dosed treatment of silymarin 100 mg/kg is not significant.
Conclusion: It is concluded that silymarin exert its analgesic effects via other mechanisms. Inhibiting 5-lipooxygenase and neutrophil chemotaxis to inflammation location could be the probable ways of silymarin’s action.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_27_88b88182a6d5744a534cb3fb039549a6.pdf
2011-12-01
39
45
10.22038/ajp.2011.27
Silymarin
Tail flick
L-NAME
Opioid receptors
Mohsen
Imenshahidi
imenm@mums.ac.ir
1
Pharmaceutical Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Ramin
Rezaee
2
Medical Toxicology Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Amin
Mostofi
3
Medical Toxicology Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Karimi
Karimig@mums.ac.ir
4
Medical Toxicology Research Center and Pharmacy School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena using forced swimming test
Objective: Rosa damascena mill L (R. damascena) is a medicinal plant mostly known in the world for its perfume. It also has beneficial effects on stress, tension and depression. In this experiment antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of R. damascena by forced swimming test (FST) was evaluated.
Material and Methods: Animals received ethanolic extract (15, 60 and 90 mg/kg, i.p), imipramine (15mg/kg, i.p; positive control), or saline (negative control). Thirty min post- injection, immobility and swimming times were measured and compared in the different studied groups.
Results: Intraperitoneal injection of lower concentration of extract (15 mg/kg) did not change swimming and immobility times compared to the control group. The higher concentrations of extract (60 and 90 mg/kg) significantly increased immobility time and decreased swimming time. Therefore ethanolic extract at tested doses had no antidepressant effect in this study.
Conclusion: Although ethanolic extract did not have antidepressant effect, we cannot rule out this effect altogether. In our opinion, antidepressant effect is masked by CNS depression effect of ethanolic extract of R. damascena.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_28_6e2899c330d8f940031d96e63a6f8beb.pdf
2011-12-01
46
51
10.22038/ajp.2011.28
Rosa damascena
Mice
Immobility time
Antidepressant effect
Ethanolic extract
Karim
Dolati
1
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan
Rakhshandeh
2
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Naser
Shafei
Shafeimn@mums.ac.ir
3
Neuroscience Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR