The effect of hydroalcoholic extract and essential oil of Heracleum persicum on lipid profile in cholesterol-fed rabbits
Valiollah
Hajhashemi
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
author
Gholamreza
Dashti
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
author
Salabali
Saberi
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
author
Parvin
Malekjamshidi
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract and essential oil of Heracleum persicum (Apiaceae) on lipid profile of male hyperlipidemic rabbits. Materials and Methods: Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into six groups of five each. One group received normal diet and the other groups fed with a high cholesterol (2% W/W) diet for 7 weeks. Vehicle, hydroalcoholic extract (500 and 1000 mg/kg), essential oil (200 ml/kg), and lovastatin (5 mg/kg) were administered orally to animals and their effects on lipid profile were evaluated. Results: Essential oil of H. perscum significantly (p<0.05) lowered serum triglyceride level and increased HDL-cholesterol concentration. Moreover, hydroalcoholic extract (1000 mg/kg), essential oil (200 ml/kg), and lovastatin significantly (p<0.01) reduced serum concentration of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Conclusion: These findings suggest that essential oil of the plant fruits may have some benefits in reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
144
150
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2274_0f4392f00f9c758950e8c4fd44d0fa9e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.2274
Evaluation of anti-urolithiatic effect of aqueous extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) leaves using ethylene glycol-induced renal calculi
Apexa Bhanuprasad
Shukla
Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Sir Takhtsinhji General Hospital, Bhavnagar-364001 (Gujarat), IndiaHospital, Bhavnagar-364001 (Gujarat), India
author
Divyesh Rasikbhai
Mandavia
Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Sir Takhtsinhji General Hospital, Bhavnagar-364001 (Gujarat), India
author
Manish Jasmatbhai
Barvaliya
Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Sir Takhtsinhji General Hospital, Bhavnagar-364001 (Gujarat), India
author
Seema Natvarlal
Baxi
Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Sir Takhtsinhji General Hospital, Bhavnagar-364001 (Gujarat), India
author
Chandrabhanu Rajkishore
Tripathi
Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Sir Takhtsinhji General Hospital, Bhavnagar-364001 (Gujarat), India
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: To investigate the anti-urolithiatic effect of aqueous extract of leaves of Bryophyllum pinnatum (B. pinnatum) on ethylene glycol-induced renal calculi. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six Wistar male rats were randomly divided into six equal groups. group A animals received distilled water for 28 days. Group B to group F animals received 1% v/v ethylene glycol in distilled water for 28 days and group B served as ethylene glycol control. Groups C and D (preventive groups) received aqueous extract of leaves of B. pinnatum 50 and 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally, respectively for 28 days. Groups E and F (treatment groups) received aqueous extract of leaves of B. pinnatum 50 and 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally, respectively from 15th to 28th day. On days 0 and 28, 24 hrs urine samples were collected for urinary volume and urinary oxalate measurement. On day 28, blood was collected for serum creatinine and blood urea level monitoring. All animals were sacrificed and kidneys were removed, weighed, and histopathologically evaluated for calcium oxalate crystals deposition. Results: Administration of aqueous extract of leaves of B. pinnatum reduced urine oxalate level significantly, as compared with Group B (p<0.001). Serum creatinine and blood urea level were improved significantly in all aqueous extract of leaves of B. pinnatum-treated groups. Relative kidney weight and calcium oxalate depositions were found significantly reduced in animals received ABP as compared with Group B (p<0.001). Conclusion: B. pinnatum is effective in prevention and treatment of ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
151
159
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1974_03acceb6c5531b7c503e4cef11f1ef58.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.1974
Treatment of hypercholesterolemia: screening of Solanum macrocarpon Linn (Solanaceae) as a medicinal plant in Benin
Tamègnon Victorien
Dougnon
Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Interfaculty Center of Formation and Research in Environment for the Sustainable Development, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01 PO Box 1463 Cotonou, Benin
author
Honoré Sourou
Bankolé
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Jean Robert
Klotoé
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Maximin
Sènou
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Lauris
Fah
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Hornel
Koudokpon
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Casimir
Akpovi
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Tossou Jacques
Dougnon
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Phyllis
Addo
Department of Animal Experimentation, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana, PO Box LG 581 Legon, Ghana
author
Frédéric
Loko
Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin
author
Michel
Boko
Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Interfaculty Center of Formation and Research in Environment for the Sustainable Development, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01 PO Box 1463 Cotonou, Benin
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: Hypercholesterolemia is the greatest risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The present study is conducted to evaluate the lipid lowering activity of leaves and fruits of Solanum macrocarpon, a vegetable, on Wistar rats experimentally rendered hypercholesterolemic by Triton X-100. Materials and Methods: The leaves and fruits were administered (p.o.) for 7 days to rats at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg of body weight. Atorvastatin was used as reference treatment drug. The data were analyzed by the Brown-Forsythe ANOVA, Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparison test, and Dunnett’s t test. All tests were done at the 5% significance level. Results: Administration of S. macrocarpon (fruits as well as leaves) resulted in a statistically significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides in the treated groups compared with the untreated hypercholesterolemic group, regardless of the administrated doses. A significant increase in HDL-cholesterol was observed in the treated groups. Hepatic disorders due to the Triton have been corrected by S. macrocarpon. Conclusions: This vegetable effectively suppresses experimental hypercholesterolemia in Wistar rats, suggesting a protective role in cardiovascular diseases. Its use by individuals at risk should be promoted.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
160
169
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2208_bed2ae9de74ee7257de6220fb40f733c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.2208
Silymarin attenuates mycophenolate mofetil-induced duodenal disorders in rats
Hassan
Malekinejad
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
author
Sanaz
Sheikhzadeh
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
author
Rahim
Hobbenaghi
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, I. R. Iran
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: The protective effect of silymarin (SMN) on mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)–induced duodenal disorders was investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty-two Wistar rats were assigned to seven groups including control and test groups. The control animals received saline and the test animals were treated with MMF (30 mg/kg, orally) and saline, MMF and SMN (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, orally), MMF and Celecoxib (CLX, 50 mg/kg, orally), and MMF and SMN plus CLX for 14 consecutive days. The antioxidant status and myeloperoxidase activity were determined and the histopathological examinations on duodenal section also were performed. Results: Biochemical analyses revealed that SMN and CLX individually and in combination therapy could reduce the MMF-increased nitric oxide (NO) content, myeloperoxidase (MPA) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, while the MMF-reduced level of total thiol molecules (TTM) was increased significantly (p<0.05) by given compounds. Concurrent administration of SMN and CLX resulted in a synergistic effect on the reduction of MDA level and MPO activity. SMN and CLX were able to improve the MMF-induced histopathological damages including the villus atrophy and inflammatory cells infiltration. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the MMF-induced duodenal disorders may attribute to the elevated NO and MDA levels and myeloperoxidase activity that resulted in pathological injuries. Moreover, the biochemical alterations and histopathological injuries due to MMF administration were reduced by SMN alone or in combination with CLX indicating its protective effect.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
170
181
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1558_2ecf46c6356d8e39f2bccab6d5bf25d4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.1558
Mineral elements and essential oil contents of Scutellaria luteo-caerulea Bornm. & Snit.
Mohammad
Nikbin
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, I. R. Iran
author
Nasrin
Kazemipour
Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
author
Malek Taher
Maghsoodlou
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, I. R. Iran
author
Jafar
Valizadeh
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan,I. R. Iran
author
Masood
Sepehrimanesh
Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
author
Amene
Davarimanesh
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, I. R. Iran
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: Scutellaria luteo-caerulea Bornm. & Snit. is one of the species of genus Scutellaria, within the family of the Lamiaceae, that is used for immune system stimulation and antibacterial effects in traditional medicine in Iran. The aims of this study were to analyze essential oils and mineral element contents of leaves of S. luteo-caerulea in flowering stage of development. Materials and Methods: The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves of S. luteo-caerulea and were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Moreover, microwave digestion with atomic absorption spectrophotometry were used for the mineral elements assay. Results: Ninety-seven constituents were detected. Between them, the major components were trans-caryophyllene (25.4%), D-germacrene (7.9%), and linalool (7.4%). Determination of mineral elements showed that the highest minerals were Ca2+ (65.14±1.95 µg/ml) and K+ (64.67±3.10 µg/ml). Conclusion: Presence of different essential oils and rich sources of Ca2+ and K+ candidate this plant as an auxiliary medication in different diseases, but more complementary researches are needed about its potency and side effects.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
182
190
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1863_849bb5dfe7bf7b22da53f3e84dfc9c19.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.1863
Chemical composition of essential oil and anti trichomonas activity of leaf, stem, and flower of Rheum ribes L. extracts
Forough
Naemi
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran,
author
Gholamreza
Asghari
Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I. R Iran
author
Hossein
Yousofi
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
author
Hossein Ali
Yousefi
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objectives: Trichomoniasis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in humans and is caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Nowadays, increasing resistance to drugs such as metronidazole resulted in many problem, so new effective remedies are needed. In this study, we evaluate constituents of essential oil and anti-trichomonas activity of Rheum ribes. Materials and Methods: The essential oil from Rheum ribes L.flower growing wild in Iran was analyzed by GC/MS. The parasites were treated with different extract and fractions of the flower, stem, and leave of the plant. Anti-trichomonas activity was evaluated using an in vitro assay. Results: In all, 19 compounds were identified; palmitic acid [27.08%], n-eicosane [9.9%], n-tetracosane [7.34%], linoleic acid [6.56%], and ethyl linoleate [4.76%] were the main components of the oil. Rheum ribes extracts and fractions concentration dependently inhibited the ability of parasites to growth. This was associated with polarity of solvent used for fractionation and plant parts used for extraction. Conclusion: Findings demonstrate the potential of Rheum ribes extracts as an anti-trichomonas agent for human use. Further studies are required to evaluate its toxicity and safety.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
191
199
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_1968_037a7622a7a28ad0eea4c83e0509b74a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.1968
Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant profile of essential oil from Murraya koenigii (L.) leaves
Mini Priya
Rajendran
Department of Biotechnology, EDU-TECH Research Centre, EDU-TECH Educational and Research Institute, Melpuram, Pacode Post, Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India – 629168.
author
Blessed
Beautlin Pallaiyan
Department of Biotechnology, Udaya College of Arts and Science, Udaya Nagar, Vellamodi, Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India.
author
Nija
Selvaraj
Department of Biotechnology, Udaya College of Arts and Science, Udaya Nagar, Vellamodi, Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: This study is designed to extract and examine chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the hydro-distillated essential oil of Murraya koenigii leaves from the south region of Tamilnadu, India. Matherials and Methods: Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oil result was indicates the 33 different compounds representing 97.56 % of the total oil. Results: Major compounds detected in the oil were Linalool (32.83%), Elemol (7.44%), Geranyl acetate (6.18%), Myrcene (6.12%), Allo-Ocimene (5.02), α-Terpinene (4.9%), and (E)-β-Ocimene (3.68%) and Neryl acetate (3.45%). From the identified compounds, they were classified into four groups that are oxygenated monoterpenes (72.15%), monoterpene hydrocarbons (11.81%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (10.48%) and sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (03.12%). The antibacterial activity of essential oil has pronounced by Disc Diffusion Method against various pathogenic microbes. Conclusion: The oil has a maximum zone of inhibition ability against Corynebacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterobacter aerogenes. The antioxidant profile of the sample was determined by different test systems. In all the systems, essential oil showed a strongest activity profile within the concentration range.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
200
214
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2564_0b55661e6e41d3930e3be8baf231d9c8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.2564
Preliminary pharmacological activity of the methanolic extract of Premna integrifolia barks in rats
Hajera
Khatun
Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
author
Rajib
Majumder
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
author
Efte Kharul
Alam
Department of Pharmacy, Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
author
Al
Mamun
Department of Pharmacy, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
author
Safkath
Ibne Jami
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
author
Badrul
Alam
Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: Premna integrifolia Linn (Family: Verbenaceae) synonym of Premna serratifolia has tremendous medicinal value. Preliminary pharmacological studies were performed on the methanolic extract of Premna integrifolia (MEPI) bark to investigate neuropharmacological, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Materials and methods: Neuropharmacology study was done by open field and hole cross test whereas acetic acid writhing test and formalin induced pain was done for analgesic activity of MEPI. Carrageenan induced inflammatory model was considered for anti-inflammatory activity evaluation. Results: A statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in locomotor activity was observed at all doses in the open-field and hole-cross tests. The extract significantly (p<0.05) and dose dependently reduced the writhing reflex in the acetic acid-induced writhing test as well as licking response in the formalin induced inflammatory pain. At 200 mg/kg body weight dose, MEPI showed 71.16% inhibition in carrageenan induced anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusion: The finding of this study suggests that MEPI will provide scientific support for the use of this species in traditional medicine.
Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2228-7930
4
v.
3
no.
2014
215
224
https://ajp.mums.ac.ir/article_2331_b44ebd8ce9eebc02d1facdb434b69847.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2014.2331