eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
96
113
10.22038/ajp.2018.22810.1848
10204
The effectiveness and safety of Iranian herbal medicines for treatment of premenstrual syndrome: A systematic review
Nahid Maleki-Saghooni
malekisn931@mums.ac.ir
1
Fatemeh Zahra Karimi
mastermid63@gmail.com
2
Zahra Behboodi Moghadam
behboodi@tums.ac.ir
3
Khadigeh Mirzaii Najmabadi
mirzaiikh@google.com
4
Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Objective: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common problems among women of reproductive age. The popularity of complementary/alternative therapies has grown in recent years, and these treatments have been more commonly used by women (48.9%) than men (37.8%). The aim of this systematic review was to assess effectiveness and safety of Iranian herbal medicines for treatment of premenstrual syndrome. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched along with SID, Magiran and Irandoc up to Dec 2017. Inclusion criteria consist of Iranian, published, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using Iranian herbal medicine for treatment of reproductive age women with PMS. Eventually Eighteen RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Results: Overall, studies have shown that Vitex agnuscastus, Hypericum perforatum, Matricaria chamomilla, saffron, Curcumin, Melissa officinalis, Zataria multiflora,Wheat Germ Extract, Echinophora platyloba, Foeniculum vulgare, Valerian root extract, Citrus sinensis, Zingiber officinale andFlax seed might alleviate symptoms of PMS. Conclusion: This research demonstrated efficacy and safety of Iranian herbal medicines in alleviating PMS. Therefore, herbal medicine can be regarded as an alternative treatment for women suffering from PMS.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10204_ec3828dc3b7e0408c7a8746e635c9b37.pdf
Herbal medicines
Premenstrual Syndrome
Systematic review
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
114
121
10.22038/ajp.2017.18152.1707
9880
The field efficacy of Nigella sativa and Berberis vulgaris methanolic extracts against Haemoproteus columbae
Mostafa Razavi
mrazavi@shirazu.ac.ir
1
Mohammad Asadpour
asadpour_m@shirazu.ac.ir
2
Hossein Malekpour
pmaleki2000@yahoo.com
3
Arash Jafari
arash.jafari87@gmail.com
4
Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Objective: The methanolic extracts of Nigella sativaL. seeds (MENS) and Berberis vulgaris L.(MEBV) were investigated for treatment of Haemoproteus columbae-infected pigeons (Columba livia domestica). Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty naturally-infected pigeons were randomly divided into four groups of thirty each. Two groups were treated separately with the extracts, while the positive and negative control groups were given buparvaquone (Butalex®) and distilled water, respectively. The parasitaemia rate was calculated in all groups before and after the experiment at four-day intervals for16 days. Results: The results showed a high therapeutic effect for MENS with a progressive decrease in average parasitaemia rate from 18.17% before treatment to 0.73% at the end of treatment (p<0.05), while Butalex® was able to suppress the parasitemia rate from 18.90% before treatment to 0.23% at the end of experiment (p<0.05). However, no significant changes in parasitemia rate were evident in groups treated with MEBV (p>0.05). Conclusion: Methanolic extracts of N. sativa showed therapeutic effects against H. columbae and may be regarded as a suitable choice for further studies to develop new drugs against blood parasites, in both animals and human beings.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_9880_f1482e354275f9daf384d445a5d802fe.pdf
Nigella Sativa
Berberis vulgaris
Haemoproteus columbae
Pigeon
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
122
135
10.22038/ajp.2017.23177.1859
9565
Evaluation of cytotoxic effects and acute and chronic toxicity of aqueous extract of the seeds of Calycotome villosa (Poiret) Link (subsp. intermedia) in rodents
Badiaa Lyoussi
lyoussi@gmail.com
1
Khadija Cherkaoui Tangi
cher.khadija@gmail.com
2
Nicole Morel
nicole.morel@uclouvain.be
3
Mohamed Haddad
m.haddad@uclouvain.be
4
Joelle leclercq
joelle.leclercq@uclouvain.be
5
Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez, Morocco
Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez, Morocco
Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
GNOS research group, Louvain Drug Research Inistitute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
GNOS research group, Louvain Drug Research Inistitute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
Objective: The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of an aqueous extract of the seeds of Calycotome villosa (Poiret) Link (subsp. intermedia) by determining its cytotoxicity and potential toxicity after acute and sub-chronic administration in rodents. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic activity was tested in cancer and non-cancer cell lines HeLa, Mel-5, HL-60 and 3T3. Acute toxicity tests were carried out in mice by a single oral administration of Calycotome seed-extract (0 - 12 g/kg) as well as intraperitoneal doses of 0 - 5 g/kg. Sub-chronic studies were conducted in Wistar rats by administration of oral daily doses for up to 90 days. Changes in body and vital organ weights, mortality, haematology, clinical biochemistry and histologic morphology were evaluated. Results: The lyophilized aqueous extract of C. villosa exhibited a low cytotoxicity in all cell lines tested with an IC50 > 100 µg/ml. In the acute study in mice, intra-peritoneal administration caused dose-dependent adverse effects and mortality with an LD50 of 4.06 ± 0.01 g/kg.In the chronic tests, neither mortality nor visible signs of lethality was seen in rats. Even AST and ALT were not affected while a significant decrease in serum glucose levels, at 300 and 600 mg/kg was detected. Histopathological examination of the kidney and liver did not show any alteration or inflammation at the end of treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, the aqueous extract of C. villosa seed appeared to be non-toxic and did not produce mortality or clinically significant changes in the haematological and biochemical parameters in rats.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_9565_6cd264601f336f605da0aaa73df0c204.pdf
Calycotome villosa (Link Subsp. Intermedia) seed
Cytotoxicity
Acute and chronic toxicity
Clinical Chemistry
Hematology
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
136
142
10.22038/ajp.2017.20763.1788
9605
In vitro and in vivo evaluations of Pelargonium roseum essential oil activity against Trichomonas gallinae
Mohaddeseh Abouhosseini Tabari
m_abuhoseini@yahoo.com
1
Mohammad reza Youssefi
youssefi2010@gmail.com
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
Objective: Pelargonium roseum Willd.(Geraniaceae) is widely grown as an ornamental plant due to its strong pleasant rose-like odor. The present study evaluates the antitrichomonal effect of P. roseum essential oil (EO) against Trichomonas gallinae both in vitro and in vivo and compares it to that of metronidazole (MTZ) as a standard antitrichomonal drug. Materials and Methods: In vitro assays were accomplished in multi-well plates containing MTZ and EO at final concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg/mL. In vivo assay was carried out on 40 experimentally infected pigeons receiving MTZ and EO at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Results: The 24-hr MIC of MTZ was 10 µg/mL, while for EO it was 20 µg/mL. Treatment with MTZ 50 mg/kg after 4 days led to full recovery of infected pigeons however EO 50 mg/kg resulted in the same outcome after 5 days. No mortality or clinical side effects were seen in treated birds. Conclusion: The present study introduced P. roseum EO as a potent natural antitrichomonal agent effective against T. gallinae. Bioactive components of P. roseum can be used as potential therapeutic compounds in development of novel antitrichomonal drugs.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_9605_633dd44be3809dfae12b471dfa5c885e.pdf
Pelargonium roseum
Avian trichomoniasis
Metronidazole
Trichomonas gallinae
Pigeon
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
143
151
10.22038/ajp.2017.24232.1887
9920
Protective effects of long-term administration of Ziziphus jujuba fruit extract on cardiovascular responses in L-NAME hypertensive rats
Reza Mohebbati
mohebbatir931@mums.ac.ir
1
Kosar Bavarsad
bavarsadk911@mums.ac.ir
2
Maryam Rahimi
rahimim921@mums.ac.ir
3
Hasan Rakhshandeh
rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir
4
Abolfazl Khajavirad
khajavirada@mums.ac.ir
5
Mohammad Naser Shafei
shafeimn@mums.ac.ir
6
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Objective: Ziziphus jujuba stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO). Because NO is involved in cardiovascular regulations, in this study the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Z. jujuba on cardiovascular responses in acute NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into 6 group (n=6): 1) saline, 2) L-NAME received (10mg/kg) intravenously, 3) sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (50µg/kg)+L-NAME group received SNP before L-NAME and 4-6) three groups of Z. jujuba (100, 200 and 400mg/kg) that treated for four weeks and on the 28th day, L-NAME was injected. Femoral artery and vein were cannulated for recording cardiovascular responses and drug injection, respectively. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded continuously. Maximal changes (∆) of SBP, MAP and HR were calculated and compared to control and L-NAME groups. Results: In L-NAME group, maximal ΔSBP (L-NAME: 44.15±4.0 mmHg vs control: 0.71±2.1 mmHg) and ΔMAP (L-NAME: 40.8±4.0 mmHg vs control: 0.57±1.6 mmHg) significantly increased (p0.05). All doses of Z. jujuba attenuated maximal ∆SBP and ∆MAP induced by L-NAME but only the lowest dose (100 mg/kg) had significant effects (ΔSBP: 20.36±5.6 mmHg vs L-NAME: 44.1±4.0 mmHg and ΔMAP: 20.8±4.5 mmHg vs L-NAME: 40.8±3.8 mmHg (p0.05). Conclusion: Because long-term consumption of Z. jujuba extract, especially its lowest dose, attenuated cardiovascular responses induced by L-NAME, we suggest that Z. jujuba has potential beneficial effects in prevention of hypertension induced by NO deficiency.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_9920_112f770928c8f220ad526b4180bbcd81.pdf
Ziziphus jujuba
Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
blood pressure
Hypertension
Nitric oxide
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
152
160
10.22038/ajp.2017.23107.1856
9682
Effects of IMOD™ on angiogenesis, miR-503 and CDC25 expression levels in heart tissue of diabetic male rats
Arshad Ghaffari-Nasab
ghaffari_arshad@yahoo.com
1
Fariba Mirzaei Bavil
bavil2000@yahoo.com
2
Rafigheh Ghiasi
faghiasi2@gmail.com
3
Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
saeed.sadigetegad@gmail.com
4
Mohammad Reza Alipour
alipourmr52@gmail.com
5
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Objective: Diabetes is associated with vascular complications and impaired angiogenesis. Since angiogenesis plays a crucial role in vascular homeostasis in ischemic heart diseases, in this study, the effect of IMOD™ on miR-503 and CDC25 expression level which are altered in impaired angiogenesis were investigated in heart tissue of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomly classified into 4 groups: control (C), IMOD™ (I), diabetes (D), and diabetes+IMOD™ (D+I). For induction of experimental diabetes in animals, a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ; 60mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. After 8 weeks of treatment with IMOD™ (20 mg/kg/day), heart tissue samples were removed and used for measurement of miR-503 and CDC25 expression level as well as histological studies. Results: Results of this study showed that diabetes decreased heart tissue angiogenesis which was associated with increased miR-503 and reduced CDC25 expression levels (p<0.05) and IMOD™ could reduce the expression of miR-503 and increase the expression of CDC25 (p<0.05). Moreover, IMOD™ extensively induced angiogenesis in the heart tissue of diabetic group. However, IMOD™ had no significant effect on expressions of miR-503 and CDC25, or angiogenesis in healthy rats. Conclusion: This study showed that IMOD™ is able to increase angiogenesis in the heart tissue of diabetic rats. The angiogenic effect of IMOD™ is associated with reduction of miR-503 expression and increased expression of CDC25.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_9682_8369912f1f26b0033094a7442ff8ef61.pdf
Diabetes
Angiogenesis
miR-503
CDC25
IMOD
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
161
169
10.22038/ajp.2017.21556.1812
9965
A comparison of the effects of Portulaca oleracea seeds hydro-alcoholic extract and Vitamin C on biochemical, hemodynamic and functional parameters in cardiac tissue of rats with subclinical hyperthyroidism
Hadi Khodadadi
khodadadih921@mums.ac.ir
1
Roghayeh Pakdel
pakdelr901@mums.ac.ir
2
Majid Khazaei
khazaeim@mums.ac.ir
3
Saeed Niazmand
niazmands@mums.ac.ir
4
Kowsar Bavarsad
bavarsadk911@mums.ac.ir
5
Mousa-al-reza Hajzadeh
hajzadehmr@mums.ac.ir
6
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Objective: The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Portulaca oleracea (P. oleracea) seeds and Vitamin C on biochemical and hemodynamic parameters in cardiac tissue of rats with subclinical hyperthyroidism. Materials and Methods: Forty eight male rats were divided into six groups of 8 and treated for 4 weeks. T4 group received daily injection of levothyroxine sodium (20 μg/kg) and control group was given daily injection of saline. T4-Po groups were given T4 plus 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of P. oleracea seeds extract in drinking water daily. T4-Vit C group received T4 plus daily injection of Vitamin C (100 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, body weight, serum free T4 level, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total thiol levels were measured. Results: Free T4 levels were increased in all groups that were treated with T4. Weight gain was decreased in T4 and T4-Po100 groups compared to control group (p Conclusion: The results showed that P. oleracea extract has a protective effect on cardiac dysfunction due to subclinical hyperthyroidism induced by levothyroxine sodium in rats.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_9965_492b546fa2352e5bea0f9851c4699e87.pdf
Portulaca oleracea seeds
Vitamin C
Heart
Subclinical hyperthyroidism
Rat
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
170
178
10.22038/ajp.2017.21952.1824
10001
Preventive effects of the aqueous extract of Cichorium intybus L. flower on ethylene glycol-induced renal calculi in rats
Mahdieh Emamiyan
mahdie.zaman@yahoo.com
1
Gholamhassan Vaezi
mahdie.imamian@gmail.com
2
Maryam Tehranipour
maryamdayani1@yahoo.com
3
Khdije Shahrohkabadi
shahrokhabady@yahoo.com
4
Abdolhossein Shiravi
shiravi738@yahoo.com
5
Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Molecular Genetic Ph.D, Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
Objective: Urolithiasis remains a global problem. Despite the availability of numerous methods, no definite therapeutic agent has been yet introduced for the prevention or treatment of kidney stones. In this study, we evaluated the possible preventive effects of aqueous extract of Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) flowers on ethylene glycol-induced renal calculi in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and were treated for 30 days. Group A received drinking tap water, while groups B, C, and D were administered with 1% ethylene glycol for induction of calcium oxalate stone formation. Rats in groups C and D received intraperitoneal injections of the aqueous extract of chicory flowers (50 and 200 mg/kg, respectively) since the first day of the experiment. The urine volume, urine pH, and urinary levels of oxalate, citrate, calcium, uric acid, and creatinine as well as serum levels of calcium, uric acid, and creatinine were measured. After 30 days, the rats' kidneys were removed and prepared for histological evaluation of calcium oxalate deposits. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's test, was performed, using SPSS version 20. Results: The number of calcium oxalate crystals was significantly higher in group B (ethylene glycol-only treated animals), compared to group A (control), group C (50 mg/kg of aqueous extract), and group D (200 mg/kg of aqueous extract) (p<0.05). On day 30, the urine level of citrate, oxalate (p>0.05), and creatinine (p<0.05), as well as urine pH (p<0.05) decreased in groups C and D, compared to group B. Also, urine calcium level, urine uric acid (p>0.05), and urine volume (p<0.05) were higher in group D, compared to group B. In addition, the serum level of calcium, creatinine (p<0.05), and uric acid (p<0.001) decreased in groups C and D. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of chicory flower (50 mg/kg) could reduce the number of calcium oxalate deposits in the urine and reduce the level of serum parameters.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10001_a005539ffc6c381d69db7ae1a7cc1fbb.pdf
Cichorium intybus L
Flower
Renal calculi
Ethylene glycol
eng
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
2228-7930
2228-7949
2018-03-01
8
2
179
187
10.22038/ajp.2018.10396
10396
Doxorubicin-induced renal inflammation in rats: Protective role of Plantago major
Nazanin Entezari Heravi
entezarin931@mums.ac.ir
1
Sara Hosseinian
hoseinians@mums.ac.ir
2
Zohreh Naji Ebrahimi Yazd
najiez921@mums.ac.ir
3
Mohammad Naser Shafei
shafeimn@mums.ac.ir
4
Alireza Ebrahimzadeh
ebrahimzadehba@mums.ac.ir
5
Samira Shahraki
shahrakis921@mums.ac.ir
6
Zahra Samadi
samadinz941@mums.ac.ir
7
Fatemeh Motejadded
motejadedf1@mums.ac.ir
8
Farimah Beheshti
beheshtif1@thums.ac.ir
9
Reza Mohebbati
mohebbatir931@mums.ac.ir
10
Soghra Parhizgar
parhizgars1@mums.ac.ir
11
Abolfazl Khajavirad
khajavirada@mums.ac.ir
12
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran
Department of physiology, School of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran
Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of Plantago major (P. major) extract against doxorubicin (DXR)-induced renal inflammation in rats. Materials and Methods: 80 male albino rats were randomly divided into 8 groups as follows: control, DXR, Ext (extract) 600, Ext1200, dexamethasone+DXR, vitamin E+DXR, Ext600+DXR, and Ext1200+DXR. Duration of the study was 35 days and DXR was intravenously injected on the 7th day of the experiment. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression levels were assessed in the left kidney. Serum creatinine concentration and osmolarity were determined on the 1st, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days of the experiment. Results: DXR caused a significant increase in renal expression of MCP-1 and TNF-α production compared to control animals. Administration of dexamethasone, vitamin E and P. major extract significantly improved the expression of these inflammatory mediators compared to DXR group. Compared to day 1 in DXR group, serum osmolarity showed a significant increase on days 21, 28 and 35. Also, on these days, serum osmolarity in DXR group was significantly higher than that on the same days in control group. In Vit E+DXR and Ext 1200+DXR groups, there was no significant changes in serum osmolarity among different days of the study. However, in these groups, serum osmolarity on days 21, 28 and 35 showed a significant decrease compared to the same days in DXR group. Conclusion: Present results suggest that hydroethanolic extract of P. major protected renal tissue against DXR–induced renal inflammation.
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_10396_a13b50990ab2ed89a21498ee795facf1.pdf
Plantago major
Doxorubicin
Vitamin E
Dexamethasone
Inflammation